Droste to Hülshoff

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Coat of arms of Droste zu Hülshoff

Droste zu Hülshoff (also Droste-Hulshoff ) is one of the oldest noble families of Munster country , which as Erstbezeichnung the name of Deckenbrock led. Related to Dynastengeschlechtern , it is in spite of noble free descent at the same time the most famous of three still blooming Münster Erbmänner genders and also spread in the 16th century in Saxony , Prussia , Bavaria and Baden .

It is best known for one of the most important German poets of the 19th century, Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , and it has produced many Catholic clergy, councilors and merchants, mayors, landowners, generals, civil servants, scientists and artists.

Other extinct lines of the same noble family were the Droste zu Uhlenbrock, zu Handorf, zu Hofe, zu Möllenbeck and zu Zützen or simply Drost (e).

However, there is no tribal relationship to other Westphalian families with the name Droste, such as the Droste zu Vischering and the Droste zu Erwitte .

The name Droste

Truchsess / Drost on a medieval card game

The family name of all Droste families is derived from the Drosten 's office of the same name ; it was in the middle ages with the Hofamt of Steward , lat. dapifer , medium high German drotsete , identical. From the noble family of the barons Droste zu Hülshoff, the latter is the first family member to bear the title of knight Engelbert von ceilingbrock (1266–1298) in documents. Several noble families in Westphalia took over the name Droste from such offices, which became hereditary . There were only occasional relatives of these very different families: for example Anna Brigitta von Droste zu Hülshoff, the great-grandmother of the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, was a daughter of the "Erbdrosten" from the Droste zu Vischering family . The refusal of the dowry for this marriage was the cause of a legal dispute between the two families, which ended in 1737 with Maximilian Heidenreich Droste zu Vischering (1684-1751) his son-in-law Heinrich Wilhelm Droste zu Hülshoff (1704-1754 ), who came from a noble sex ) and his descendants u. a. had to assure that if his family died out, the Droste zu Hülshoff would inherit their property. These two noble families Droste are still flourishing. The name Droste (without an addition) occurs quite frequently in northern Germany, although it can also be a descent from illegitimate descendants of aristocratic families, but is mostly not verifiable. These families are not entitled to use the family coat of arms . The namesake of many schools, streets and cultural institutions with the name "Droste" - for example for the Droste-Hülshoff high schools - is mostly the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff.

Good Hülshoff

Hülshoff Castle , ancestral property of the family from 1417 to 2012

Hülshoff is the name of a moated castle and an estate in Havixbeck , Coesfeld district , North Rhine-Westphalia (before 1975 belonging to Roxel , Münster district), the name of which is derived from "Hülse", the name of a ministerial family to Kleve, that of the noble lords to Tecklenburg descended. The castle, the seat of the Barons Droste zu Hülshoff since 1417 , was brought into the newly established Annette von Droste zu Hülshoff Foundation by its last owner in 2012 .

Coat of arms of Droste zu Hülshoff in the Westphalian heraldic book

coat of arms

In black, a winged silver perch ; on the helmet with a black and silver blanket a silver fish trap . The motto is: E carcere coelestia appeto!

“Why is there a fish in the Drosten coat of arms? it means silence. The shield is black: that means: Honor is always compulsion. But winged? the able rises as if on a swing. Weapon trials in the field, intelligent probation in office. "

- Everwin from Droste to Hülshoff (1600)

history

origin

Heinrich I von Droste zu Hülshoff (1500–1570), equestrian relief Castle Hülshoff

Already almost 1000 years ago, in the 11th century, was first the later family seat, Hülshoff Castle, shortly thereafter as a possession of the noblemen of Deckenbrock also the original family seat Oberhof (Mark) Deckenbrock in Everswinkel in the district of Warendorf, called who, after a document of the Überwasser monastery (origin of the Überwasserkirche ) in Münster had to pay a fee. The family owned this "ancient" Oberhof and other farms as " free property " (without feudal rule ).

The origin of the noble lords of ceiling brook has not yet been finally clarified. It can be assumed that it is an old dynasty . Numerous lower courtyards are likely to have belonged to the Oberhof ceiling brook, some of which have been proven. The original seat is likely to have been the directly adjacent Borg house, on whose site, which originally belonged to the cathedral chapter of Münster and then to the Überwasser monastery, the fortified church of Everswinkel was founded as an "own church" as early as 867. Most likely it is a descent from the noblemen of Steinfurt , indirectly also from the Meinhövel . One tribe with this are the noble lords of Munster , with whom the equality of those ofdeckbrock has been proven through marriage. There are also indications for a possible descent from the Counts Tecklenburg , the noble lords of Rheda / noble lords to the Lippe or the von Hoerde .

More than 800 years ago (25 generations), Bernhard I began the secure line of succession of this family, which later belonged to the ministry of the Bishop of Münster as episcopal treasurer . Bernhard was a knight (miles) in a document of the abbess of the noble ladies pin to overwater in Münster , Westphalia, in 1209 as a witness de Bernhardus Thekenbroke , first mentioned, Lord of Oberhofes Deckenbrock. The participation of the above Bernhard vondeckebrock on the Third Crusade in the wake of the then Bishop of Münster Hermann II von Katzenelnbogen and thus of Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa is likely. In addition to the heraldic animal, the flying fish (analogous to the coat of arms of the Brockdorff family ), this is indicated by a family tradition according to which they had the ecclesiastical privilege of exemption from fasting because of their participation in the siege of Acre .

In 1266 the family with Engelbert voneckenbrock acquired the office of " Drosten " of the cathedral chapter of Münster for the first time , the offices of treasurer of the noble women's monastery founded by Bishop Hermann I (Münster) in Münster and of Burgmann in Ahaus . The cathedral chapter in particular owned large estates in the Münsterland at that time , which the Drost administered. With Alhard I. voneckenbrock , the aristocratic family took the name Droste in the 14th century after this office, which had been hereditary for three generations , with Johann IV. Droste zu Hülshoff, after the acquisition of Hülshoff Castle near Havixbeck, the name Droste zu Hülshoff . The common law guiding the Barons titels was 1843 Prussia approved.

Heirs, city councilors and mayors in Münster

The town hall of the town hall of Münster was built under Mayor Johann III. from Bettenbrock .

