Marija Dmitrijewna Nesselrode

Marija Dmitrijewna Nesselrode ( Jean-Baptiste Isabey , 1814)

Marija Dmitrievna Nesselrode , born Marija Dmitrievna Gurjewa (, Russian Мария Дмитриевна Нессельроде , maiden name Russian Мария Дмитриевна Гурьева ; born June 2, ^jul. / 13. June  1786 ^greg. , † 6. August 1849 in Gastein ) was a Russian influential maid .

Life

Marija Dmitrijewna was the eldest daughter of the officer and later finance minister Dmitri Alexandrovich Guryev and received a home education. In 1802 she was appointed court maid .

In January 1812 Marija Dmitrijewna married the diplomat Count Karl Robert von Nesselrode , who had returned from Paris to St. Petersburg in October 1811 and was soon sent back to Paris. The Countess Nesselrode became a member of the council of the Patriotic Society for Charity, which was founded in December 1812 by the Empress Elisabeth Alexejewna after the French attack in 1812 . Each of the women on the Society's Council had to look after a district with a helper and a fundraiser. In 1816 she received the Russian Order of St. Catherine II Class. In 1836 she was appointed lady of state . She had three children Jelena, Dmitri and Marija.

Countess Nesselrode was one of the most influential ladies at the court of Nicholas I and with her sharp mind and iron character ruled the upper class of St. Petersburg society. She ran her own salon, which opened the way to higher society for selected guests. Modest Andrejewitsch von Korff described her as a domineering woman who was admired by many but had few friends and, unlike Count Alexander von Benckendorff, was more feared than loved because of her demeanor .

According to Prince Pavel Petrovich Vyasemsky , Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin hated Countess Nesselrode as the last representative of the cosmopolitan oligarchy hardly less than Faddei Wenediktowitsch Bulgarin . Countess Nesselrode Pushkin could not forgive the epigrams attributed to Pushkin to his father Dmitri Guryev. She took Baron Jacob van Heeckeren dead Enghuizen into her circle, whose adopted son Georges-Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès fatally injured Pushkin in a duel .

Countess Nesselrode was ascribed a strong influence on her husband's work. She also served as her husband's political agent. She spent a lot of time abroad and preferred the salons in Paris and Baden-Baden . In their letters, the Princess von Lieven and the Duchess von Sagan wrote that Countess Nesselrode had only come to Paris in 1841 because of important people in France , that she would not tolerate any competition and that she had only accepted Adolphe Thiers , who was on leave , in order to save the person from the To exclude the Princess of Lieven revered François Guizot .

Countess Nesselrode died of a stroke during a stay in Gastein . She was transferred to St. Petersburg and buried in the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in the Church of the Outpouring of the Holy Spirit .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Russkaja Literatura i Folklor: НЕССЕЛЬРОДЕ Мария Дмитриевна, урожд. графиня Гурьева, графиня (accessed August 8, 2019).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Elektronny Memorial: Нессельроде Мария Дмитриевна - Биография (accessed August 8, 2019).
3. ↑ Чуракова О .: Восторженницы и энтузиастки. Императорское женское патриотическое общество 1812 года . In: Родина . No. 7 , 2012, p. 73 .
4. ↑ Черейский Л. А .: Нессельроде Мария Дмитриевна . In: Современники Пушкина: Документальные очерки . Дет. лит., Leningrad 1981, p. 267 .
5. ↑ Щеголев П.Е .: Дуэль и смерть Пушкина. Исследование и материалы . Книга, Moscow 1987, p. 386-392 .
6. ↑ AS-Pushkin.ru: Александр Сергеевич Пушкин: Нессельроде Мария Дмитриевна (accessed August 8, 2019).
7. ↑ ^{a b} Таньшина Н .: Русский кисель на немецкой закваске. Неофициальный портрет Карла Нессельроде . In: Родина . No. 5 , 2009, p. 75-79 .