Alexander Petrovich Nogtew

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Alexander Nogtew (3rd from left) together with the writer Maxim Gorki (2nd from right) and the head of the special department of the OGPU Gleb Boki (far right) on the deck of the steamer “Gleb Boki” (between June 20 and June 23, 1929)

Alexander Petrovich Nogtew ( Russian Александр Петрович Ногтев ; * 1892 in Gorodets , Russian Empire , † April 23, 1947 in Moscow , Soviet Union ) was a Soviet secret service officer. He was the first commandant of the " Solovetsk camp for special use " ( Russian Соловецкий лагерь особого назначения , abbreviation SLON), the first forced labor camp of the Gulag .

biography

Nogtev's father, Pyotr Nikandrovich Nogtew, came from a peasant family, worked as a teacher in Kovrov and Vladimir, and had contacts with the social-revolutionary secret society Narodnaya Volya . Accordingly, Nogtew came from a humble background. After finishing school, Nogtew completed a nautical training and was a seaman in the Russian merchant fleet. With the beginning of the First World War he was drafted into the Baltic fleet . In 1917 Nogtew became deputy captain on the Volga steamer Alexander Nevsky .

After the October Revolution , Nogtew joined the Communist Party in 1918 . In August 1918, Nogtew and a group were sent to Kotlas to block the river Dvina for ship movements by opponents of the Bolsheviks . From September 1918 to May 1919 Nogtew was chief inspector for ship safety. In 1919 he became commissar of a special unit in Samara on the front against the troops of Admiral Kolchak and was involved in battles against the Ural Army . He later commanded the 4th Army Special Unit on the Turkestan Front . On May 4, 1920 Nogtew was awarded the Order of the Red Banner .

Nogtew (left) as camp commandant in the newspaper "Neue Solowki" on June 7, 1925

Since 1921 Nogtew was a member of the Cheka secret police . On October 3, 1923, he became the first commandant of the " Solovetsk Camp for Special Use " (SLON), until he was replaced by Fyodor Ivanovich Eichmans on November 13, 1925 due to his inability . After his promotion, he was again camp commandant from May 20, 1929 to May 19, 1930. Nogtew was an alcoholic and showed sadistic behavior towards the prisoners. After the arrival of prisoner transports, he arbitrarily killed one or two prisoners of his choice, mostly choosing former officers or priests. He was nicknamed "The Executioner" among inmates.

After May 19, 1930, Nogtew retired and left the Soviet secret police, now known as the OGPU . In the 1930s he was appointed head of the Soviet People's Commissariat for Forestry. In the course of the Great Purge Nogtew was also arrested by the NKVD in 1937. On May 4, 1939, he was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment by the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR and sent to the NorilLag camp complex .

Shortly after the end of the Second World War, due to a change in the law, Nogtev's prison term could be reduced to seven years, so that he was transferred to Moscow to submit his claims. However, he died there before the appeal proceedings were initiated.

Nogtew was legally rehabilitated on November 18, 1955 by decision of the plenary of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union.

Fonts

  • USLON: history, goals and tasks. , Article in the newspaper The Solovetsky Islands , No. 2–3. 1930 pp. 55–60, online , (accessed October 29, 2019)

Web links

literature

  • Samulin Stutman: Gendarmerie. Biographies. ( Russian Самуил Штутман: Внутренние войска. История в лицах. ), Litres, 2017, ISBN 978-5-4573-1769-7
  • Tomasch Kisnij: GuLag. Solovki. Belomor Canal. Waigatsch. Theater in the Gulag. Kolyma. Vorkuta. Death railway. ( Russian : Кизны Томаш дорога ГУЛАГ Беломорканал Вайгач Театр в ГУЛАГе Колыма Воркута Мертвая Соловки........ ), ROSSIPEN, 2007 ISBN 978-5-8243-0868-6
  • Boris Schirjaew: Inextinguishable Lamp. , Chekhov Publishing, New York, 1954, ( Russian Бори́с Ширя́ев: Неугасимая лампада. ), Sretensky Monastery, Moscow, ISBN 978-5-7533-0924-2 , ( online publication of the Sakharov Archives )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Stutman: Gendarmerie , pp. 217–218
  2. ↑ Hubertus Knabe : The First Gulag , (accessed on October 26, 2019)
  3. ↑ Shiryaev: Inextinguishable Lamp