The noble family had left their ancestral seat ineckenbrock in the 13th century because the now powerful bishop and sovereign of Münster did not allow it to be fortified. She settled in the fortified city of Munster, mingled with the patricians called " Erbmänner " in Munster and acquired so-called "Erbmannshöfe". From the 13th century onwards there was also a relationship with leading families of the nobility such as B. the Lange , the dynasty of the Counts of Munster and the Morrien . The hereditary families mostly only married one another; the lords of the blanket brook / Droste zu Hülshoff married daughters from the hereditary families Travelmann, Schonebeck, Levendige, Kleihorst, Kerckerinck , Strick, Warendorp and Steveninck; they were also related several times to the Bischopinck . Until the middle of the 16th century in Münster (which at that time had approx. 10,000 inhabitants) only heirs were eligible as lay judges , members of the city ​​council and mayors . From the 13th to the 17th century, the ceiling brook / Droste zu Hülshoff provided numerous holders of these offices in Münster, which had been a Hanseatic city since the middle of the 13th century . Engelbert voneckenbrock (before 1266-1298) was the first family member to be a lay judge or city councilor in Münster. His son Johann III. voneckenbrock (1295–1349) held the office of mayor and judge of Münster in the years 1312–1313, 1321–1322, 1327, 1333 and 1337–1339. During his years of office, construction began on the town hall of the historic town hall , in which the Thirty Years' War was ended in 1648 by the Peace of Westphalia . The following are known as mayors of Münster: Johann IV. Droste zu Hülshoff (1381–1446), Johann VI. Droste zu Hülshoff (1430-1499), Johann VII. Droste zu Hülshoff (1467–1539), and Everwin II von Droste zu Handorf († 1535, negotiator of the city council at the beginning of the Anabaptist Empire ). Due to the destruction of the Münster city archives and the family archives by the Anabaptists, there is no more detailed information about them, as luckily known about the last mayor of the family, Bernhard II von Droste zu Hülshoff . The hereditary families invested the profits from offices and trade by acquiring real estate near the city. The Droste zu Hülshoff had acquired the Hülshoff manor relatively early, in 1417, in addition to their ancestral seat ceilingbrock and other estates , which they later expanded to include other nearby hereditary estates such as Haus Vögeding, Haus Stapel and Haus Brock.

Droste zu Hülshoff in the hereditary dispute

The city wine house in Münster, built by Bernhard II von Droste zu Hülshoff

The hereditary families are known - the Droste zu Hülshoffs are one of the three that are still flourishing - through the Münster hereditary dispute , which was successfully conducted in all secular and spiritual instances for 150 years to recognize these families as aristocratic families. The process is paradoxical in the case of the Droste zu Hülshoff family, who were originally noble , belonged to the knighthood and, in the 16th century, maintained close relationships with Heinrich I von Droste zu Hülshoff and dynasty families such as Count Tecklenburg and Count Münster . The above Destruction of the archive in the family's townhouse caused her problems of proof in the hereditary trial. Although the hereditary men won the process against numerous moves by the non-hereditary landed nobility, their estates were severely disadvantaged by the loss of tax exemption and access to the rich benefices of the families eligible for the foundation. The Droste-Hülshoff family, like the other hereditary families, therefore refused to be elected to municipal offices from the 16th century onwards and only sought offices of the canon nobility . Family members like Bernhard III. von Droste-Hülshoff (1634–1700), because the process was delayed, had to push the matter forward to the Reich Chamber of Commerce in Speyer in 1661 . Bernhard, after all married to the very aristocratic Johanna von Nesselrode-Hugenpoet , saw himself - like other heirs - even forced to pledge his entire property as security - in the vain expectation that a judgment favorable to the heirs would then be carried out. Only after the process was not only won in the revision, but the result could also be enforced against strong opposition under threat of imperial ban with the help of Prussia , the revolt of Heinrich Johann I. Droste zu Hülshoff (1677–1739) as the first family member was finally possible in 1717 take place after 150 years.

Because of this experience, the ancestral lords of Hülshoff married exclusively with families from the nobility such as von der Heyden , von Neheim , Nesselrode , Lipperheide, Droste zu Vischering , Recke , Boeselager , Haxthausen , Wendt , Bocholtz and Elmendorff since the 17th century . Other family members connected with the Klitzing , Kerckerinck , von der Mühlen , Massenbach , Mallinckrodt , Merveldt , Ketteler , Bothmer , Pfetten , Schönau , Raitz von Frentz and Gelmini von Kreutzhof families .

Solidarity with the Catholic Church

Panorama view of the Überwasserkirche from the southeast (2011)
Münster Cathedral from Cathedral Square from

From the beginning, the Droste zu Hülshoff family had a close relationship with the Catholic Church. The founding of the church of Everswinkel in 867 as an "own church" could go back to ancestors of the family. Her progenitor Bernhard vondeckebrock is said to have participated in the Third Crusade in the wake of the then Bishop of Münster Hermann II von Katzenelnbogen and thus of Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa . The family estate Deckenbrock in Everswinkel delivered in the 12th century his tithes to the noble convent Überwasserkirche in Munster from, as its treasurer Engelbert of Deckenbrock officiated in the 13th century, who is also the Droste Office of the cathedral chapter of the bishopric of Münster held. According to a document in 1301, the Lütke ceiling brook farm, originally owned by the family, was owned by the Überwasserkloster, which gave it to the family as a fief. In 1570 the family still had a crypt in the Überwasserkirche, in which Heinrich I von Droste zu Hülshoff and his wife, née. von Steveninck zu Möllenbeck, were buried. As knights , the blankets were vassals of the bishops of Münster , for whom they had to repeatedly go to war, and of the bishop of Osnabrück , Bernhard III. von Droste-Hülshoff called for personal military service in 1671. As hereditary men and mayors of Münster, family members were also involved in the government of the Principality of Münster .

Many family members were directly involved in the denominational disputes in Münster: Johann VII Droste zu Hülshoff (1467–1539) is said to have sent the later chief preacher of the Anabaptist Empire of Münster, Bernd Rothmann, to the University of Wittenberg ; as mayor of Munster, he and his uncle Everwin II von Droste zu Handorf , who both continued to be Catholic, had to negotiate with the Protestants in the 1530s. His sons, Alhard III. from Droste to Uhlenbrock and Everwin III. von Droste zu Handorf, were even among the victims of an attack by the Anabaptists in Telgte in 1532 and were temporarily captured. Consequently, they were involved with their cousin Heinrich I von Droste zu Hülshoff (1500–1570) - as feudal men of Bishop Franz von Waldeck - in 1534 in the liberation of the city of Münster from the hands of the Anabaptists; The latter is depicted as a knight on a relief at Hülshoff Castle. After the devastation of the Anabaptist period, Everwin von Droste zu Hülshoff (1540–1604) worked with Gottfried von Raesfeld on the Catholic reform in Münster, whose mayor, Bernhard II von Droste zu Hülshoff , sought a balance between the denominations. His son Heinrich II von Droste-Hülshoff (1597–1666) was a staunch Catholic: for the first time he founded a vicariate at Hülshoff Castle and sold his town house (Hülshoffer Hof) to the Collegium Marianum, which still exists today . His son Bernhard III. von Droste-Hülshoff (1634–1700) promoted the Dominican Church by selling the grounds of his town courtyard there. Protestant however, were Everwin von Droste Möllenbeck , his brother, in the Thirty Years' War to Saxony wily colonel and landowner Herbert von Droste Möllenbeck (today Münster-Wolbeck ) and his son Johann Eberhard von Droste Zützen and the related with them family branch in Danzig and East Prussia .

