Leitenant Shestakov class
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|---|---|
| Leitenant Shestakov- class | |
 Director Shestakov |
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| Overview | |
| Type | Torpedo cruiser destroyer 1907 |
| units | 4th |
| Shipyard | |
| Order | 1904 |
| Keel laying | 29 September 1906 |
| Launch | 1907 |
| delivery | 1909 |
| Namesake | Ivan Alexejewitsch Schestakow (1820–1888) |
| period of service |
1909-1918 |
| Commissioning | from October 1, 1909 |
| home port | Sevastopol |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement |
650 t , max. 780-820 tons |
| length |
74.1 m above sea level, waterline 73.5 m |
| width |
8.30 m |
| Draft |
2.53 m |
| crew |
89-94 men |
| drive |
4 Normand boilers |
| speed |
25 kn |
| Range |
1944 nm at 12 kn |
| Armament |
• 2 × 120 mm / L45 canet guns |
| Bunker quantity | |
The four boats of the Leitenant-Shestakow class ( Russian Лейтенант Шестаков ) were built as torpedo cruisers for the Black Sea Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy and reclassified as destroyers during construction in 1907. From 1909 to 1918 they were used in the Black Sea.
draft
The Leitenant-Schestakow -class, named after the Russian statesman, writer and admiral Iwan Alexejewitsch Schestakow (1820–1888), was developed at the naval shipyard in Nikolajew according to the revised plans of the Wsadnik -class of the F. Krupp Germania shipyard in Kiel . On November 21, 1904, the naval command decided to build four torpedo cruisers with a displacement of 570 tons. Soon it was decided to increase the size to 650 tons, use four Normand-type water-tube boilers and increase the coal stocks compared to the Vsadnik class. The armament was also increased to a 120-mm cannon and five 75-mm guns and changed again to two 120-mm and four 75-mm guns before commissioning. The mine capacity has been increased to 40 mines.
The keel of the four boats was laid on September 29, 1906, and the launch took place in 1907. On October 10, 1907, the torpedo cruisers under construction were reclassified as destroyers and entered service from autumn 1909. Although they are considerably more heavily armed, the four Black Sea boats are also assigned to the Dobrowolez (volunteer) class, which still includes twenty destroyers of the Baltic fleet , which are made up of the four boats of the Emir Bucharski (also Finn ) class developed by Schichau , the eight destroyers of the Ukraina-class and the four destroyers of the Ochotnik-class built in Finland according to plans of the AG Vulcan , as well as the four destroyers of the Wsadnik- class according to the plans of the Germania shipyard. These boats were followed by the further destroyer series developed from the Nowik , for the Black Sea Fleet 16 boats of the Derzkiy class (four, 1180 / 1405t), the Shchastlivyi class (five, 1110 / 1460t) and the Ushakov's Siege class (seven, 1320-1760t).
Calls
The boats were assigned to the 2nd Torpedo Boat Division of the Black Sea Fleet. In 1914 they formed the 3rd Division. On November 18, all four boats were in formation with five liners, several cruisers and other destroyers when the Russian Black Sea Fleet collided with the German-Turkish ships Goeben , now battle cruiser Yavuz Sultan Selim , and Breslau , now cruiser Midilli , off Cape Sarych on the Crimea present without being able to intervene in the battle. After that, the boats were used both on the Bulgarian and Turkish coasts. They sank 22 Turkish auxiliary and sailing ships. In 1915, the boilers and machinery were overhauled and the boats were equipped with 47 mm anti-aircraft guns, the 75 mm guns removed and the mine capacity increased to 50. They specialized in coastal operations and were deployed from February to April 1916 in support of the Trabzon Offensive.
On June 30, 1917, the Leitenant Sazarenny was the only boat lost when she ran into a mine barrier near the island of Fidonisi , which the German-Turkish cruiser Breslau , now Midilli , had relocated a few days earlier. The Midilli had laid 70 mines off the mouth of the Danube and another ten off the island of Fidonisi near Sulina , which the Germans called the Snake Island.
The destroyer broke and the front part sank immediately. The rear one could be towed initially but also sank before it could be beached. 44 men of the crew, including the commander, died.
On December 29, 1917, the remaining three boats became members of the Black Sea Red Fleet. Two left Sevastopol on April 29, 1918 , so as not to fall into the hands of the Germans, and on June 18, on the orders of the Soviet government, sank themselves in Tsemes Bay off Novorossiysk, along with eight other destroyers and the battleship Imperatritsa Yekaterina Velikaya .
The Leitenant Pushkin had been shut down in early 1918 and could not leave Sevastopol before the German occupation. It was launched on October 12 under the German flag with the registration number R04 . After the German surrender, it was confiscated by the Allies in the Sea of Marmara and used by the French Navy as R2 . In October 1920 she was handed over to the " white " Russian naval forces in Izmir and used by them as Captain Saken . She was used in the evacuation of the troops of General Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel from Sevastopol and then came with other "white" ships to Bizerta , where they were interned on December 20, 1920. The boat was finally scrapped in the 1930s.
Boats and Fates
| ship | Launch | Commissioning | comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director Shestakov | August 1907 | October 1, 1909 | Relocated from Sevastopol to Novorossiysk on April 29, 1918. Sunk in Tsemes Bay on June 18 by order of the government to prevent a takeover by the Germans. Lifted and scrapped in 1927. |
|
Leitenant Pushkin October 1920 Captain Saken |
September 1907 | October 13, 1909 | Confiscated by the Germans in 1918 in Sevastopol and put into service. Confiscated by the French after the surrender. Delivered to General Wrangel's troops. Used in the evacuation of the "white" troops from Sevastopol to Istanbul. Relocation with the other ships of the "white" Russians to Bizerta. Interned there and broken up in the 1930s. |
| Captain Baranow | November 5, 1907 | October 13, 1909 | Relocated from Sevastopol to Novorossiysk on April 29, 1918. Sunk in Tsemes Bay on June 18 by order of the government to prevent a takeover by the Germans. Lifted and scrapped in 1927. |
| Manager Sazarenny | October 29, 1907 | October 16, 1909 | On June 30, 1917, coming from Odessa south of the Fidonisi lighthouse, ran across a German mine barrier and sank. 44 dead. |
Web links
- Vsadnik class (Russian) ( Memento from June 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- Lt. Shestakov class (Russian) ( Memento from May 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- Cracks of the Lt. Shestakov class in 1909 and 1914
literature
- Harald Fock: Black journeymen. Vol. 2 Destroyers up to 1914. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1981, ISBN 3-7822-0206-6 .
- Harald Fock: Z-before! Vol. 1 International development and war missions of destroyers and torpedo boats 1914 to 1939. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1998, ISBN 3-7822-0207-4 .
- Robert Gardiner: Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Conway Maritime Press, London 1979, ISBN 0-8517-7133-5 .
- René Greger: The Russian fleet in the First World War 1914–1917. JF Lehmanns, Munich 1970, ISBN 3-46900-303-3 .