Notre-Dame-des-Pommiers-Saint-Thyrse
The church Notre-Dame-des-Pommiers-Saint-Thyrse is a Roman Catholic church and former cathedral in the town of Sisteron in the French Alpes-de-Haute-Provence . It was the main church of the Sisteron diocese , which had existed since the 6th century and was dissolved in the French Revolution in 1790.
The church has the patronage of the Virgin Mary and that of the holy martyr Thyrsos and is better known under the name Notre Dame des Pommiers , which is derived from the Latin term pomerium , which denoted the open space between the houses of the city and the ramparts.
history
In the Middle Ages, the episcopal group of buildings in Sisteron included a cloister and a smaller one, dedicated to St. Church dedicated to Thyrsos, which was demolished in 1860, with its patronage being transferred to the main church.
According to tradition, Bishop Pierre de Sabran (1145–1171) started the construction of the new cathedral. Under Bishop Henricus de Segusio , Italian builders worked on the building, which is expressed in the adoption of Lombard style elements. In 1431 the church received a brick roof to replace the old shingle roof.
In 1564 the Protestants devastated the church during the Huguenot Wars . They demolished the church tower, smashed the bells, destroyed the altar and burned the chapter archive. During the repair work, which lasted until the episcopate of Bishop Toussaint de Glandevès in the 17th century, eight side chapels were built on the sides of the nave.
As early as 1840, the former cathedral was included in the first list of French monuments historiques .
architecture
In the Romanesque building tradition of Provence, the church has a side entrance on the north side in addition to the portal in the west facade. The dark longitudinal space leads to the choir apse without a transept; at the point of the foremost yoke of the central nave, a dome rises above trumpets . The main nave with five pairs of pillars is 7.8 meters wide and 16 meters high up to the barrel vault . The side aisles are 4.2 meters wide.
The dome tower has an arcade gallery on the outside , a style element from Lombard architecture that is unique in Provence. On the north side, the bell tower standing over the last yoke of the side aisle connects to the dome. Sparse light falls into the interior only through three round windows in the facade and the window openings in the apses.
The church has eight side chapels:
- Chapelle de la confrérie de la Passion
- Chapelle du souvenir
- Chapelle du Saint Esprit
- Chapelle de la Vierge du Rosaire
- Chapelle sainte Anne
- Chapelle des fonts baptismaux
- Chapelle saint Sébastien
- Chapelle sainte Luce
Furnishing
The former main altar from 1645, which is now in the chapel of St. Marcel in Sisteron, has a reredos with two paintings of the Holy Family and of God the Father in the middle and the side sculptures of St. Donat and Thyrsus.
The current high altar of the church is made of colored marble and dates from the 18th century. In addition, the cenotaph of Bishop Toussaint Glandèves and a wooden panel with images of Saint Barbara and Saint Ignace of Loyola are in the choir .
Detail of the main portal
inner space
Vault
The church from the south
portal
West facade mask frieze
capital
capital
capital
Detail vault
Choir view
organ
.jpg)
See also
- List of the bishops of Sisteron
- List of cathedrals in France
- List of the historical monuments in Sisteron
literature
- Jacques Thirion: Alpes Romanes. Zodiaque 1980.
- Yann Codou (inter alia): Cathédrales de Provence. Strasbourg 2015. ISBN 978-2-8099-1275-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Yann Codou: Les temps des cathédrales. Temps et rythmes des chantiers de cathédrales en Provence de l'antiquité tardive au XIII siècle. In: Provence historique 65, 2015, p. 72.
- ^ Guy Barruol: Provence novels. La Pierre-Qui-Vire 1977, vol. 2, p. 242.
Coordinates: 44 ° 11 ′ 44 ″ N , 5 ° 56 ′ 37 ″ E