According to Germania sacra, a total of thirty family members were Catholic canons . Despite the hereditary dispute , numerous family members were canons in Münster , Osnabrück and Hildesheim , others were canons in Münster and Fritzlar . However, because of this dispute, only shortly before the fall of the bishopric of Münster did two family members attain highly endowed and highly respected positions for the nobility: Ernst Konstantin von Droste zu Hülshoff (Canon, 1736) , cathedral dean , was even asked to run for prince-bishopric , but resigned in 1780 in favor of Maximilian Franz of Austria , convinced that only a prince from a powerful family could preserve the independence of the duchy of Münster. Heinrich Johannes Franz von Droste zu Hülshoff (1768–1836), an uncle of the poetess, was the only nobleman to hold the post of provost after the fall of the bishopric of Münster . Other family members were religious; some of them held the office of vicar , provost , dean or cellarer , such as B. Everwin von Droste zu Hülshoff , episcopal official and dean of St. Martini , Johann Benedikt von Droste zu Hülshoff, 1689 provost of the old parish and collegiate church of St. Aegidii . With Elisabeth († 1510) and Maria († 1714) the family produced two abbesses of the noble women's monastery Hohenholte ; Anna Elisabeth von Droste zu Hülshoff (1733–1805), Abbess of Metelen Monastery , was the godmother of the poet Annette; other family members were canonies e.g. B. in Nottuln , Hörde , Borghorst Abbey and Wülmersen .

Church and social engagement

With the acquisition of Burg Hülshoff in 1417, the family entered into a close relationship with the parish church of St. Pantaleon in Roxel , where many family members, including Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , were baptized and buried or their final resting place was in the cemetery. Richmod von Droste zu Hülshoff († 1613, wife of Bernhard II von Droste zu Hülshoff ) founded together with her sister-in-law, the canoness Benedicta von Droste zu Hülshoff, the von Droste'sche poor foundation for the citizens of Roxel. Their son Bernhard III. von Droste-Hülshoff donated a side altar by Friedrich Wilhelm Neuhaus for the parish church in 1687, a monstance in 1671 and the large "Salvator" bell from 1693. In 1698 he also donated a schoolhouse with a teacher's apartment to the village. His son Heinrich Johann I. Droste zu Hülshoff (1677–1739) gave her and the collegiate church of St. Georg in Hohenholte the first organs. He also donated four statues of the Latin church fathers Hieronymus , Ambrosius , Augustinus and Gregor to his parish church by the sculptor Johann Wilhelm Gröninger , which were originally intended for the chapel of Hülshoff Castle. Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff had a crucifixion group by the same artist, which had also been commissioned by Heinrich Johann , set up in the new Roxel cemetery.

Bökerhof Castle , home of Annette's mother, b. von Haxthausen , watercolor by Annette von Droste-Hülshoff (1820)

Clemens-August II von Droste zu Hülshoff , the poet's father, and his wife gave asylum to the Comte de Buisseret de Blaringhem (1730–1800) and his daughter, who had been expelled by the French Revolution , asylum in Hülshoff Castle; they were buried in the family grave, which is still remembered by an epitaph in St. Pantaleon. His wife made a foundation to build a chapel of her family of origin von Haxthausen in Bellersen and donated the "Eternal Light" to the pilgrimage church Baitenhausen near Meersburg . Annette von Droste-Hülshoff herself created important religious poetry - she described her cycle of poems, The Spiritual Year , as her most useful work. But she hated confessional narrowness; she was also friends with many Protestants. Her cousin Clemens-August von Droste zu Hülshoff was u. a. a prominent canon lawyer and friend of Georg Hermes , who also enjoyed the trust of the Protestant civil servants. An opponent of the Prussians at the Cologne event , on the other hand, was the poet's brother, Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff , who also participated in the re-establishment of the Order of Malta in Germany by his step-uncle August von Haxthausen , in which his sons Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff and Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff were involved in charities. Heinrich, who built the chapel on Hülshoff Castle, and his brothers Clemens Friedrich Droste zu Hülshoff and Carl Caspar von Droste zu Hülshoff took part in the Kulturkampf with the Prussian state and the establishment of the German Center Party - for which they were relieved of their offices as district administrators. Clemens Friedrich donated the still existing Marienstift Droste zu Hülshoff in Havixbeck . His cousin Constantin Maria von Droste zu Hülshoff worked as a missionary in the USA. His sister Therese Dahn born. von Droste zu Hülshoff, on the other hand, married the liberal Protestant Felix Dahn . It was felt as a break with family tradition that the last lord of Hülshoff, Werner von Droste zu Hülshoff (1872–1945), married a Protestant and changed his denomination - after his first Catholic wife had left him. The line that is still flourishing today, however, remained Catholic.

Landowner in the family

Front and main castle of Hülshoff

Even the first lord Bernhard I (around 1207) was a nobleman at Gutdeckebrock and other farms near Everswinkel . At the time of Johann IV Droste zu Hülshoff (* before 1381; † 1446), the buyer of Hülshoff Castle , the (documented) estate in the Münsterland , near Soest and near Osnabrück had the largest extent, but was then divided between his three sons . Hülshoff Castle and the associated estate remained in the possession of the lineage (which went out in 1945) for almost 600 years. In the 16th century, extinct Westphalian side lines also sat on the hereditary estates in Handorf , Uhlenbrock and Möllenbeck, today Wolbeck , in Dinker near Soest, in the 18th century on the castle courtyards in Telgte and Heek and in the 19th and 20th centuries on Haus Alst and house stacks ; Not much is known about the extensive estates of the family branches in Saxony and East Prussia .

Even if there was never a Fideikommiss , the family estate Hülshoff received only the eldest son (so-called Majorat ) for centuries ; the younger siblings were dependent on ancillary goods such as Nienborg Castle , in the church or state service or on an advantageous marriage. In the 19th century, Clemens-August II von Droste zu Hülshoff created a new subsidiary for the unmarried members of the Hülshoff family by acquiring Haus Rüschhaus .

The lords of the castle were z. B. challenged by siege attempts and billeting of the military (thanks to the fortifications, people in Hülshoff defended themselves in the 18th century with 18 men and as many rifles always loaded). During the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), Clemens-August I and his brothers had to protect the Degener farm belonging to Gut Hülshoff from French looters. In addition to the administration of the estate, many of them held public offices, but more at the municipal level. Although they only practiced agriculture to a small extent during the existence of the prince-bishopric, but rather lived on the taxes of the farmers and kötter - even if they were not serfs , but still dependent - the economic situation and the like. a. determined by their commercial skills. Since manors also performed judicial, social and charitable tasks at that time, the landowners and their wives had a lot of responsibility. The right to hunt belonged to the manorial estate, which many family members personally exercised with great passion.

In the 20th century there was a female line of succession in the main line at Burg Hülshoff and the line at Haus Stapel, after this had already happened in 1899 for the Füchtel subsidiary. Today only the line that is born after is still in bloom. She no longer has her property in Westphalia, since the ancestor of Hamborn Castle, acquired in 1879, had to sell it again in 1912, but in Baden .

