NorilLag

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NorilLag (Russian Норильлаг ), also correctional and working stock Norilsk or Norilsk ITL ( Норильский ИТЛ , d. H. Норильский исправительно-трудовой лагерь ) was an improvement in working storage of the Gulag system's. The warehouse formed the basis for the Norilsknikel mining-metallurgy complex , from which today's Nornickel Company emerged , and the city of Norilsk in the north of the Krasnoyarsk Territory .

history

NorilLag was founded on June 25, 1935. From June 25, 1935, it was subordinate to the Gulag main administration (GULAG), from February 26, 1941 to the main administration of the warehouses of the mining and metallurgical industry (GULGMP des MWD ), from April 2, 1953 to the main warehouse administration of the Ministry of Justice (GULAG des MJu) and finally from January 28, 1954 the main administration of the Ministry of the Interior (GULAG des MWD). It existed until August 22, 1956.

The work included mainly in mining (nickel, copper, cobalt - they were also used to build the Norilsk copper-nickel combine), coal mining, in the metallurgical industry, in agriculture, etc.

On February 28, 1948, part of the camp was spun off and converted into special camp No. 2, the GorLag , which was merged with NorilLag on February 8, 1954. The inmates of NorilLag did not take part in the uprising of the inmates of GorLag, which took place between May and August 1953 and when the Norilsk uprising went down in history.

Occupant Numbers

In 1935, after the camp was established, there were only 1,200 prisoners. That number had increased to 11,560 by January 1939. As early as January 1, 1940, the number of prisoners was 19,500, which remained roughly the same during the first years of the war, and rose to 30,757 in January 1943 and 33,797 in January 1946. In the post-war years it rose quickly to 72,490 - the highest level on January 1, 1951. Thereafter, the number fell to 68,849 (January 1952), 36,734 (January 1954) and 21,214 (January 1955), respectively, on January 1, 1956, shortly before the closure of the Camp, there were 13,629 prisoners. The prisoner numbers in NorilLag were compiled from the information on the Мемориал portal (Memorial.ru) in a slightly abbreviated form:

Known inmates

Picture gallery

  • Memorial to the Victims (2016)

  • Memorial to the Victims (2008)

  • Museum (2016)

  • Jacques Rossi (former prisoner)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c S. Filippow, S. Sigatschow: НОРИЛЬСКИЙ ИТЛ . In: MB Smirnow (ed.): Система исправительно-трудовых лагерей в СССР (The system of corrective labor camps in the USSR 1923–1960). Zwenja, 1998. Online on the Мемориал portal (Memorial.ru) memo.ru / ... ; German version on the MEMORIAL Deutschland e. V .: Sergei Sigatschow, Sergei Filippow: NORILSKER ITL . Online at: gulag.memorial.de / ...
  2. ↑ a b Vladimír Bystrov: Únosy československých občanů do Sovětského Svazu v letech 1945–1955 (kidnapping of Czechoslovak citizens in the Soviet Union 1945–1955). Edition Svědectví , ed. from Úřad dokumentace a vyšetřování zločinů komunismu ÚDV, an institution of the Ministry of Interior of the Czech Republic, Prague 2003, 343 pages, ISBN 80-7312-027-5 , online at: szcpv.org / ... , section GorLag, p. 262.
  3. ↑ Д. Шкапов: ГОРНЫЙ ЛАГЕРЬ . In: MB Smirnow (ed.): Система исправительно-трудовых лагерей в СССР (The system of corrective labor camps in the USSR 1923–1960). Zwenja, 1998. Online on the Мемориал portal (Memorial.ru) memo.ru / ... ; German version on the MEMORIAL Deutschland e. V .: Dmitri Schkapow: Mountain camp . Online at: gulag.memorial.de / ...
  4. ^ Anne Applebaum : The Gulag . Siedler Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-88680-642-1 . (From the English.) Cf. in particular pp. 514 and 516ff.
  5. ↑ AJ Rublewoj (compilation of the material): From the history of the camp formations on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory: NorilLag, Osoblag NO 2 (GorLag), KrasLag. Biographies of famous people - prisoners of the NorilLag and KrasLag. Material of the portal Memorial Krasnoyarsk, online at: memorial.krsk.ru / ...

Web links

Coordinates: 69 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  N , 88 ° 22 ′ 0 ″  E