Tatting
Tatting (Italian for 'eyes'), also known as boat work or frivolite , is a handicraft technique in which lace is made using the thread wound on a boat . Since the individual links of the tip look like little eyes, this technique is called "tatting".
history
A forerunner technique came to Europe from the Orient in the Middle Ages and was known as "Makuk"; however, because of its wide distribution, the original name is unknown. Up to the early 19th century, neither tatting work in the actual sense (ie with the typical “eyes”) nor the alternative terms boat tip and frivolite are proven . Although there are pictures of women holding boats in their hands from the 18th century, these are larger than Occhi boats and have rounded ends. They were probably used for “knotting”, a technique for making “Frantzen” or “jerks and tassels”. The actual tatting seems to have developed only in the course of the 19th century.
The original knot , like the tatting of the 19th century, is likely to have been practiced mainly by women of the upper classes as a pastime. Since the work result had no practical use or monetary value, both techniques were particularly suitable for demonstrative idleness . The fact that the tools are small enough to be carried around at all times contributed to the popularity of tatting.
Boat
The shuttle is about as long as a thumb and consists of two oval, slightly curved plates with a coil in between. The narrow, slightly tapered ends of the ovals touch each other slightly so that the wound thread cannot unwind by itself when the shuttle hangs down on the thread.
In the past, the boats were often made of ivory , tortoiseshell or silver. Today they are very functional and made of plastic for little money. Some models also have small "noses" that are helpful when you have to pull the thread through a small loop to tie it (that is, to connect it). Mostly you use a crochet hook , which is superfluous with boats with a nose.
technology
The technique consists of lots of knots that are strung on a carrier thread. This carrier thread is then pulled together to form a ring, creating the so-called eyes. The typical tips are not only made from rings, but also from arches that usually connect the rings. Bows are worked with two shuttles. More or less “picots” are incorporated as jewelry. These are small loops of thread that arise when you don't work the knots directly on each other, but leave some thread between them. When the knots are pushed together, the small loop arches up, giving the tatting tip its typical appearance. In addition, connections between the various rings and arches are usually tied to the picots.
Mostly delicate yarns are used, such as crochet for lace or bobbin lace .
There are at least three different tatting techniques. They are:
- Classic tatting as described above.
-
Creative tatting ,
developed in 1987 by Helma Siepmann. From the classic tatting she developed the creative knot and the knotting elements eyelet ring, over crocheted eyelet ring, combined eyelet ring and eyelet bridge, with which all natural forms can be worked out; also the way of working with three boats. -
Tatting with the needle .
The tatting with the needle differs from the technique with the shuttle in that the double knot is formed with the thread of the ball held on the left instead of the shuttle held with the right hand. There is no need to wind up the shuttle and you have more of an opportunity to correct mistakes, since the double knots are on the needle until a ring or arch is finished, and this can easily be pulled out again.
literature
- Tina Frauberger: Handbuch der Schiffchenspitze , Düsseldorf self-published, 1919
Web links
Individual evidence
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↑ Amaranthes: Frauenzimmer-Lexicon
Schifflein. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 34, Leipzig 1742, column 1507 .. - ↑ Tina Frauberger: Handbuch der Schiffchenspitze , Düsseldorf, Gneisenaustraße 36, 1919 , in digital collections of the Weimar University Library