Training and journeys

Family history: "900 years Droste zu Hülshoff" by Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff

As early as the 13th century, at least the clerical family members studied at universities. The visit to (mostly foreign) universities was also part of the so-called cavalier journey. The future heir of Hülshoff received a particularly careful and - because of the associated prestige - complex training with the participation of a court master , with whom he went on the so-called cavalier tour in the 17th and 18th centuries , which was occasionally adventurous: Heinrich II. Von Droste-Hülshoff (1597–1666) made a trip through France in 1623 - the Thirty Years War was already underway - with a long stay in Paris. His younger brother Bernhard was also sent to France to study, although he was not a future heir, where the plague took him away near Metz in 1629 at the age of 20. The next lord, Bernhard III. von Droste-Hülshoff (1634–1700), traveled through France to Paris , where he stayed for several months, then via Bavaria and Austria to Saxony to his cousin Herbert von Droste zu Zutzen, where he stayed for some time. Bernhard III's son, Heinrich Johann I. Droste zu Hülshoff (1677–1739), traveled - also to university studies - a. a. to Prague and Salzburg as well as other, unknown, destinations abroad. From this trip he brought a " Moor " named Junkerding with him from abroad , who married the daughter of the sexton of St. Pantaleon in Roxel and who played the organ donated by Heinrich-Johann. The cavalier tour of his son Heinrich-Wilhelm I (1704–1754) also led to Salzburg, then via Innsbruck , Trieste , Verona , Mantua , Cremona , Pizzighettone to Milan and Rome . He is described by Johann Holsenbürger as a skilful rider and fencer, which he proved when he saved the life of a princess Colonna in Rome who had run over the horses. She is said to have been so grateful to him that she gave him the right to adorn himself with the column from the family coat of arms of the Colonnas . The Colonna relations with the Holy See came in handy when he, on his St. Peter's Square by a count Fugger to duel demanded this in self-defense had stabbed, after which he brokered the princess sanctuary received. The cause of the duel was that Heinrich-Wilhelm had forgotten to drink Fugger at his farewell dinner in Salzburg, after which he - coming from a very rich, but not very aristocratic family - had sworn revenge. After this tragic incident, Heinrich-Wilhelm was never really happy in his life, although he is also said to have been a "master on the flute". Even on his deathbed, he warned his children about the duels that were so frequent at the time.

It was not only at the beginning of the 19th century that Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff , the lord of the family , but also his sisters Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , who received an allowance from him , and Jenny von Droste zu Hülshoff received careful domestic training, albeit none University studies, as has been the norm for male family members for centuries. House chaplains and French teachers also contributed to this.

Family members in public service

German version of the World Heritage emblem : the UNESCO World Heritage Center was 1992 Bernd von Droste-Hulshoff founded.

Many members of the Erbmänner family Droste zu Hülshoff had 13. until the 17th century offices as aldermen, judges, councilors and mayors held the city of Munster. Members of other branches of the family held similar, well-paid offices in Danzig and Königsberg in Prussia until the 18th century .

As knights in the military successes of their sovereign, the Bishop of Munster, many family members and their servants occasionally performed military service for centuries . Compared to other noble families, relatively few family members embarked on a military career such as the Swedish Colonel Herbert von Droste zu Möllenbeck and his son, the Saxon General Johann Eberhard von Droste zu Zützen (1662–1726), the Teutonic Knights and Prince-Bishop General Heinrich- Johann von Droste zu Hülshoff (1735–1798) and the Prussian professional officers Max von Droste zu Hülshoff (1832–1904) and Moritz von Droste zu Hülshoff (1839–1888).

Since the 17th century there were lawyers in the public service in the family , later also foresters : Everwin Droste zu Hülshoff (1649–1698) was episcopal councilor and syndicus in Münster, Clemens-August II. Von Droste zu Hülshoff officiated under Napoleonic rule as "Souspréfet" and "Maire" (Mayor) of Roxel ; his son Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff took over political responsibility a. a. as a member of the Westphalian Provincial Parliament . The Bonn university professor Clemens-August von Droste zu Hülshoff was in the service of Prussia . The lawyers Heinrich von Droste-Hulshoff , Clemens Friedrich Droste zu Hülshoff and Clemens von Droste-Hulshoff were as district administrators and Friedrich von Droste-Hulshoff (1833-1905) as the Government worked in the Prussian civil service. Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff worked as an administrative lawyer in Baden-Württemberg .

Forester in the service of Anhalt was Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff (1800–1829). Forester in Prussia and later Oberland forester in Rhineland-Palatinate was Mariano Freiherr von Droste-Hulshoff (1907-1997), whose son Bernd von Droste-Hulshoff also began as a forester in Rhineland-Palatinate, then Bayern struck a university career and finally in the service the UNESCO joined.

Family members in science and the arts

Gravestone of Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , Meersburg family grave

The poet and composer Annette von Droste-Hülshoff is internationally important - her only completed prose work Die Judenbuche , which - like several of her ballads - is based on a family tradition, has been distributed in more than six million copies and has been translated into eight languages. Even today, its poetry is important for literary history . Her sister Jenny von Droste zu Hülshoff has emerged as a collector of fairy tales for the Brothers Grimm , as a hostess of poets in Meersburg Castle and as a painter. The family's connection to literature was already in the 16th and 17th centuries. Created in the 19th century by the humanist Everwin von Droste zu Hülshoff and a member of the fruitful society , Everwin von Droste zu Möllenbeck . After the poet, Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff , Elisabeth von Droste zu Hülshoff , Therese Dahn , Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff , his daughter Maria Annunziata and his grandson Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff (among others the author of the book Annette v. Droste -Hülshoff in the tension field of her family ) published in fiction.

Scientific authors from the family are the university professors Clemens-August von Droste zu Hülshoff and Bernd von Droste zu Hülshoff as well as the ornithologists Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff and his brother Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff (1833–1905).

There is a centuries-old musical tradition in the family: Heinrich Johann I. Droste zu Hülshoff (1677–1739) donated baroque organs in Roxel and Hohenholte . His son Heinrich Wilhelm Droste zu Hülshoff was a "master on the flute"; His daughter-in-law, Bernhardine von der Recke , was also highly musical. Her son, the composer Maximilian-Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff , who is still performed today , was a friend of Joseph Haydn and the author of a composition lesson; His son, who later became the university rector, Clemens-August von Droste zu Hülshoff, was also considered an excellent piano player. The composer's brother and father of the poet, Clemens-August II. Von Droste zu Hülshoff , played the violin "in a perfect manner", according to her. Annette von Droste-Hülshoff herself composed numerous songs that are still performed and recorded today and has performed as a singer and piano player. Her niece Therese Dahn played the harp , her great-great-grandnephew Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff is an organist . His wife is the conductor , painter and writer Hortense von Gelmini .

