Ukraina class
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1.jpg) The Russian destroyer Ukraina |
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| Class details | |
| Ship type: | destroyer |
| Shipyard | Lange & Böcker, Reval |
| Period of service: | 1905-1964 |
| Units: | 8th |
| Technical specifications | |
| Length: | 73.15 m |
| Width: | 7.16 m |
| Draft: | 2.3 m |
| Displacement : | Construction: 600 t maximum approx. 730 t |
| Drive: |
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| Speed: | 26.0 kn |
| Range: | 206 nm at 25 kn 600 nm at 12 kn |
| Fuel supply: | |
| Armament: |
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| Crew: | 82 men |
The Ukraina class ( Russian Украина for Ukraine ) was a class of Russian destroyers of the Baltic fleet of Tsarist Russia, which was ordered in three lots from the Lange & Böcker shipyard in Riga during the Russo-Japanese War and between May 1905 and August 1906 when torpedo cruiser came into service. The funds for building the class were made available by the Committee for Strengthening the Russian Fleet through voluntary contributions , which also took on the award of the contract. In October 1907, the eight boats were reclassified as destroyers.
draft
In terms of size and combat power , the boats were among the first "real" destroyers of the Russian Navy. The most prominent features of the class were the pronounced ramming stem, the high-rise bridge and the rounded cruiser stern. The boats were the first three-chimney destroyers in the Russian fleet. The original design provided for only two 75 mm and four 57 mm guns, with a mine-laying device not being provided. Due to the war experience, the armament was immediately unified to two 102 mm guns and a stronger caliber was chosen.
In order to be able to carry out the order at very short notice as requested, the Lange & Böcker shipyard hired a hundred skilled workers from AG Vulcan Stettin . Due to internal unrest, such as the Russian Revolution in 1905 , which also affected the shipyard, the completion of some boats was delayed considerably.
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In total, the Imperial Russian Navy received 24 similar destroyers according to German plans. Vulcan was behind the eight Ukraina-class destroyers and the four Finland-built Okhotnik-class destroyers . The Germania shipyard in Kiel planned the four destroyers of the Wsadnik class , two of which they built itself, and the four similar boats of the Leitenant-Schestakow class for the Black Sea. The Schichau works planned the four destroyers of the Emir Bucharski class and provided the replicas of the Kit-class .
These 24 destroyers are also referred to by the Russian side as the Dobrowolez (volunteer) class, which takes the name of the procuring committee for the reinforcement of the Russian fleet through voluntary contributions .
commitment
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During the First World War, the eight boats served in the I. Mining Division of the main fleet in the Baltic Sea and were involved in the battles in August 1915 around the Riga Bay. On June 13, 1916, the eight destroyers secured the second combat group with the armored cruiser Rurik and the protected cruisers Oleg and Bogatyr in search of a German Lulea escort off the Swedish coast. During the second major attack by the Germans and the occupation of the Baltic Islands in autumn 1917 , seven destroyers of the class were used as the V. Torpedo Boat Destroyer Division under Captain 1st Rank Jekimow. The only thing missing was Kazanez, who had meanwhile been lost to a mine hit .
Despite only one loss in the war, only the three boats of the Caspian Flotilla , which were moved to the Caspian Sea in 1919, remained in service longer. Classified as gunboats from 1926 onwards , they remained in service until 1949 and were only canceled between 1958 and 1964.
