North Bohemian Trade Museum
The North Bohemian Trade Museum ( North Bohemian Museum , Severočeské muzeum ) in Liberec is a foundation of the trade association Reichenberg in the Czech Republic . It is one of the largest museums in the Czech Republic.
history
The trade association, which has existed in Reichenberg since 1841 and to which a section for architecture and drawing belonged, founded a Sunday drawing school in 1847. As a result of this establishment, there were differences of opinion about the establishment of a museum. The point of contention was whether it should serve as a commercial collection of samples for the drawing school or "high art" and local art history, but whether it should also be available to the drawing school.
Regardless of the differences, also reported through the press, it was possible to work together in a goal-oriented manner. The conflict was resolved indirectly by the Ministry of Commerce, which was only prepared to subsidize the salaries of teachers at the drawing school if the school was attached to the museum as a sample collection.
In May 1873, a provisional museum committee was set up in the trade association. The aim of this committee was to open the museum on the 25th anniversary of the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph I.
The first location of the museum was in the attic of the Viertler Schule in Reichenberg. It was opened on December 2, 1873. In 1877, due to lack of space, the house was moved to the first floor of a bookseller's house called the “Red Eagle”. On the occasion of the reopening at Easter, Count Edmund Zichy gave a lecture on the subject of “The importance of the Orient as a specialty for Austrian industrial products”. The exhibition on oriental arts and crafts was on loan from the Vienna Oriental Museum.
During a visit by Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria to Reichenberg in 1878, he was won over as protector for the museum. His advocacy changed nothing in the suspension of the subsidy payments for the drawing school, which was dissolved on September 30, 1879 and merged with the kk weaving school in Reichenberg. This decision made work easier for those responsible for the museum, as they could now concentrate on expanding the museum. Apparently this school was soon reopened, as the book "Reichenberg" published in 1929 refers to the existence of an art school attached to the museum and under the direction of Professor Frahs-Friedenfeld. Other sources name Bertold Löffler as a graduate before 1890 and Willi Sitte, born in 1921 .
In 1883 the statutes of a specially founded museum association were approved, to which the trade association ceded the entire property of the museum according to a contract concluded on May 9, 1882. At the same time, it was finally renamed the North Bohemian Trade Museum. The “ Mittheilungen des Nordböhmisches Gewerbemuseum ” appeared from 1882 onwards.
In the years 1890, 1891 and 1892 the North Bohemian Trade Museum did not receive any subsidies from the state despite intensive negotiations. In 1892 he finally set the conditions, among other things,
- that Czech educational institutions and industrialists in the Reichenberg district would be treated equally to German interested parties in the use of educational resources on loan,
- that the responsible state committee may send one German-speaking and one Czech-speaking member to the museum's board of trustees for the duration of the subsidy payments and
- that the North Bohemian Trade Museum also publishes a catalog in Czech.
On July 14, 1892, a general assembly of the museum association accepted these conditions, but at the same time changed the statutes and established German as the business language. This change has been approved by the relevant authorities.
In 1891 the museum moved to what was then Clotildenstraße 6. The lack of space was not permanently eliminated.
In a resolution of the Reichenberg city council meeting on March 26, 1895, the museum association was given the site of the former botanical garden as a location for a new museum building. After the financing had been secured, an architectural competition was announced. The design by the Viennese architect Friedrich Ohmann , which was awarded the 1st prize, was to be implemented . However, he delayed the desired revision of his plans so that this work was handed over to the architects Hans Grisebach and August Dinklage .
The construction company Gustav and Ferdinand Miksch from Brno was commissioned with the construction on January 16, 1897. Work on the foundation began on March 26th of the same year. The North Bohemian Trade Museum was opened in 1898. The museum received its first significant donation of more than two hundred works in 1904 from the estate of the patron Baron Heinrich von Liebieg ; this collection was moved to the Liebieg family's former villa in 1946 .
The eye-catcher of the neo-renaissance building is a slender tower located on the corner, which is an exact copy of the old Reichenberg town hall tower. Several gargoyles were designed in the inner courtyard by the sculptor Emanuel Gerhart . As a role model for their faces he took himself as well as the site manager Kraus and the master builder Gustav Miksch, who a few years later became chairman of the local association of friends of nature in Reichenberg . Between 1982 and 1988 the museum was renovated.
The North Bohemian Trade Museum originally included a collection of local history as well as a so-called glass collection with Bohemian, Silesian and Dutch glasses. Further collections were the ceramic collection, the faience and earthenware collection, the textile collection, the iron collection, the furniture collection and a library with mostly art and cultural history literature. In the course of time, further subject areas were added to the exhibition program in line with technical and artistic developments.
literature
- Gustav E. Pazaurek: The North Bohemian Trade Museum 1873-98. Memorandum for the opening of the new museum building. Self-published by the North Bohemian Trade Museum, Reichenberg 1898.
- Karl Kerl (arrangement): Reichenberg. Deutscher Kommunal-Verlag, Berlin-Friedenau 1929.
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ http://www.chatanisanka.cz/url-sekce-85227?lang=de
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from January 7, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ www.jizerky.cz/.../nordbhmisches-museum-liberec
- ^ The North Bohemian Trade Museum
- ↑ Karl Hübner: A brief overview of the activities developed by the Naturfreunde Association during its 75 years of existence . In: Messages from the Friends of Nature Association in Reichenberg, at the same time a commemorative publication to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the association, Reichenberg vol. 47 (1925), p. 49
- ↑ http://www.chatanisanka.cz/url-sekce-85227?lang=de
- ↑ Reichenberg ...
Coordinates: 50 ° 46 ′ 28.7 " N , 15 ° 4 ′ 6.3" E