Ochotnik class
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 The Russian destroyer Okhotnik . |
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| Class details | |
| Ship type: | destroyer |
| Builders: | Sandvikens Skeppsdocka och Mekaniska Verkstads Ab, Helsingfors W: m Crichton & C: o Ab, Abo |
| Period of service: | 1906-1957 |
| Units: | 4th |
| Technical specifications | |
| Length: | 75.2 m |
| Width: | 8.2 m |
| Draft: | 3.3 m |
| Displacement : | Construction: 615 t maximum approx. 750 t |
| Drive: |
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| Speed: | 25.5 kn |
| Range: | 800–1,000 nm at 25 kn 2,200–2,400 nm at 12 kn |
| Fuel supply: | |
| Armament: |
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| Crew: | 95 men |
The four boats of the Okhotnik class ( Russian Охотник for hunters ) were a class of Russian destroyers of the Baltic Fleet of Tsarist Russia, which was started as a torpedo cruiser in Finnish shipyards in the spring of 1905 during the Russo-Japanese War . The funds for the construction of the Okhotnik class were made available by the Committee for Strengthening the Russian Fleet through voluntary contributions , which also took on the awarding of the contract. In 1906 the boats came into service. A boat was lost in the First World War. In 1925 two more were scrapped. The last boat was there until 1957.
draft
The boats of the Ochotnik class were an enlarged two-chimney version of the Ukraina class . The project was created with the technical support of the German AG Vulcan Stettin. In terms of size and combat strength, they were among the first "real" destroyers of the Russian Navy. The most prominent features of the class were the pronounced ramming stem, the high-rise bridge and the rounded cruiser stern. The original design provided for two 120 mm Canet L / 45 M 1891 and six 57 mm guns, with a mine-laying device for 24 mines. Based on experiences from the Russo-Japanese War, the armament was reinforced and standardized to two 102 mm guns before the First World War and to three from 1916.
In total, the Imperial Russian Navy received 24 similar destroyers according to German plans, which are also referred to by the Russian side as Dobrowolez (volunteer) class, which takes the name of the procuring committee to strengthen the Russian fleet through voluntary contributions . Vulcan was behind the eight Ukraina- class destroyers and the four Finland-built Okhotnik- class destroyers. The Germania shipyard in Kiel planned the four destroyers of the Wsadnik class , two of which they built themselves, and the four similar boats of the Leitenant-Schestakow class for the Black Sea. The Schichau works planned only the four destroyers of the Emir Bucharski - or Finn class and delivered ten replicas of the smaller kit - or Bditelny class.
commitment
The four boats of the Ochotnik class entered service in the Baltic Fleet in 1906. In 1907 they were reclassified as destroyers by torpedo cruisers. In 1911/1912 their boilers were renewed at the Creighton shipyard in St. Petersburg. With the beginning of the war they were used to lay mine barriers in all parts of the Baltic Sea, but also for anti-submarine defense. From 1915 they were involved in the defense of the Riga Bay against German attacks. The lead ship Ochotnik was badly damaged on August 27, 1915. After the repair ran Ochotnik on 29 September 1917 the Irben Straits a German mine and sank.
In 1918 the three remaining boats were laid up in Kronstadt, two were scrapped in 1925 and only the Sibirski Strelok came into service again in 1926 under the name Konstruktor as a mine sweeper . In this capacity, it was used both during the 1940 Winter War and World War II, serving as a gunboat for artillery support during the Leningrad Blockade. The boat was canceled in 1956 and scrapped from June 1957.
Boats and Fates
| ship | Shipyard; | Keel laying | Launch | Commissioning | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Ochotnik ("hunter") |
W: m Crichton & C: o Ab, Abo |
March 1905 | 1906 | August 14, 1906 | During the First World War was one of the boat for special half-flotilla that led an offensive mine warfare throughout the Baltic Sea region and was at the command post in the Gulf of Riga participated in August 1915 where on the evening of August 16, complete with its General Kondratenko a Had battle with the German torpedo boats SMS V 99 and SMS V 100 entering the Riga Bay . On September 29, 1917, the boat sank after a mine hit on a mine laid by German seaplanes on Irbenstrasse , killing 52 men. |
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Progranitschnik ("border guard") |
W: m Crichton & C: o Ab, Abo |
March 1905 | 1906 | July 19, 1906 | During the First World War, the boat belonged to the special semi-flotilla, which led an offensive mine warfare throughout the Baltic Sea area and was involved in the battles in August 1915 and October 1917 . It was then launched in Kronstadt in 1918, removed from the fleet list in 1924 and scrapped in 1925. |
| General Kondatenko | Sandvikens Skeppsdocka och Mekaniska Verkstads Ab, Helsingfors |
March 1905 | August 31, 1905 | July 7, 1906 | During the First World War, the boat belonged to the special semi-flotilla, which led an offensive mine war in the entire Baltic Sea area and was involved in the fighting in August 1915 , where on August 11th she and others cleared the gap in Irben-Strasse that was cleared by the Germans mined again and, on the evening of 16 August, had a battle with the Ochotnik with the German torpedo boats SMS V 99 and V 100 entering the Riga Bay . In October 1917 , the boat was also involved in repelling the German attack. It was then launched in Kronstadt in 1918, removed from the fleet list in 1924 and scrapped in 1925. |
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Sibirski Strelok ("Siberian Shooter ") |
Sandvikens Skeppsdocka och Mekaniska Verkstads Ab, Helsingfors |
March 1905 | September 19, 1905 | July 3, 1906 | During the First World War, the boat belonged to the special semi-flotilla, which led an offensive mine warfare in the entire Baltic Sea area and was in the fighting in August 1915 , where on August 10th off Zerel (today Sääre) in battle with German cruisers and torpedo boats received two hits, and involved in October 1917 . Then it was launched in Kronstadt in 1918, rebuilt in 1925 and renamed Konstruktor on December 10, 1926 as a mine sweeper 's guide ship again. In this capacity it was active both during the 1940 Winter War and World War II, being used as a gunboat for artillery support during the Leningrad Blockade.
The boat was deleted from the fleet list on May 15, 1956, renaming it Hulk OT 29 and scrapped from June 1957. |
literature
- Harald Fock: Black journeymen. Vol. 2 Destroyers until 1914. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Herford 1981, ISBN 3-7822-0206-6 .
- Harald Fock: Z-before! Vol. 1 International development and war missions of destroyers and torpedo boats 1914 to 1939. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Herford 1998, ISBN 3-7822-0207-4 .
- Robert Gardiner: Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Conway Maritime Press Ltd., London 1979, ISBN 0-85177-133-5 .
- René Greger: The Russian fleet in the First World War 1914–1917. JF Lehmanns, Munich 1970, ISBN 3-469-00303-3
