Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff

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Ferdinand Freiherr von Droste zu Hülshoff (born February 16, 1841 at Hülshoff Castle ; † July 21, 1874 there ) was a German ornithologist and writer . His writings on bird protection were already pioneering during his lifetime and served as a bill.

Life

back left: “New Dog Tower” of Hülshoff Castle, built by Ferdinand

Ferdinand Freiherr Droste zu Hülshoff was the second youngest of thirteen children of the landowner and politician Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff (1798–1867) and his wife Caroline, née. Freiin von Wendt-Papenhausen (1802–1881) was born and belonged to the 21st generation of his family. He should not be confused with his uncle and youngest brother of his aunt, who also died early, the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , the forest master Ferdinand (called "Fente"). He was a brother of Heinrich von Droste zu Hülshoff , Klemens Friedrich Freiherr Droste zu Hülshoff , Carl Caspar von Droste zu Hülshoff and Elisabeth von Droste zu Hülshoff . He had to leave the Paulinum grammar school in Münster at the age of seventeen due to a lung disease. In the spring of 1858, while a fire was being extinguished, it fell into a stream and, while soaked through, had continued the work through the night. This was followed by recreational stays at Lake Constance , in Montreux and in Freiburg , and later on the North Sea island of Borkum . In 1868 the "New Dog Tower" was built at Hülshoff Castle at his expense. He died at the age of only 33 after working as a medic in the Franco-German War and several strenuous journeys.

Scientific work

Resting birds at the Varel harbor (Jadebusen)

Encouraged by his uncle Johann von Droste- Kerckerinck at Haus Stapel , he became a well-known ornithologist - interested in science and gifted as a writer. As a schoolboy he began with a thesis on bird migration in the Münsterland , followed by an essay on the woodcock and many other smaller works. His work Die Vogelwelt der Nordseinsel Borkum , which was published as a reprint in 1974, became known beyond the borders of Germany .

Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff became friends with the priest and scientist Bernard Altum from an early age . From 1868 on he became managing director and from 1873 president of the German Ornithological Society and director of the zoological section for Westphalia and Lippe, as well as a member of the Zoological Society of London and the kuk Zoological Society in Vienna. Together with Hermann Landois, he was the founder of the zoological garden in Münster and founding director of the zoological section of the Westphalian Association for Art and Science. He shared his interest in zoological publications with an older brother, the royal Prussian government councilor Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff (1833–1905). Like this one (called "Kattenfritz" because he was a bird lover and shot every cat) and his other brothers, he was a passionate hunter.

Pioneering achievements in bird protection

Droste zu Hülshoff warned pioneeringly to use understanding and science for the right rule over nature and warned even then against monocultures . Although a passionate hunter himself, he criticized the hunting of the woodcock as early as 1862 because of the dwindling populations . His writings were already considered pioneering and sustainable during his lifetime, including an essay The Bird Protection Question , in which he criticized the decline in numbers of many bird species. The legislative proposals contained in its text were enacted in 1873 by the royal Prussian government as a "new police ordinance for the protection of birds" and also served as a template for other governments.

“It's not difficult to imagine how extensive his work could have been had he had more time. The numerous obituaries for him prove the appreciation he was given "

- Daniela Zergiebel.

Writing work

In addition to poems, he wrote The Rose Fairy, a fairy tale for small children , which was performed at Hülshoff Castle in 1870 and referred to as "Shepherd's poetry" and "The saga of the witch's dance place and the Roßtrappe near Thale in the Harz" (both published in "The last Burggräfin von Stromberg “His sister Elisabeth von Droste zu Hülshoff ). He also wrote poetry.

Charitable work

Hospital in the Franco-German War

In the Franco-Prussian War , Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff volunteered as a nurse in France as a knight of honor in the sovereign Order of Malta in 1870 . He received the Iron Cross, Second Class, for his service , but it completely ruined his poor health.

