Palais Nesselrode

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
West wing of Palais Nesselrode as the point de vue of Citadellstrasse, 2011
Palais Nesselrode on Schulstrasse, photo 1910
Palais Nesselrode, 1911
Formation of the ceiling, wall paneling and floor of the former ladies' room on the upper floor
Upper floor plan, details of ceilings, stairs and floors, etc.

The Palais Nesselrode at Schulstrasse 4 and Hafenstrasse 2 in Düsseldorf - Carlstadt is a historic city ​​palace . The brick house, which was damaged in the Second World War and has two main floors and one floor in the mansard roof , was rebuilt and now houses the Hetjens Museum . Its three-part system, which consists of two pavilion-like wings connected by a narrow central section, is arranged irregularly around a small courtyard . For building which served Benrath castle in the style of Rococo - Classicism as a model. The semi-detached house at Schulstrasse 4 and Hafenstrasse 2 formed the “only courtyard complex in Düsseldorf that is open to the street”.

history

The house belonged to Count von Nesselrode zu Ehreshoven . When Düsseldorf was the capital of the Grand Duchy of Berg under Napoleon , in 1809 it partially served the purposes of the prefecture of the Rhine department . During the wars of freedom , the palace was the headquarters of the Danish army corps. The city then bought it and had the house completely renovated. In 1911 a little seamstress lived in the former ballroom on the upper floor of the palace, and a small adjoining room served as a workshop. In the lower house, some halls had been divided into several rooms for smaller families by thin walls. The building has been preserved and is now a listed building.

Building description

Hans Müller-Schlösser describes the architecture of the palace: It was considered the “large, stately house number 4”, although the interior architecture of the palace was almost completely preserved. The building had tall windows with greenish glass and a large hallway paved with flagstones. A wide staircase that led to the ballroom on the upper floor showed an "artistically curved, hand-made railing that the master craftsman of the time seemed to have made for eternity". The ballroom was still characterized by the "magnificent, old parquet floor", which had been completely preserved. This consisted of “ebony, oak and mother-of-pearl plates. These three materials are put together in the most delicate way to create original flower ornaments. In no house in Düsseldorf will you find the same or even a similar parquet floor today ”. The “old, simple stucco ceiling” was papered over. The old, precious wallpaper on the walls - "probably old, hand-painted Empire originals " - had been spoiled by a master painter.

Hans Vogts describes the palace, which was characterized by "its excellent spatial arrangement". The staircase was a hallmark of the Düsseldorf interior design of the time, the "light-flooded staircase [was] typical of the Düsseldorf art of housing."

Paul Sültenfuß describes in particular. It shows a classicist drawing of the frame, the consoles, profiles, especially the rosettes in cassettes in the bottom view of the portal crown. This portal is influenced by Benrath Castle and the portal of the St. Andrew's Church .

According to Ferber, the stables and coach houses were in the courtyard of the building opposite, Citadellstrasse 3. The harbor was once located behind the palace. The location of the port and the course of Hafenstrasse and Schulstrasse resulted in the acute-angled building site.

The left wing of the double house formed the end of the Citadellstrasse which flows into it. The construction, however, extended beyond the width of Citadellstrasse, so the five axes that still fell into the street scene were summarized at the top in a “separate pavilion-like roof solution”: “A very happy solution in terms of urban planning”.

The middle connecting wing of the courtyard at the rear and the right side building of Hafenstrasse previously had a mansard roof, which was replaced by a third floor. The increase destroyed the uniform appearance: "The previously closed beautiful picture has not been insignificantly affected".

Classicist pillars framed the courtyard. An outside staircase led from the courtyard on the left into the main building, into a large vestibule . From there the stairwell could be reached. At the side one came into a reception room, then, on the street side, into a hall and into a third room.

From the rear location of the utility and kitchen rooms, it can be assumed that one of the two rooms on the street side, to the side of the reception room, was used as a dining room.

Above the vestibule on the upper floor was the small hall, which also served as a dining room for larger parties. Adjacent to this were the ladies' room, the great hall and the master's room.