Many family members were involved in the preservation of cultural monuments and the estate of the poet, for cultural foundations and in the Annette von Droste Society . The publication of the poet's works was carried out - after her siblings - especially by her nephews Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff and Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff and her goddaughter Elisabeth von Droste zu Hülshoff . The transfer of Burg Hülshoff to the non-profit Annette von Droste zu Hülshoff Foundation was the responsibility of Jutta Freifrau von Droste zu Hülshoff . For Haus Stapel, formerly the place where the poet's “Meersburg estate” was kept and an archive on the hereditary trial, engaged and committed, for example, to B. Clemens von Droste zu Hülshoff , his siblings, his daughter Ermengard Freifrau Raitz von Frentz and their daughter Mechthild. Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff (1833–1905) stood up for the Droste memorial in Rüschhaus , and Jenny von Droste zu Hülshoff and her daughters Hildegunde and Hildegarde von Laßberg for the preservation of Meersburg Castle . Annette's Fürstenhäusle in Meersburg was looked after by her cousin Carl Caspar von Droste zu Hülshoff and, through the establishment of the Droste Museum , his wife Marie, née von Bothmer and Helene von Bothmer , who also donated the Droste Prize . Bernd von Droste-Hulshoff founded and led the World Heritage Center of UNESCO in Paris, Wild Erich von Droste-Hulshoff is a board of the Cultural Foundation Libertas per Veritatem and presenter was the Foundation Pro Europa .

Lines and their possessions

Until the middle of the 20th century, other, also extinct lines were wealthy in Westphalia in addition to the main line. In the 17th and 18th centuries there were Protestant branch lines in Saxony and in the 17th to 19th centuries in Danzig and East Prussia , as well as in the 19th century Catholic branch lines in the Rhineland and Bavaria . The still flourishing line has had its property in Baden since the beginning of the 20th century .

Everswinkel and the surrounding area

In Everswinkel and around the family belonged since the 12th century next to their headquarters Deckenbrock , which they called "free self" (without suzerainty had), but soon no longer inhabited and 1572 Bernhard II. Von Droste-Hulshoff sold, nor other goods, e.g. B. in Nordwalde , Telgte , Alverskirchen , Greven and St. Mauritz and Handorf, which today belong to the city of Münster . In 1351 Alhard I. voneckenbrock sold the Detharding (Deiters) farm there, and it was only he who began acquiring land around Roxel and Havixbeck . The Grosseeckenbrock farm in Everswinkel belonged again to the parent line at Gut Hülshoff from 1775 to 1933.

City of Munster

Successor to the Hülshoff'schen Hof to the left of the Krameramtshaus

As an hereditary family, the family also had property in the city of Münster from the 13th century (which was particularly rich in so-called aristocratic courts - they served either as the headquarters of the hereditary men or as appropriate winter quarters for the monastery nobility). Even Engelbert of Deckenbrock (* 1266), a house had on his estate Roetgering (Münster-Uppenberge), John III. vondeckebrock (* before 1295) a house at the Hörster gate. 1340 z. B. Alhard I. voneckenbrock (later called Droste) acquired a farm at Kuhstrasse 9 / Jüdefelderstrasse 56-57, which is still part of the house stack today. Johann V. Droste zu Hülshoff married the farm of the Kerckerinck family on Honekamp (Krummer Timpen) in 1430 , which the Anabaptists devastated in the 1530s. From 1599 to 1675, the family owned a town courtyard at Alten Steinweg 30 in the city quarter next to St. Lamberti Church , where the monastery nobility lived. During the negotiations on the Peace of Munster, the envoy of the House of Austria , Georg Ulrich Graf von Wolkenstein-Rodenegg, lived there . Bernhard III. von Droste-Hülshoff (1634–1700) sold the site so that the Dominican Church could be built there, and in 1677 acquired the neighboring building of the Krameramthaus , which Clemens-August II von Droste zu Hülshoff in 1810 to his brother Maximilian Friedrich von Droste, as a town courtyard Hülshoff sold. He sold the property on September 18, 1816; the building was demolished by later owners at the end of the 19th century and rebuilt. In 1782, Heinrich-Johann von Droste zu Hülshoff also acquired the so-called "Gravenhorster Hof" at "Krummen Timpen" and "Beckerstiege" as a town house, which his brother Clemens August I. von Droste zu Hülshoff and later his nephew Clemens-August II. von Droste zu Hülshoff lived in and inherited. The latter sold it to his brother Maximilian Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff, who bought a house on Domplatz in 1817; it was destroyed in World War II.

Hülshoff Castle (Roxel, today Havixbeck)

Nienborg Castle , owned by the family from 1730 until at least 1756
House Vögeding, Münster-Nienberge, owned by the family from 1827 to 1939
Brock house near Münster-Roxel, Westphalia, owned by the family from 1859 to approx. 1960

Even before the acquisition of Hülshoff Castle , the family bought the nearby Wittover farm in 1388. In 1417 she acquired Gut Hülshoff, which in the 18th century owned the Telgte castle courtyard , Nienborg Castle and again Leuchtenbrock and was expanded in the 19th century by the Rüschhaus, Vögeding and Brock secondary estates and at that time comprised over 1250 hectares. A part of the old ceiling brook belonged again from the 18th to the 20th century. The brother of the poet, Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff (1798–1867), ancestor of Hülshoff Castle, had several sons. The eldest son Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff inherited Hülshoff and the secondary estates. The line at Burg Hülshoff expired in 1945 in the male line with Heinrich's only son, Werner Freiherr Droste zu Hülshoff; his heiress, Jutta Freifrau von Droste zu Hülshoff , brought Burg Hülshoff into the newly established Annette von Droste zu Hülshoff Foundation in 2012 .

Rüschhaus (Nienberge)

Haus Rüschhaus, garden side, family property from 1825-1979

The father of the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, Clemens-August II. Von Droste zu Hülshoff , bought the Rüschhaus house as a widow's residence in 1826 . There the memory of the poet is cherished to this day, who created a large part of her work here and lived - with her mother until 1834 together with her sister Jenny von Droste zu Hülshoff and the nurse she looked after . Until 1853 the house was taken over by the mother of the poetess, Therese Louise, b. von Haxthausen , inhabited, then by two nephews who remained unmarried, first the officer Moritz von Droste zu Hülshoff, who built a neo-Gothic wayside shrine with a Madonna figure in 1883, which is still preserved today. His brother, the Prussian government councilor Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff (1833–1905), also lived in the house from 1890; he published - like his brother Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff - as a zoologist, renovated the house and brought back the memorabilia that were still within reach because he expected visitors. After the Second World War, Rüschhaus was leased by the family to the Droste Society and opened as a museum. Jutta Freifrau von Droste zu Hülshoff sold the house to the city of Münster in 1979; it can be viewed via the Münster City Museum. Most recently, the property was given to the Annette von Droste zu Hülshoff Foundation, established in 2012 .

Fürstenhäusle (Meersburg)

Fürstenhäusle in Meersburg, property of the poet Annette and her nephew Carl Caspar until 1922

The poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff (1797–1848) came from the line at Castle Hülshoff , who lived for a time at Castle Meersburg on Lake Constance and died there. From her fee in Meersburg she herself acquired the Fürstenhäusle with small vineyards, which her sister Maria-Anna ( Jenny ), wife of Joseph von Laßberg , and her daughters inherited after her death . In 1914 a nephew of the poetess, Carl Caspar von Droste zu Hülshoff , bought it with his second wife Marie, nee. von Bothmer, inhabited. She opened it in 1923 as the Droste Museum, which was made internationally known after the Second World War by the widow of her nephew Heinrich, Helene von Bothmer . This sold it to the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1960; His vines now belong to the Meersburg State Winery , which has been producing a wine called "Cuvée Annette" in honor of the poet since the 150th anniversary of her death - however, the story of an alleged wedding wine "Château Mort" was invented for a Tatort broadcast (television series) she.

