Nesselrode (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those
of Nesselrode

Nesselrode is the name of a Bergisch noble family . The gentlemen of Nesselrode belong to the primeval nobility of Grafschaft Berg . Branches of the family still exist today. For the Count Droste zu Vischering von Nesselrode-Reichenstein, who descended through a daughter line, see Droste zu Vischering .

There was probably no relationship to the extinct noble family von Nesselröden .

history

origin

The family is first mentioned in a document in September 1303 with the knight Heinrich Flecke von Nesselrode as the feudal man of Deutz Abbey . A descent from Albert Sobbe von Leysiefen is likely. The main seat that gave its name was Nesselrath Castle on the Wupper near Leichlingen . 1335 becomes the son of Heinrich Flecke von Nesselrode , Flecke von Nesselrode , feudal man of Count Rainald II. Von Geldern . In 1368 the knight Johann von Nesselroide appears , who appears and seals the feudal man of the Counts of Berg .

Nesselrath Castle , the original family seat
Ehreshoven Castle , owned by Nesselrode for over 500 years
Herrnstein Castle , owned by the family since 1436
Herten Castle , the seat of the Nesselrode-Reichenstein line for almost 300 years
Hugenpoet Castle , 1508–1831 seat of the Nesselrode-Hugenpoēt
Lüttinghof house , owned by the family from 1615–1727

Lines and possessions

Wilhelm von Nesselrode († 1389 or 1399?) Married Jutta von Grafschaft , daughter of Adolf von Grafschaft zu Ehreshoven and Jutta von Sayn . Through this marriage he became lord of Ehreshoven near Engelskirchen in what is today the Oberbergischer Kreis and co- lord of Stein. His sons Johann the Elder zu Stein and Johann the Younger zu Ehreshoven were the progenitors of the two main lines Stein-Reichenstein and Ehreshoven.

Members of the Stein-Reichensteiner line received the office of hereditary marshal and treasurer of the Duchy of Berg as early as 1481 . The son of Johann the Elder of Nesselrode zum Stein and Katharina von Gehmen, Wilhelm († 1499), married Elisabeth Nyt von Bürgel and in 1478 received the imperial county of Rheydt . His great-grandchildren, the imperial barons Bertram and Johann Matthias von Nesselrode, founded two further branches of the family. Bertram († 1678), Lord of Herten , Stein and Ehrenstein , electoral Cologne privy councilor and governor of Vest Recklinghausen , was the progenitor of the Reichenstein line. He was married to Lucie Countess von Hatzfeld . Baron Franz von Nesselrode-Reichenstein his son imperial chamberlain and chancellor in the Bishopric of Münster , 1698 acquired the rich direct rule Reichenstein and received in 1702 the imperial estate shaft seat and a vote in the Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Graf College . With the death of his son Franz Wilhelm Anton, governor in Vest Recklinghausen, on September 22, 1776, this branch went out. The founder of the Landscron line, Johann Matthias, was married to Elisabeth von Wylich . From this marriage came the Freiherr Johann Wilhelm von Nesselrode, who received the rule of Landscron through marriage to Franziska Margaretha von Brempt, heir daughter of Johann von Brempt. His grandson, Count Johann Wilhelm († 1800), after the Reichensteiner Line had expired in 1776, was able to acquire their imperial property and inherit the seat in the Westphalian Counts College. The line died out in 1824 with Franz Joseph (* 1755) in the male line .

In § 24 of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 25, 1803, the Counts of Nesselrode-Reichenstein was granted a pension of 206 guilders for Burgfey and Mechernich . Franz Joseph's daughter Maria Carolina (* 1776), from her marriage to Felicitas Johanna Countess von Manderscheidt-Blanckenheim , married Johann Felix Bernhard Freiherr Droste zu Vischering in 1799 . His son Felix was made a universal heir by his maternal grandfather, Johann Franz Joseph von Nesselrode-Reichenstein († 1824). The name, the coat of arms and the goods of the Nesselrode-Landscron / Reichenstein line therefore passed to the Droste zu Vischering family after the death of Maria Carolina on January 21, 1858. Today they bear the double name Count Droste zu Vischering von Nesselrode Reichenstein .

The founder of the Ehreshoven main line, Johann the Younger zu Ehreshoven, was married to Helene von Bock. His descendants were bailiffs and councilors in Bergisch services and canons and canons in Rhenish , Westphalian and Liège cathedral monasteries . Wilhelm Franz († 1732) was canon of Liège and Paderborn , provost of Münster and Stuhlweissenburg and, since 1703, bishop of Fünfkirchen . Franz Karl († 1750), Imperial Real Privy Councilor, received indigenous status in Hungary on November 20, 1729 . His son Karl Franz († 1798), jülich-bergischer Chancellor and Electoral Palatinate secret State was, from 1776 to 1794 Electoral Palatinate governor of Julich-Berg. He associated with Goethe and promoted the public libraries. In Düsseldorf he ran the Palais Nesselrode and was protector of the electoral art academy . His younger brother Wilhelm became the Russian ambassador in Lisbon and Berlin . His son Karl Robert von Nesselrode (* 1780; † 1862) was the Russian Chancellor and one of the leading diplomats of the 19th century. The Ehreshoven rule received the cooperative of the Rhenish knightly nobility to establish a "pen for unmarried Catholic noble ladies" from Maria von Nesselrode (* 1853; † 1920).