Boats and Fates
| ship | Keel laying | Launch | in service | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Ukraina June 15, 1920 Karl Marx December 31, 1922 Markin March 25, 1923 Ukraina February 29, 1924 Bakinski Rabotschi |
03/26/1904 | October 4, 1904 | 05/18/1905 | ( Russian Украйна ) In October 1919 the boat moved over the Russian inland waterway network to the Caspian Sea and was reclassified there in 1926 as a gunboat. The decommissioning took place in July 1961 and from August 1964 the scrapping began. |
|
Woiskowoi June 15, 1920 Friedrich Engels March 25, 1923 Markin |
03/26/1904 | 11/26/1904 | 06/16/1905 | ( Russian Войсковой ) In October 1919, the boat moved over the Russian inland waterway network to the Caspian Sea and was reclassified there in 1926 as a gunboat. The decommissioning took place in July 1949 and from June 1958 the scrapping began. |
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Turkmenets Stavropolski October 19, 1908 Truchmenets June 15, 1920 Mirsa Kuschuk December 31, 1922 Old father May 4, 1945 Sovietsky Dagestan 1949 DOSAAF |
03/26/1904 | 02/18/1905 | 07/11/1905 | ( Russian Трухменец ) Ordered on October 15, 1917 with the sister ship Stereguschtschi and the destroyer Amurez to secure the ship of the line Graschdanin , formerly Zessarewitsch , from Kuiwast ( Moon ) to Zerel on the Irbenstrasse . Since the Germans had already passed this, from Kuressaare / Arensburg march back to Moon-Sund . There she shot a torpedo at the abandoned Slava , which was sunk as a block ship in the shipping canal. In October 1919, the boat moved over the Russian inland waterway network to the Caspian Sea, where it was reclassified as a gunboat in 1926. The decommissioning took place in July 1949 and from July 1962 the scrapping began. |
| Kazanets | 03/26/1904 | 05/11/1905 | 05/16/1906 | ( Russian Казанец ) On October 28, 1916 the boat sank after the detonation of a by the German submarine SM UC 27 near the island of Odensholm on 4th / 5th. October 1916 laid mine with the loss of 45 men. |
| Stereguschtschi | 08/20/1904 | 4.07.1905 | 05/17/1906 | ( Russian Стерегущий ) Ordered on October 15, 1917 with the sister ship Turkmenez Stavropolski and the destroyer Amurez to secure the liner Graschdanin from Kuiwast (Mohn) to Zerel on the Irben Strait . Since the Germans had already passed this, they took part in the evacuation of Russian troops from Ösel . In April 1921 the boat was removed from the fleet list due to its condition and was scrapped in 1924. |
| Straschny | 08/20/1904 | 5.01.1906 | 05/22/1906 | ( Russian Страшный ) In April 1921 it was removed from the fleet list due to its condition and was scrapped in 1924. |
| Donskoy Kazak | October 18, 1904 | 03/10/1906 | 07/19/1906 | ( Russian: Донской казак ) On August 22, 1916, the boat was hit by a mine in Irbenstrasse , and the entire stern was torn away; however, it could be repaired. In April 1921 it was removed from the fleet list due to its condition and broken up in 1924. |
| Sabaikalz | October 18, 1904 | 04/27/1906 | 1.08.1906 | ( Russian Забайкалец ) In April 1921, it was removed from the fleet list due to its condition and scrapped in 1924. |
literature
- Harald Fock: Black journeymen. Volume 2 Destroyer until 1914. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1981, ISBN 3-7822-0206-6 .
- Harald Fock: Z-before! Volume 1 International Development and War Operations of Destroyers and Torpedo Boats 1914 to 1939 . Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1998, ISBN 3-7822-0207-4 .
- Robert Gardiner: Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860-1905. Conway Maritime Press, London 1979, ISBN 0-85177-133-5
- Robert Gardiner: Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Conway Maritime Press, London 1985, ISBN 0-85177-245-5 .
- René Greger: The Russian fleet in the First World War 1914–1917. JF Lehmanns, Munich 1970, ISBN 3-469-00303-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ the shipyard has very different names in different sources: so Lange & Böcker, Böcker & Lange, Lange & Sohn, Becker & Co or just as Акционерное общество либавских железоделательных их сталеливозейх
- ↑ Harald Fock: Black journeymen. Vol. 2 Destroyers until 1914. P. 176.
- ↑ Harald Bendert: The UC boats of the Imperial Navy 1914-1918. Mine warfare with submarines. ES Mittler, Berlin / Bonn 2001, p. 107