Füchtel and puppy (Vechta)

Gut Füchtel ( Vechta ), owned by the family from 1863 to 1899
House Welpe bei Vechta, owned by the family from 1770 to 1771 and from 1863 to 1899

When Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff married Cäcilie Freiin von Elmendorff in 1863, the Füchtel and Welpe estates in Vechta came into the family ( Clemens August I. von Droste zu Hülshoff , the poet's grandfather, had already acquired a puppy in 1770, but already Resold to the Elmendorff family in 1771). Their daughter Maria, married. Countess von Merveldt , inherited it.

Stapel (Havixbeck) and Giesking (Appelhülsen)

House Stapel was owned by the family from 1801 to 1956
Giesking house in Appelhülsen , owned by the family from 1801 to 1956

The former moated castle Haus Stapel near Havixbeck and Haus Giesking near Appelhülsen, which had belonged to the hereditary family von Kerckerinck (several related to the Droste-Hülshoff) since the Middle Ages , married an uncle of the poet, Ernst Konstantin von Droste zu Hülshoff (Canon, 1770 ) , (1770-1841). He built the existing classicist castle with 55 rooms for his family with 22 children. In 1880 a later son of Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff , the district administrator Clemens Friedrich Droste zu Hülshoff, inherited the property through the will of the last child (Luise) of his uncle Heinrich Johannes Reichsfreiherrn von Droste-Kerckerinck (1808–1872) . He bequeathed it to his son Friedrich (1879-1936), who adopted his niece Ermengard, a daughter of District Administrator Clemens von Droste zu Hülshoff . Through their marriage, Stapel became part of the Raitz von Frentz family ; Haus Giesking was sold to her sister Sigrid. With the death of her uncle Hermann in 1959, this branch also became extinct in the male line.

Hamborn (Borchen), Meersburg and Horben

Hamborn Castle in Borchen near Paderborn, owned by the family from 1879 to 1912
Country estate Villa Küchlin , Horben , family property since 1988

The youngest son of Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff , Carl Caspar von Droste zu Hülshoff , Hamborn Castle , which remained in the family until 1912, and later acquired the Princely House in Meersburg, became the lord of today's family members. His son was Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff , his son Mariano Freiherr von Droste zu Hülshoff . He was the father of today's family members Bernd von Droste zu Hülshoff and Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff , through whose wife Hortense von Gelmini the Villa Küchlin estate in Horben came into the family.

House Alst (Horstmar), Bonn and Veitshöchheim

Haus Alst , aerial view with outer bailey, owned by the family from 1832 to 1843

The older son of the composer Maximilian-Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff , Dr. med. In the 19th century, Joseph von Droste zu Hülshoff temporarily owned the Alst house near Steinfurt, where the family also lived. His descendants moved to Veitshöchheim near Würzburg, where there is still a family grave of this extinct branch of the family. His son Werner became court cavalier of Duke Alexander Friedrich Wilhelm von Württemberg and administered his Fantaisie Palace , and his siblings included Therese Dahn and Constantin Maria von Droste zu Hülshoff . The composer's younger son, the university rector Clemens-August von Droste zu Hülshoff , bought a property in Bonn where the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff was a frequent guest.

Handorf (Munster)

Three generations of the family probably lived on the Haskenau tower hill castle in Handorf . The founder of this line was Alhard II († 1485), married to Uda von Schule, who was also wealthy in Everswinkel , Altenberge , Telgte , Billerbeck , Freckenhorst , Havixbeck , Alverskirchen and Sendenhorst . His son and grandson as well as estate successors were the mayor of Münster Everwin II von Droste zu Handorf , married to Gertrud von Steveninck zu Möllenbeck and their sons, the Senator of Münster Everwin III. († 1542 without descendants) and Johann Droste (1495–1558), canon and bursary of the chapter of St. Ludgeri (Münster) . This in turn had a son, also named Johann, who was the secretary of the Bishop of Munster. His second son was the well-known reformer and humanist Everwin von Droste zu Hülshoff . Other civil bearers of the name Droste are said to come from the Handorf line.

Uhlenbrock (Münster) and Wolbeck / Möllenbeck

Villa Alstede courtyard with weir store (bower) from 1536, family property in the 16th and 17th centuries

The branch line Droste to Uhlenbrock was by Alhard III. († 1593), another son of the mayor of Münster Everwin II von Droste zu Handorf and Gertrud von Steveninck zu Möllenbeck, founded. His wife Margaretha von Kerckerinck also inherited an Erbmannshof in the city of Münster in 1541. Sons from this marriage were the successors Everwin IV. Droste zu Uhlenbrock († 1611) and Heinrich II. Droste zu Uhlenbrock, from whom the Droste descended at court. The Drostes in Danzig and Königsberg also derived their descent from the Droste zu Uhlenbrock : The o. G. Alhard III. According to his identical first name and date of death, he is probably also the father of the royal Polish councilor Carl Drost (e) in Danzig. This is also suggested by the trade relations that still existed at that time between the Hanseatic cities of Münster, Danzig and Königsberg, the frequent conversion to Protestantism in the Münsterland at that time and the later recognition of this descent by King Friedrich I (Prussia) .

Another son, Alhard IV, married to Gertrud von Bischopinck , inherited Haus Möllenbeck (today: Wolbeck ) from his sister Margaretha, the widow of Cord von Steveninck, in 1603/1605 . Alhard IV with his 12 children escaped a robbery in 1610 in which the Möllenbeck house was looted. His eldest son and successor Everwin von Droste zu Möllenbeck became court cavalier or court master of Prince Ludwig I of Anhalt-Köthen and a member of the famous fruit-bearing society . With his wife Odilia, a daughter of the Münster mayor Bernhard II von Droste zu Hülshoff , he had five sons, of which Bernhard III. was married to Elisabeth von Morrien , but they had no descendants; House Möllenbeck went bankrupt at the end of the 17th century. Another son of Alhard IV was Herbert (also Herbordt or Gerhard, 1609–1695). He became the progenitor of the (Protestant) Droste zu Zützen.

Some properties changed between the lines: For example, today's Hof Villa Alstede in Nottuln belonged to Droste zu Uhlenbrock in 1583, in 1603 to Droste zu Möllenbeck and from 1652 to the main line on Hülshoff.

Dinker near Soest

Heinrich II. Droste zu Uhlenbrock formed another line on the farms Hofe (near Ahlen ), on Telgenland near Altenberge and in the Mark, Stromberghoven, Sengerhof, Klotinghof and Ebinghof in Dinker near Soest - from this line came Johann Heinrich von Drost (* 1731 at the singer's farm in Dinker near Soest; † after 1787), Prussian major and chief of III. Standing grenadier battalion.