On the other side of the stairwell, towards the harbor, were various bedrooms above the lower utility rooms. The parquet floors and the stately rooms were remarkable.

The wing on Hafenstrasse to the right of the courtyard was intended as guest quarters. This had entrances both from Hafenstrasse and from the inner courtyard of the two wing buildings. Like the entrance to the main building on the left, it had its own vestibule in the middle connecting wing. From there a narrow corridor ran to the stairwell of the central building, from there a passage to the vestibule of the left wing building.

On the upper floor of the central building there were rooms for servants and servants. The palace originally consisted of two separate buildings. The house on the left reached as far as the breakthrough to the stairwell of the connecting wing and had a small farmyard for the utility rooms at the rear behind the large stairwell.

The influence of Schloss Benrath on the interior of the Nesselroder Hof was significant. So for the ladies' room in the side wing and the stairwell.

“The same charm lies above the small ladies' room in one of the wings of the Nesselroder Hof Hafenstrasse. 2 (Plate 37). Compare the simple rectangular wall panels, the chimney structure, ceilings and ceiling decorations with the aforementioned rooms at Benrath! The large staircase of the opposite wing, Schulstr. 4 […] show a related rectangular wall division and the grate and wall decorations on the ceilings of both houses must also be associated with Benrath Castle. The great craftsmanship of this time is shown above all in the solid execution of the parquet floors of the Nesselroder Hof, in the first place in the large hall on the first floor: (Plate 36) a rosette inlay in a checkerboard pattern made of hornbeam and red beech, maple and mother-of-pearl. One cf. so that the [...] drawing of the floors in the main rooms of the Benrath Castle and also the floor in front of the fireplace in the Pempelfort house, where, by the way, the solution of the attic room above the pavilion of the protruding garden hall is closely related to the Benrath attic rooms (Plate 43) . [...] The staircase of the main wing of the Nesselroder Hof together with the high windows is one of the most beautiful spatial structures of Karl Theodor's time in Düsseldorf and the staircase itself with its decoration such as the arrangement of the entry steps and the insertion of the steps in the cheeks and the gradient ratio is probably the most elegant and comfortable of its kind in town. Since the formation of the stairwell as a uniform spatial structure is one of the characteristic factors of the architecture of the 18th century, I tried to draw a historical compilation of staircases and Düsseldorf houses in relation to a better overview. "

literature

  • Theo Lücker: Stones speak. Small signpost through Düsseldorf's old town. Verlag T. Ewers, Düsseldorf 1977, pp. 113-114 [No. 58 The Nesselrod'sche Palais].

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hugo Weidenhaupt (Ed.): Düsseldorf history from the origins to the 20th century. Volume 2 From the royal seat to the official city (1614–1900). Schwann 1988, ISBN 3-491-34222-8 , p. 76.
  2. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 92.
  3. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 80f.
  4. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 79.
  5. ↑ Hans Müller-Schlösser: The beautiful old Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf 1911, p. 101.
  6. ↑ Hans Müller-Schlösser: The beautiful old Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf 1911, p. 101.
  7. ↑ Hans Vogts : Das Bürgerhaus in der Rheinprovinz , Düsseldorf 1929, p. 322. (from the series: Association of German Architects and Engineering Associations (ed.): The community center in the German Empire and in its border areas , printing and publishing house L.Schwann In Dusseldorf).
  8. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 92.
  9. ↑ H. Ferber; In: Historical walk through the old city of Düsseldorf , published by the Düsseldorfer Geschichtsverein; Verlag C. Kraus, 1889, Part II, p. 78.
  10. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 80.
  11. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 80.
  12. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 80.
  13. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 80f.
  14. ^ Paul Sültenfuß: The Düsseldorf house until the middle of the 19th century . In addition table work in large folio with 75 sheets, Aachen 1922, p. 79f.
  15. ↑ Weidenhaupt76
  16. ↑ Sültefuss, p. 92

Coordinates: 51 ° 13 '26.3 "  N , 6 ° 46' 15.7"  E