Another Johann von Nesselrode was 1508 Hugenpoet invested . His descendants Johann and Wilhelm founded the Nesselrode-Hugenpoēt line, which still exists today in Bavaria and the Netherlands . From the line came u. a. a great-great-great-grandmother of the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , Johanna, who in 1670 Bernhard III. von Droste-Hülshoff (1634–1700) married. Her granddaughter, in turn, Richmod von Droste zu Hülshoff (1704–1715), married Christian von Nesselrode-Hugenpoet, a general in Austrian service. Also from this branch came among others Johann Leopold Freiherr von Nesselrode-Hugenpoēt († 1768), Vicar General zu Speyer and the Bavarian General Maximilian Freiherr von Nesselrode-Hugenpoēt (* 1804; † 1886).

Status surveys

In the course of time members of the various lines have received numerous rankings .

The family gained importance through their victorious approach at the Battle of Worringen in 1288. Seven Junker Nesselrode were then Duke John I of Brabant the Knights defeated.

From the Ehreshoven line, Philipp Wilhelm von Nesselrode was raised to Thumb and Ehreshoven to the status of imperial baron on July 3, 1653 . As Hereditary Marshal of the Duchy of Berg and Director of the Bergische Knighthood he received the Hungarian Indigenous on November 12, 1695 in Vienna . His brother Wilhelm Franz Johann Bertram von Nesselrode, who also received the title of imperial baron on July 3, 1653, was raised to the rank of imperial count on September 4, 1710, together with his nephew Franz Karl Freiherr von Nesselrode. Franz Carl Graf von Nesselrode received the Hungarian indigenous state on November 20, 1729 as chamberlain and stable master . Karl Robert Graf von Nesselrode, who later became the Imperial Russian Privy Councilor and Reich Chancellor, was enrolled in the Courland Knighthood on April 21, 1817. His son Dimitri Graf von Nesselrode, Imperial Russian Chamberlain , Councilor of State and Chief Chamberlain , received Russian recognition of the title of Count on November 24, 1864.

From the Stein line, the brothers Bertram von Nesselrode zum Stein and Matthias von Nesselrode zu Rath received the old imperial baron status on October 14, 1652 in Prague . A confirmation of the imperial baron status for Franz Freiherr von Nesselrode, son of Bertram and electoral Cologne councilor and governor of Vest Recklinghausen, took place on August 3, 1685 in Vienna. On October 3, 1702 he was raised to the rank of imperial count. Johann Salentin Wilhelm Freiherr von Nesselrode and Rhade, Imperial Lieutenant Colonel , received the title of Imperial Count with von Landscron in Vienna on September 4, 1710. His son Johann Franz Graf von Nesselrode-Landscron, imperial chamberlain, privy councilor and general field warden , was accepted into the Lower Austrian Landsmannschaft in 1731 and into the Upper Austrian Landsmannschaft in 1734.

From the line Nesselrode-Hugenpoet the were on 22 August 1814 the baron class Adelsmatrikel in the Kingdom of Bavaria Carl-Theodor Freiherr von Nesselrode-Hugenpoet, royal-Bavarian Major, and his brother Maximilian Freiherr von Nesselrode-Hugenpoet, later Royal Bavarian Major General , registered. Carl Anselm Franz Freiherr von Nesselrode-Hugenpoēt, royal Bavarian captain , was also enrolled in the baron class on March 26, 1822 .

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a silver alternating pinnacle bar in red with four pinnacles above and three below. On the helmet there is a red bracken hull with a battlements on the neck . The helmet covers are red-silver.

Name bearer

Karl Robert von Nesselrode
(* 1780; † 1862)

literature

See also

Web links

Commons : Nesselrode (noble family)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Historical Archive of the City of Cologne , Deutzer Documents 11.
  2. ↑ Niederau 1957, columns 90 and 91.
  3. ↑ Niederau 1957, column 42.
  4. ↑ Düsseldorf City Archives, Jülich-Bergische Urkunden 820.
  5. ^ Gerhard Köbler : Historical Lexicon of the German Lands. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 459.
  6. ↑ J. Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. Münster iW 1869, p. 179
  7. ↑ 900 years of Droste zu Hülshoff . Verlag LPV Hortense von Gelmini, Horben 2018, ISBN 978-3-936509-16-8