Palaeonisciformes

Palaeonisciformes
	Fossil of Palaeoniscum freilebeni from the Upper Permian
Temporal occurrence
	Lower Devon to Lower Cretaceous
Systematics
	Neumünder (Deuterostomia)
	Chordates (chordata)
	Vertebrates (vertebrata)
	Jaw mouths (Gnathostomata)
	Ray fins (Actinopterygii)
	Palaeonisciformes
Scientific name
	Palaeonisciformes
	Hay , 1902

The Palaeonisciformes are an extinct, long-lived group of primeval bony fish from the class of the ray fins (Actinopterygii). They lived from the Lower Devonian to the Lower Cretaceous .

features

They were predatory fish with large cracks in their mouths, sharp teeth and large eyes set far forward. The scales of the Palaeonisciformes consisted of three layers, with bones layered at the bottom, dentin in the middle with pores and on the outside tooth enamel . The cheekbones had grown together in primitive shapes. The tail was heterocerk , but in younger forms the upper caudal fin lobe was almost the same size as the lower. The fin rays are branched and resemble scales.

In the course of their evolution, the morphology of several side branches of the Palaeonisciformes became more and more similar to that of the primitive Neopterygii .

etymology

(Greek) palai (o) - "old-, ur-", oniskos (= Latin asellus ) "donkey", also names of various popular food fish, e.g. B. Lipped fish and parrot fish (also in the Middle Ages and humanism).

Systematics

Amblypterus macropterus

Gonatodus brainerdi

literature

Joseph S. Nelson , Terry C. Grande, Mark VH Wilson: Fishes of the World. Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2016, ISBN 978-1118342336 .
Textbook of special zoology. Volume 2: Dietrich Starck (Ed.): Vertebrates. Part 2: Kurt Fiedler: Fish. Fischer, Jena 1991, ISBN 3-334-00338-8 .

Web links

Commons : Palaeonisciformes - collection of images, videos and audio files

Tree of Life Web Project. 2006. Palaeonisciformes. Version 09 August 2006 (temporary). in The Tree of Life Web Project
The Paleobiology Database Palaeonisciformes