al-Baidāwī

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

ʿAbdallah ibn ʿUmar Abū l-Chair Nāsir ad-Dīn al-Baidāwī ( Arabic عبد الله بن عمر أبو الخير ناصر الدين البيضاوي, DMG ʿAbdallah ibn ʿUmar Abū l-Ḫair Nāṣir ad-Dīn al-Baiḍāwī * in the 13th century in al-Baiḍa '; † around 1290 in Shiraz ) was an Islamic legal scholar and Koran commentator of Persian descent. He was born in a town called al-Baiḍa 'in Fars Province, north of the capital, Shiraz. His date of birth is unknown, but falls within the term of office of Atabeg Abu Bakr b. Saʿd I (1231-1260), under whom his father served as chief judge. He received his education in Baghdad. He practiced in Shiraz the Office of the Chief Justice " Qadi al-Qudāt " and belonged to the school of law of the Shafi'i on. He had a reputation for learning and worked on, among other things, legal, theological, historical and linguistic topics. His Koran exegesis was most effective. Al-Baiḍāwī died in Shiraz. He was buried in a place called Jurundab. His date of death is unclear and is between 1286 and 1293.

Works (selection)

The Koran exegesis (Tawali 'al-anwar min matali' al-anzar) of al-Baidawi

Al-Baiḍāwī wrote his numerous works on a wide variety of topics, mostly in Arabic.

  • Minhaj al-wusul ila ʿilm al-usul ("method for the science of the basics") and al-ghaya al-quswa (jurisprudence)
  • Lubb al-albab fī ʿilm al-iʿrab ("Essential Insights into the Science of Syntax", Arabic grammar)
  • Misbah al-arwah ("lamp of souls") and Tawaliʿ al-anwar min mataliʿ al-anzar (scholastic theology)
  • Nizam al-tawarich ("Order of the Histories", a Persian-language chronicle of world history from the creation story to the year 1274)
  • Anwar al-tanzil wa-asrar al-taʾwil ("The lights of revelation and the secrets of interpretation", commentary on the Koran).

The most famous work of al-Baidawi is his commentary on the Koran. This is strictly based on al-Zamachschari's Koran commentary al-kashschaf ʿan haqa'iq at-tanzil , adjusted for the teachings of the Muʿtazila and based on other sources. It became the standard work in the Islamic world. 1846-48 was the work as one of the first Koran commentaries under the title Beidhawii Commentarius in Coranum ex codd. parisiensibus published by Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer in Leipzig.

literature

  • J. Robson: al-BAYDAWI , In: Encyclopaedia of Islam . New Edition, Leiden
  • C. Brockelmann: Keyword Al-Baidawi . In: EJ Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam . Leiden 1913-1936

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Peter Riddell: Islam and the Malay-Indonesian World. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2001, p. 46
  2. ↑ Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary, translation by William MacGuckin de Slane , Paris 1843, p. 11
  3. ↑ a b E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam 1913–1936, keyword Al-BAIDAWI
  4. ^ John L. Esposito: The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press, p. 39
  5. ↑ George C. Decasa: The Qur'anic Concept of Umma and its Function in Philippine Muslim Society. Romm 1999, p. 221f.


personal data
SURNAME Baidāwī, al-
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Baidawi, Abd Allah b. ʿUmar b. Mohammed b. ʿAlī Abu ʾl-Chayr Nasir ad-Din al
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Islamic jurist and Koran exegete
DATE OF BIRTH between 1231 and 1260
PLACE OF BIRTH al-Baida
DATE OF DEATH between 1286 and 1293
Place of death Shiraz