Golßen-Zützen and Altdöbern-Reddern

Reddern village church, built by Johann Eberhard von Droste zu Zützen

Herbert (also Herbord or Gerhard) Droste zu Möllenbeck (1609–1695), the youngest brother of Everwin von Droste zu Möllenbeck , became a colonel in the Swedish service after an adventurous wandering life during the Thirty Years' War . In contrast to the main Catholic branch of his family, he had adopted the Protestant faith, married into the von Klitzing family (noble family) and in 1651 bought the Gersdorf (or Görichsdorf) and Zützen goods in Niederlausitz from them. The poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff refers to a visit from his younger son Johann Eberhard von Droste zu Zützen in Hülshoff in her story Bei uns zu Lande auf dem Lande - According to the handwriting of a nobleman from Lusatia . He had married Gut Reddern from the von Birckholtz family . This wealthy Protestant branch of the family, to which the Drostes in Danzig and Königsberg are said to have been related, died out in the 18th century. The interior of the so-called "Flachskirche" in Reddern, which he built, still reminds of him today.

Danzig, Königsberg, Linkehnen and Starkenberg

Kneiphöfsches Rathaus ( Königsberg ), the official seat of Vice Mayor Carl Droste vom Fisch

A von Drost (e) family was recorded in the "Adelsarchiv" of the Königsberg State Archives from 1664 to 1714; she also used a coat of arms with the flying fish (helmet fish trap), but in a blue field. It came from the above. Droste to Uhlenbrock and had branches in Danzig and Konigsberg . The aforementioned Alhard III. Droste zu Uhlenbrock, probably married to Juliane von Schlieben (noble family) for the second time , had a son Carl (1568–1628), who worked as a royal Polish councilor and factor in Danzig. This had the sons Carl jun. (1597–1673), merchant and merchant in Königsberg (he made his will there in 1670), and Conrad (1600–1670), councilor and war commissioner in Danzig, who married Catharina von Recke . For his granddaughter Constantia von Droste (* 1644), b. Droste, widow of her cousin, Carl Droste vom Fisch (1631–1699), Vice- Mayor of Königsberg in the Kneiphof , in 1704 King Friedrich I carried out a "nobility renovation". He referred to their guaranteed descent from the Droste zu Hülshoff and related their (modified) family coat of arms. Carl Droste was a grain dealer and was involved in the coronation of Frederick I (Prussia) in 1701 as a rider in the citizen company. Carl and Constantia von Droste had many descendants who held (old) Prussian state offices and associated themselves with local noble families (including v. Kraut , v. Lüderitz (noble family) ). Her oldest son was probably the senator and city councilor Jakob Drost (* 1675), on the Schleuse estates near Moterau and Hasenberg (the latter approx. 458 ha), both in the Wehlau district. Another son, Johann Friedrich (* 1678), was the Prussian lord of the tribunal and heir to the Linkehnen , Starkenberg and Kapkeim estates , also located in the Wehlau district , and married to Sophia-Charlotte von Besser (noble family) . He received a diploma of recognition from the Prussian King Friedrich I in 1705 (her daughter Eleonora Concordia Levina von Droste married Johann Georg von der Groeben (noble family) in 1730 in Königsberg , heir to Gross Schwansfeld). The youngest son, Carl Conrad (1673–1709) was a licensed director and heir on Tiki tendons. A sister, Marie-Louise von Droste (* July 4, 1682 in Königsberg, † August 2, 1720 in Berlin), was married to the Prussian statesman Heinrich Rüdiger von Ilgen . Christoph Friedrich von Drost (* 1721), married to Amalia Louisa v. Braxein , was a royal Prussian captain and heir on Kapkeim. His son and heir was Ludwig Friedrich von Droste, heir to the left. He died childless in 1825, so that the name and coat of arms passed to a branch of the family " von Knobloch called von Droste" after Sophia Luise (* 1715) had married Carl Gottfried von Knobloch. In Gdansk there was still a bourgeoisie, possibly from the one mentioned above, until 1946. Conrad von Drost, a merchant family named Drost , to which the art historian Willi Drost belonged.

Today's descendants

There were no "descendants of the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff", who was unmarried. Rather, all today's bearers of the name go back to their brother, Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff , who also belonged to the 20th generation and had thirteen children, nine of whom survived. The progenitor of the male line that still exists today was Werner-Constantin's youngest son, Carl Caspar von Droste zu Hülshoff . He owned Hamborn Castle and from 1915 Annettes Fürstenhäusle in Meersburg . Carl also acquired Swiss citizenship in the municipality of Böttstein in the canton of Aargau . His only son was Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff . He also had only one son, Mariano Freiherr von Droste zu Hülshoff (1907–1997). This was Oberlandforstmeister and head of the forestry department in the Koblenz administrative district . Seats of his sons Bernd von Droste zu Hülshoff and Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff and their families - the 24th and 25th generation of Droste zu Hülshoff - are in Kaiserswerth and the country estate Villa Küchlin , Horben , where the family agriculture and forestry and the Baron Droste Hülshoff operates distillery .

Since 1945, the lineage of the eldest son, Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff , has been extinguished at Hülshoff Castle , Rüschhaus House and the associated estate. His granddaughter, Jutta von Droste zu Hülshoff (1926–2015), brought the family property, if she had not sold it, to the Annette von Droste zu Hülshoff Foundation in 2012 . The Haus Stapel line also ceased to exist in the male line with the death of Hermann von Droste zu Hülshoff in 1959.

Johann Droste (1495–1558), canon in St. Ludgeri (Münster) and son of the o. G. Mayor of Munster when the Anabaptist Empire came up , Everwin II. Von Droste zu Handorf , had numerous illegitimate children with Alheidt Droste called Kocks. U. civil bearers of the name Droste can be traced back.

Well-known namesake

Annette Freiin Droste zu Hülshoff
The poet on the 20 DM banknote

Family seats with Droste museums

The east side of Meersburg Castle, view from the New Castle

Castle concerts

The Marienstift Droste zu Hülshoff

The Marienstift Droste zu Hülshoff in Havixbeck goes back to a hospital that Clemens Friedrich Freiherr Droste zu Hülshoff , owner of the Gut Haus Stapel, donated to the citizens of Havixbeck in 1882. It was run by Franciscan Sisters until it was converted into an old people's home and nursing home in 1979.

Asteroid Droste-Hülshoff

As a special form of honor, the naming of newly discovered celestial bodies after personalities from history has been in use for over 100 years. The main belt asteroid (12240) Droste-Hülshoff , discovered on August 13, 1988, has been named after the poet Annette von Droste zu Hülshoff (1797–1848) .

