Nothnagel Syndrome

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Classification according to ICD-10
G46.3 Brain stem syndrome
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

The Nothnagel syndrome (synonym: Upper syndrome red nucleus ) is a symptom complex in Neurology , by a lesion in the quadrigemina region of the midbrain , a portion of the brain stem is caused. It is characterized by the occurrence of oculomotor paresis , which is found on the same side (ipsilateral) in relation to the location of the damage, and a hemiataxia on the opposite side (contralateral). Since some of the symptoms occur on the side of the lesion and others on the opposite side, Nothnagel syndrome is also counted among the alternating brainstem or midbrain syndromes . The most common cause are tumors of the pineal gland .

Medical history

The name goes back to an initial description of the symptom complex by Carl Wilhelm Hermann Nothnagel in 1879 in his monograph Brain Diseases, A Clinical Study . Otto Marburg later called the complex Nothnagel Syndrome . According to another author, the term Nothnagel syndrome does not refer to the monograph published in 1879, but to a later publication from 1889.

further reading

  • GT Liu, CW Crenner, EL Logigian, ME Charness, MA Samuels: Midbrain syndromes of Benedikt, Claude, and Nothnagel: setting the record straight. In: Neurology. Volume 42, Number 9, September 1992, pp. 1820-1822, ISSN  0028-3878 . PMID 1513475 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ W. Hacke: Neurology . 13th edition. Springer-Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-12381-8 , p. 190.
  2. ^ Rudolf Sachsenweger: Neuroophthalmology. 3. Edition. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-13-531003-5 , p. 260.
  3. ^ H. Nothnagel: Corpora Quadrigemina. In: Brain Diseases. A clinical study. Verlag von August Hirschwald, Berlin 1879, pp. 204–220.
  4. ↑ Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil: Encyclopedia Medical History. 1st edition. Gruyter-Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1057.
  5. ↑ I. Derakhshan, M. Sabouri-Deylami, B. Kaufman: Bilateral Nothnagel syndrome. Clinical and roentgenological observations. In: Stroke. 1980 Mar-Apr; 11 (2), pp. 177-179, PMID 7368246 , doi: 10.1161 / 01.STR.11.2.177 .
  6. ^ H. Nothnagel: On the diagnosis of diseases of the corpora quadrigemina. In: Brain. 1889; 12, pp. 21-35. On-line
  7. ↑ D. Schmidt: The classic brain stem syndromes definitions and history. In: Ophthalmologist. 2000 Jun; 97 (6), pp. 411-417. PMID 10916384