Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer

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Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer, 1871. Graphic by Hermann Scherenberg.
Signature Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer.PNG
Board at the birthplace in Bad Schandau

Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer (born February 21, 1801 in Schandau an der Elbe, † February 10, 1888 in Leipzig ) founded Arabic studies in Germany and was one of the most important orientalists .

Life

Fleischer's parents were the tax escort clerk Johann Gottfried Fleischer and his wife Johanna Christiane geb. Unruh , daughter of a school teacher. From 1814 to 1819 he attended the Bautzen Ratsgymnasium . The rector Karl Gottfried Siebelis was a classical philologist, editor of the works of Pausanias and an important teacher, Fleischer proved to be a very talented student. In 1819 he came to the University of Leipzig , where he first studied classical philology with Gottfried Hermann and Protestant theology with Georg Benedikt Winer , before turning increasingly to oriental philology under Ernst Karl Rosenmüller .

In 1824, after passing his theological doctorate, he went to Paris to study Arabic and Persian language studies with the important orientalist Silvestre de Sacy . In order to earn a living, he accepted a position as a private tutor with the Marquis Armand de Caulaincourt through the mediation of acquaintances in Leipzig . In addition to Sacy, who introduced his talented students to the Société asiatique , he also attended lectures from Caussin de Perceval (Vulgar Arabic), Antoine-Léonard de Chézy (Persian) and Pierre Amédée Jaubert (Turkish). In 1828 he returned to Saxony.

After working at the Dresden Kreuzschule from 1831 to 1835, he initially wanted to accept a new professorship for Persian language at the University of Petersburg , but in the spring of 1836, as Rosenmüller's successor, he took over the chair for Oriental languages at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Leipzig. Until shortly before his death he mainly taught Arabic here, mostly based on the Koran commentary by Baidawi , which he published in two volumes from 1846 to 1848. It attracted numerous students from across Europe and North America. Almost every important Arabist and Orientalist of his time listened to him. He also maintained contacts with the representatives of the Arab "rebirth" ( Nahda ) in Lebanon.

Fleischer continued the tradition of Arabic studies in Leipzig, which began in 1724 with Johann Christian Clodius (1676–1745) and then with Johann Jacob Reiske (1716–1774). Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer, however, brought Leipzig Arabic Studies to a worldwide reputation. He made the university a European center for teaching and researching the Muslim culture. Leipzig University became the "Mecca of Arabists".

From 1853 onwards, with significant support from Fleischer, the total of 487 volumes of Refaiya , a centuries-old collection of manuscripts from a Syrian family from Damascus with texts on the humanities and natural sciences, were purchased for the Leipzig University Library , making the library one of the most important European libraries with a significant number of oriental manuscripts.

In September 1843, in Fleischer's apartment on Nikolaistrasse, the decision was made to create an association of orientalists. On October 2, 1845 then in Darmstadt Société along the lines asiatique in Paris, the German Oriental Society , based in Leipzig founded, whose founders Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer and indologist Hermann Brockhaus included. The areas of activity of its members are the languages ​​and cultures of the Orient, Asia , Oceania and Africa as well as the relationships between these areas and with the neighboring regions.

He died shortly before his 87th birthday and was buried in Leipzig's Altes Johannisfriedhof .

Honors

Medal in honor of Hermann Brockhaus, Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer, August Friedrich Pott and Emil Roediger 1870

Incomplete list

Memberships

student

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stefan Krmnicek, Marius Gaidys: Taught images. Classical scholars on 19th century medals. Accompanying volume to the online exhibition in the Digital Coin Cabinet of the Institute for Classical Archeology at the University of Tübingen (= From Croesus to King Wilhelm. New Series, Volume 3). University Library Tübingen, Tübingen 2020, pp. 35–37 ( online ).
  2. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 81.
personal data
SURNAME Fleischer, Heinrich Leberecht
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Orientalist
DATE OF BIRTH February 21, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Schandau
DATE OF DEATH February 10, 1888
Place of death Leipzig