Upper mill (Markgröningen)

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Upper mill in the 19th century
Location of the mill on the field map from 1752

The Obere Mühle in Glemstal near Markgröningen , also called Mühle zu Konstatt , Konstenzer Mühle or Renhart-Mühle , was first mentioned in the Grüninger stock register in 1424 and is said to have been the home of Hans Grüninger, alias Renhart. In 1963 the grinding operation was stopped and in 1993 the mill was torn down.

Insert Grüninger with Lorenz Fries about his hometown Margt Grieningen
Rear of the main building before demolition (1993)

history

First mention and prominent owners

The initially common names "Mühle zu Kanstatt" or "Konstenzer Mühle" had the Obere Mühle on the right of the Glems from a desolate settlement of the same name, which is believed to have existed on the opposite Gleithang until the plague wave around 1350. At the time the mill was first mentioned in the oldest stock register from 1424, the location was definitely no longer there. The first miller known by name was "Renhart Myller", who is listed in the tax list of 1471 and, according to Römer, was the father of the famous printer and publisher Hans Grüninger alias Johannes Renhart, from whom the first printed description of Grüningen comes. Around 1545 the mill was named "Rienharts-Muln" after this family. The name Obere Mühle was later used . Down the river, the Bruckmühle , the Spitalmühle and the Untere Mühle followed shortly afterwards, which also ground grain, and then several special mills that were used to process wood, oilseeds, hemp or tannins and, at times, to produce powder and paper .

Renting a mill near Grüningen was economically risky because of the high taxes and competition. Since several millers went bankrupt, the Obere Mühle also saw numerous changes of ownership. The Renhart (15th – 16th century) and Weizsäcker (18th century) families are among the few exceptions with long-term continuity and at the same time among the better known .

Around 1840, at the time of Christian Rüth, the due payments in kind were supposed to be converted into rent. Obermüller, Bruckmüller and Untermüller only wanted to agree to this if they were granted compensation because the expansion of the park lakes on the upper reaches of the Glems to provide Stuttgart with drinking water reduced the amount of water too much and impaired the profitability of the mills.

renovation

In 1887 the "head miller" Ernst Wilhelm Schnell renewed the mill canal and the waterworks, replaced the three wooden water wheels with two iron ones and renovated the mill building. The mill now had three grinding stages and one tanning stage. The overshot waterwheels had a diameter of 2.86 and a width of 1.5 meters.

Quarry above the mill

Exit

In 1956, the Gronwald family from Hessen leased the Obere Mühle and seven hectares of land for ten years. In 1963, however, the grinding operation was already stopped, and the miller became demolition expert in the expanding quarry, which moved up to the mill. The family moved to Markgröningen, the building was left to its own devices. The mill's technical equipment was retained until it was demolished in 1993. Appeals by the Markgröningen working group for historical research, heritage and monument preservation to preserve this historical gem, had the quarry operator and city administration not been able to change their mind.

literature

  • Hilde Fendrich: The "Mühle zu Kanstatt" or Obere Mühle . In: Müller, Mühlen, Wasserkraft . Volume 5 of the series "Through the city glasses, history and stories about Markgröningen", ed. v. Working group on historical research, heritage and monument preservation in Markgröningen. Markgröningen 1995. pp. 68-88.
  • Lorenz Fries : Application of the sea charts . Sheet 13 on verso (an insert ascribed to Hans Grüninger ). Strasbourg 1527.
  • Hermann Römer : Hans Grüninger and the Reinhard book printer family from Markgröningen. In: Markgröningen in the context of regional history I. Prehistory and the Middle Ages. Renczes, Markgröningen 1933, pp. 278–329.
  • Thomas Schulz: Mühlenatlas Baden-Württemberg , Vol. 3 The mills in the Ludwigsburg district , Remshalden-Buoch: Hennecke 1999, ISBN 3-927981-63-X

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The author and date of creation of the drawing are unknown.
  2. ↑ See Lorenz Fries: Application of the sea charts . Sheet 13 verso. Strasbourg: Grüninger 1527 (see also facsimile from Hermann Römer : Hans Grüninger and the Reinhard family of printers from Markgröningen. In: Markgröningen in the context of Landesgeschichte I. Prehistory and the Middle Ages. Markgröningen 1933, p. 285)
  3. ↑ The solitary Raiserhaus homestead stands at this location today .
  4. ^ Hermann Römer : Hans Grüninger and the Reinhard book printer family from Markgröningen. In: Markgröningen in the context of regional history I. Prehistory and the Middle Ages. Markgröningen 1933, p. 278.
  5. ↑ An insert attributed to Hans Grüninger about Margt Grieningen in Lorenz Fries : Application of the sea charts . Sheet 13 verso. Strasbourg 1527.
  6. ↑ See directory of Glemsmühlen .
  7. ↑ Hilde Fendrich: The "Mühle zu Kanstatt" or Obere Mühle. In: Müller, Mühlen, Wasserkraft. Volume 5 of the series Through the city glasses, history and stories about Markgröningen. Ed. Working group for historical research, heritage and heritage preservation Markgröningen, Markgröningen 1995, p. 76 f.
  8. ↑ Hilde Fendrich: The "Mühle zu Kanstatt" or Obere Mühle. In: Müller, Mühlen, Wasserkraft. Volume 5 of the series Through the city glasses, history and stories about Markgröningen. Ed. Working group for historical research, heritage and heritage preservation Markgröningen, Markgröningen 1995, p. 68f.

See also

Web links

Commons : Glemsmühlen  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Mills in Markgröningen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 53 '50.9 "  N , 9 ° 4' 0.7"  E