Vsadnik class
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 The Russian destroyer Ussuriyets |
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| Class details | |
| Ship type: | destroyer |
| Builders: | Friedrich Krupp-Germaniawerft, Kiel Mosostr, Helsingfors |
| Period of service: | 1906-1947 |
| Units: | 4th |
| Technical specifications | |
| Length: | 71.86 m |
| Width: | 7.5 m |
| Draft: | 2.5 m |
| Displacement : | Construction: 570 t maximum approx. 750 t |
| Drive: |
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| Speed: | 26.0 kn |
| Range: | 460–623 nm at 25 kn 1,270–2,510 nm at 14 kn |
| Fuel supply: | |
| Armament: |
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| Crew: | 90 men |
The Vsadnik class ( Russian Всадник for rider ) was a class of Russian destroyers of the Baltic fleet of Tsarist Russia, which was ordered during the Russo-Japanese War in October 1904 to replace war losses. The funds for the construction of the Vzadnik class were made available by the Committee for Strengthening the Russian Fleet through voluntary contributions , which also took on the award of the contract. All four boats survived the First World War .
Torpedo cruiser
Until October 10, 1907, the first real destroyers of the Imperial Russian Navy were designated as torpedo cruisers (Минные крейсера).
draft
Since the Russian Baltic Sea shipyards were busy with armaments contracts and the capabilities of the mechanical engineering industry were also very limited, the Russian Navy turned to foreign contracts or subcontracting. Renowned shipbuilding companies were commissioned with the project creation, the boiler and machine production or the prefabrication of the entire shipbuilding material.
The F. Krupp Germania shipyard in Kiel received the order for the Wsadnik class , but due to the lack of helm capacity it only built the first two boats and prefabricated all of the material for the other two. This was then transferred to Helsingfors and assembled at the Mosostr shipyard there. In terms of size and combat power, the boats were among the first "real" destroyers of the Russian Navy. Outstanding features of the class were the pronounced ramming stem, the high-rise bridge and the rounded cruiser stern. On the whole, they represented a slightly reduced version of the Okhotnik class . The Vsadnik class was the last class of the Baltic fleet with piston engines as a drive.
The original design provided for only two 75 mm and six 57 mm guns, with a mine-laying device for 20 mines. Due to the war experience in 1904/05, the armament was increased to two 102 mm guns during an intensive overhaul of the four boats in 1910–1911 at the Lange & Sohn shipyard in Riga and anti- aircraft armament was also installed.
A parallel development was the Emir Bucharski class , which the Schichau-Werke designed and for which they manufactured parts, but all four of which were built in Russian shipyards. You yourself supplied the replicas of the smaller kit class . In total, the Imperial Russian Navy received 24 similar destroyers according to German plans. Vulcan was behind the eight Ukraina-class destroyers and the four Finland-built Okhotnik-class destroyers . The Germania shipyard in Kiel planned the four destroyers of the Wsadnik class, two of which they built themselves, and planned the four similar boats of the Lieutenant Shestakov class for the Black Sea.
The 24 destroyers are also referred to by the Russian side as the Dobrowolez (volunteer) class, which takes the name of the procuring committee for the reinforcement of the Russian fleet through voluntary contributions .
Variant for the Black Sea Fleet
The similar destroyers of the Leitenant-Shestakov-class (Russian: "Лейтенант Шестаков") for the Black Sea were derived from the Germania draft, four of which were completed in 1909. All were built in Nikolaev . They were slightly larger with a maximum of 850 t and last carried two 120 mm L / 45 guns and up to 50 mines.
Boats and Fates
| ship | Shipyard | Keel laying | Launch | Commissioning | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Vsadnik December 31, 1922 Sladkov |
F. Krupp Germania shipyard, Kiel |
July 31, 1904 | September 6, 1905 | June 1906 | During the First World War, the boat was used in the Baltic Sea to guard the mine barriers in the Riga Bay and was involved in the battles in August 1915 and October 1917 . In April 1918 it was interned by German units in Helsinki, but after the peace of Brest-Litovsk in May 1918 it was released to Kronstadt. It left the fleet in July 1928 and was immediately scrapped. |
| Gaidamak | F. Krupp Germania shipyard, Kiel |
July 31, 1904 | November 14, 1905 | June 1906 | During the First World War, the boat was used in the Baltic Sea to guard the mine barriers in the Riga Bay and was involved in the battles in August 1915 and October 1917 . It was reclassified as a guard boat on October 21, 1919, withdrew from the fleet in November 1923 and was not scrapped until 1927. |
|
Amurez December 31, 1922 Zheleznyakov |
Mosostr, Helsingfors |
May 18, 1904 | Late 1905 | 1907 | During the First World War, the boat was used in the Baltic Sea to guard the mine barriers in the Riga Bay and was involved in the fighting in August 1915 , during which it was hit by a mine, and in October 1917 . It was reclassified as an escort and courier ship in 1926 and withdrew from the fleet in January 1935. It was then taken over by the paramilitary organization OSSOAWIACHIM for possible use as a block ship, which had it scrapped in 1947. |
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Ussuriyets December 31, 1922 Roshal |
Mosostr, Helsingfors |
Spring 1904 | 1905 | 1907 | During the First World War, the boat was used in the Baltic Sea to guard the mine barriers in the Riga Bay and was involved in the battles in August 1915 and October 1917 . It was decommissioned in 1926 and scrapped in 1927. |
literature
- Harald Fock: Black journeymen. Vol. 2 Destroyers up to 1914. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1981, ISBN 3-7822-0206-6 .
- Harald Fock: Z-before! Vol. 1 International development and war missions of destroyers and torpedo boats 1914 to 1939. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1998, ISBN 3-7822-0207-4 .
- Robert Gardiner: Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Conway Maritime Press, London 1979, ISBN 0-85177-133-5 .
- René Greger: The Russian fleet in the First World War 1914–1917. JF Lehmanns, Munich 1970, ISBN 3-469-00303-3 .
Web links
- Vsadnik class (Russian) ( Memento from June 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- Lt. Shestakov class (Russian) ( Memento from May 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ The shipyard has very different names in different sources: so Fock calls it Mosostr in Black Journeyman Vol. 2 , in Conway it is called Broberg and Russian sources only speak of Машино- и моторостроительный завод ("Machine and Engine Works")