Opuntia stricta
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Opuntia stricta is a species of plant in the genus Opuntia ( Opuntia ) from the cactus family(Cactaceae). The specific epithet stricta means '(Latin strictus) tight, tight, tight, stiff, firm'. The species was distributed worldwide by humans andbecame a weed- fought plaguein Australia in the late 19th century. Common names are “Coastal Prickly Pear” and “Yaaxpakan”.
description
Opuntia stricta grows shrubby, elongated to somewhat upright and reaches heights of 0.5 to 3.5 meters. The bald, flattened, egg-shaped to inverted-egg-shaped, at the base tapered shoot sections are blue-green. They are 10 to 25 inches long and 6 to 25 inches wide. The brownish areoles are far apart. They have striking, yellow glochids that are 2 to 6 millimeters long. The 1 to 5 awl, flattened, slightly barbed thorns are yellow. They are perpendicular to the surface of the shoots and are 0.5 to 5 centimeters long.
The yellow to yellowish orange flowers reach a length of 5 to 6 centimeters and a diameter of 4 to 6 centimeters. The purple-red, smooth fruits are inverted egg-shaped and tapered at the base. They are 2.5 to 3.5 inches long and covered with copious glochids.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22, 44 or 66.
Distribution, systematics and endangerment
Opuntia stricta is common in the southeastern United States, eastern Mexico, and Cuba . The species was distributed worldwide by humans.
The first description as Cactus strictus was published in 1803 by Adrian Hardy Haworth . In 1812 he placed the species in the genus Opuntia .
In the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN , the species is listed as " Least Concern (LC) ". H. listed as not endangered. The development of the population is seen as increasing.
proof
literature
- Opuntia stricta . In: Edward F. Anderson : The Cactus Family . Timber Press: Portland (Oregon), 2001, pp. 520 f. ISBN 0-88192-498-9 .
- Opuntia stricta Haworth In: NL Britton , JN Rose : The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family . Washington, 1919, Volume I, pp. 161 f.
Individual evidence
- ^ Opuntia stricta at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Miscellanea naturalia: sive dissertationes variæ ad historiam naturalem spectantes . London 1803, p. 188 (online)
- ↑ Synopsis plantarum succulentarum cum descriptionibus synonymis locis, observationibus anglicanis culturaque . London 1812 (online) .
- ↑ Opuntia stricta in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2014.3. Posted by: Durán, R., Gómez-Hinostrosa, C., Hernández, HM, Tapia, JL, Terrazas, T. & Loaiza, C., 2013. Retrieved January 11, 2015.
further reading
- LC Foxcroft, M. Rouget, DM Richardson, S. MacFadyen: Reconstructing 50 years of Opuntia stricta invasions in the Kruger National Park, South Africa: environmental determinants and propagule pressure . In: Diversity and Distributions . Volume 10, Number 5-6, 2004, pp. 427-437, DOI: 10.1111 / j.1366-9516.2004.00117.x .
- A. Monteiro, VM Cheia, T. Vasconcelos, I. Moreira: Management of the invasive species Opuntia stricta in a Botanical Reserve in Portugal . In: Weed Research . Volume 45, Number 3, 2005, pp. 193-201, DOI: 10.1111 / j.1365-3180.2005.00453.x
- Meredith Robbins, Tom EX Miller: Patterns of Ant Activity on Opuntia stricta (Cactaceae), a Native Host-Plant of the Invasive Cactus Moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) . In: Florida Entomologist . Volume 92, number 2, 2009, pp. 391-393, DOI: 10.1653 / 024.092.0231 .