See also

literature

  • Karl Chudoba (ed.): Clemens-August von Droste-Hülshoff. In: The Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität. Your rectors and famous professors.
  • Wilderich from Droste to Hülshoff : 900 years of Droste to Hülshoff . Verlag LPV Hortense von Gelmini , Horben 2018, ISBN 978-3-936509-16-8
  • Wilderich from Droste to Hülshoff: Annette v. Droste-Hülshoff in the tension between her family. CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 1997, ISBN 3-7980-0683-0 .
  • Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff, Sibren Verhelst: Werner Adolph Freiherr von Haxthausen - the inspirer of the Bökendorfer Romantikerkreis and his descendants. Gorinchem (Netherlands) 2014.
  • Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff: Hortense von Gelmini - life and work. Verlag LPV Hortense von Gelmini, 2007, ISBN 978-3-936509-10-6 .
  • Karl-Gustav Fellerer: Max v. Droste-Hülshoff. A Westphalian composer. In: Archives for Music Research. 1937, p. 160.
  • Karl-Gustav Fellerer: Maximilian v. Droste-Hülshoff. In: General Encyclopedia of Music. 1949, p. 827.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon Volume III, Volume 61 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1975, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Genealogical handbook of the nobility, baronial houses. Vol. XVII, Volume 107 of the complete series, 1994.
  • Johann Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. 2 volumes, Regensberg, Münster iW 1868/1869 digitized .
    • Vol. 1: 1209-1570 . 1868.
    • Vol. 2: 1570-1798 . 1869.
  • Viktor Huyskens: From the life and work of Everwins von Droste and the collegiate school of his time. Supplement to the annual reports of the municipal high school u. Realgymnasium in Münster iW , 1907.
  • Hermann von Kerssenbrock: The Anabaptist frenzy, which Munster, the famous capital in Westphalia, destroyed. 1568.
  • Richard Baron König-Warthausen: Ferdinand Baron Droste. Obituary. In: Annual Report 1874 of the Zoological Section.
  • Fritz Martini: Dahn, Felix, writer and historian and Dahn, Therese, writer. In: New German Biography. 1959, p. 482 ff.
  • Marcus Weidner: Landadel in Münster 1600–1760. Munster 2000.
  • Wolfgang Weikert: Hereditary men and hereditary trials. A chapter of Münster city history. Munster 1990.
  • Erik Wolf: Clemens August von Droste-Hülshoff. In: New German Biography. IV, 1959, p. 132.

Web links

Commons : Droste zu Hülshoff  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f J. Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. Münster iW 1869.
  2. ↑ s. Hülshoff Castle : Discussion
  3. ↑ s. The motto of the Hanse merchants Ehr is Dwang gnog
  4. ^ Latin epigram by Everwin Droste, printed with a German translation in: Clemens Heselhaus: "Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, Werk und Leben", Düsseldorf 1971, p. 344, note 18
  5. ↑ see discussion on Wikipedia article Burg Hülshoff
  6. ^ Westphalian document book III, 60.
  7. ↑ Engelbert vondeckebrock was married to Adelheid von Langen (with the Rauten)
  8. ^ Johann Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. , P. 11 (Mayor Johann III voneckenbrock-Droste, * before 1295 † 1349, was a brother-in-law of the knight Ludwig von Münster through his sister Adelheid), Johann Holsenbürger: Die Herren v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. , P. 12 (the mother-in-law of the mayor Johann VI. Droste zu Hülshoff, * 1430 † 1499, was Anna von Münster)
  9. ^ Johann Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. , P. 95 (Bernhard III.Droste zu Möllenbeck, a son of Everwin von Droste zu Möllenbeck , married Elisabeth von Morrien)
  10. ↑ Wilderich Freiherr Droste zu Hülshoff: 900 years Droste zu Hülshoff , Verlag LpV Hortense von Gelmini, Horben, 2018
  11. ^ Johann Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. 2 volumes, Regensberg, Münster iW 1868/1869, p. 90
  12. ^ Hermann von Kerssenbrock: The Anabaptists' frenzy, which Munster, the famous capital in Westphalia, destroyed. 1568.
  13. ↑ Viktor Huyskens: From the life and work of Everwins von Droste and the collegiate school of his time. Supplement to the annual reports of the municipal high school u. Realgymnasiums in Münster iW 1907.
  14. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/user/StiftungLPV/videos
  15. ↑ Wolfgang Weikert: Hereditary men and hereditary trials. A chapter of Münster city history. Münster 1990, p. 754 f.
  16. ↑ Cf. The Town Courts of the Secular Nobility in Münster, pp. 753ff
  17. ↑ "I have a big name": Droste-Hülshoff, des SR, 1997
  18. ^ Johann Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. 2 volumes, Regensberg, Münster iW 1868/1869, pp. 30, 31, 92, 93
  19. ^ Johann Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. 2 volumes, Regensberg, Münster iW 1868/1869, p. 93
  20. ^ Clemens Steinbicker: From the gender group of the Münster councilor and mayor family Timmerscheidt A contribution to the history of the Münster dignitaries of the 17th century. www.LWL, page 112:
  21. ↑ Kirchhoff, Karl-Heinz: The Erbmänner undihre Hofe in Münster - Investigations into the social topography of a city in the Middle Ages. Westphalian magazine 1966
  22. ↑ Johann Holsenbürger: The Lords of Deckbrock (v. Droste-Hülshoff), 1868, p. 93 u. 94
  23. ↑ Prussian Archive 3rd year (1792), digitized version of the University of Göttingen, p. 135 ff.
  24. ^ Johann Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. 2 volumes, Regensberg, Münster iW 1868/1869, p. 17
  25. ↑ a b Prussian Archive 3rd year (1792), digitized version of the University of Göttingen, p. 137 ff.
  26. ↑ APG NF 23. (1975) special volume 8, p. 283
  27. ↑ z. B. on an altar device of the church Britz, Kartei Quassowski, letter D (QMS No. 1), 2nd edition VFFOW Hamburg 1997, p. 259
  28. ↑ Reinhard Wenzel: Directory of wills deposited in Königsberg 1725-1768 in regional history and family research in Old Prussia. Festschrift for Reinhold Heling on his 80th birthday (special publication No. 108. VFFOW Hamburg 2007, p. 347 and 356
  29. ^ Original nobility letter in the archive of Wilderich Freiherr Droste zu Hülshoff
  30. ^ Gause, Fritz: History of the City of Königsberg, Volume 2, Page 6, footnote
  31. ↑ a b Quassowski card index, letter D (QMS No. 1), 2nd edition VFFOW Hamburg 1997, p. 259
  32. ^ Fritz Gause: History of the City of Königsberg, Vol. II, Böhlau: Köln, Grar 1968, p. 6
  33. ^ A b Fritz Gause: History of the City of Königsberg, Vol. II, Böhlau: Köln, Grar 1968, p. 73
  34. ↑ Prussian Archive 3rd year (1792), digitized version of the University of Göttingen, page 138
  35. ^ "The dead nobility of the province of Prussia", page 19 "Droste, Freiherren"
  36. ^ Friedwald Moeller: Königsberg civil status cases 1727-1764 (special publication No. 114). VFFOW: Hamburg 2010, p. 485
  37. ↑ European Family Tables, New Series, Vol. VIII., West, Central and North European Families, 123