Ornithological and zoological works

  • The water godwit . In “Nature and Revelation”, 1862
  • The woodcock . In “Nature and Revelation”, 1862
  • The concatenation of organic creation I. and II. In "Nature and Revelation", 1864
  • Bird nest searches , In "Nature and Revelation", 1866
  • Vögel Borkums , "Journal for Ornithology", 1866
  • Additions to Borkum's birds , "Journal for Ornithology", 1866
  • Second addendum Vögel Borkum , "Journal for Ornithology", 1866
  • To Borkum im Entenloche , "Journal for Ornithology", 1866
  • Der Entenstrich , "Journal for Ornithology", 1867
  • Observations on a mudflat goose hunt , "Journal for Ornithology", 1867
  • Reichsmuseum zu Leyden , "Journal for Ornithology", 1867
  • Museum Crommelins , "Journal for Ornithology", 1867
  • Rarer birds found in Friesland , "Journal for Ornithology", 1867
  • Establishment of so-called state museums , "Zoological Garden", 1868
  • Extracts from Collet Norges Fugle og deres Udbredelse i Landet . Translated into print from Norwegian
  • Bird fauna of the Faroe Islands . Translated from Danish and annotated. "Journal for Ornithology", 1869
  • Catching ducks and beach birds in gill nets , "Journal for Ornithology", 1869
  • Goose hunting in the Dollard . Translated from Dutch, "Journal for Ornithology", 1869
  • The bird world on the North Sea island of Borkum , self-published in 1869, reprinted by Leer, Schuster 1974, ISBN 3-7963-0054-5
  • Distribution of the elk in East Prussia , "Zoologischer Garten", 1869
  • The last two lynx hunted in Prussia , "Zoologischer Garten", 1869
  • Fur imports by the Hudsonbay Company , "Zoological Garden", 1869
  • Drive to Rottum , "Zoological Garden", 1869
  • Report of the Kiel Ornithologists Assembly , Münster near Regensberg, 1869
  • Report of the Casseler Assembly . Cassel with Fischer, 1869
  • Excerpts from Meves advice om en Resa till Oeland og Skäne 13 p . Translated from Swedish, 1869
  • Sketches from the beach bird life , "Zoologischer Garten", 1870
  • May trip in the marshland , "Zoological Garden", 1870
  • Comments on quick parallels between the bird fauna of the Taunus and the Wetterau , "Zoologischer Garten", 1870
  • Taubenpost , "Zoologischer Garten", 1871
  • Report of the ornithological meeting in Hanover , Münster 1871
  • Highlands. Report on the ornithological meeting at Cassel , 1872
  • The bird protection issue . Münster, Brunn, 1872
  • The squirrel. The ermine. The star. Annual report of the Westphalian Association for Bird Protection, Poultry and Songbird Breeding , ed. by Hermann Landois, Münster 1872
  • Contributions to the bird fauna of Westphalia and Lippe , Frankfurt 1873
  • The birds that died out in historical times , "Zoologischer Garten", 1873
  • Report on the XX. Assembly of the German Ornithological Society in Braunschweig with the participation of Blasius , Vierveg, 1873
  • Annual report of the zoological section; first annual report of the Westphalian Provincial Association for Science and Art , Aschendorff 1873
  • The parentage and home of the domestic chicken , The song of the birds , Notes on the wren's nest in the tuna hedge , Nothing new under the sun or a natural incubator , The gray and black crows . Annual reports of the Westf. Association for bird protection, poultry and songbird breeding. Edited by Hermann Landois, Münster 1873
  • The common partridge, lectures given in the Zoological Section for Westphalia and Lippe , Illustrierte Jagdzeitung v. Forester Nitsche, 1873

literature

  • Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon, Vol. III, 1975 “Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Freiherrliche Häuser”, Vol. XVI.
  • Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff : Annette von Droste-Hülshoff in the field of tension between her family , Limburg, 1997
  • Wilderich from Droste to Hülshoff : 900 years of Droste to Hülshoff . Verlag LPV Hortense von Gelmini, Horben 2018, ISBN 978-3-936509-16-8
  • Herbert Ringleben: Data on the knowledge of ornithologists in East Friesland , in: Contributions to the natural history of Lower Saxony 42, 1989, pp. 199-220

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ferdinand Baron Droste: The bird protection question. A presentation. Munster 1872
  2. ^ Hermann Landois: "Annual Report 1874 of the Zoological Section" in: Third Annual Report of the Westphalian Provincial Association for Science and Art per 1874, Münster 1875, pp. 31–54, here p. 37
  3. ↑ Daniela Zergiebel: The ornithologist and the delicacy. Ferdinand Baron Droste-Hülshoff and the woodcock . Treatises from the Westphalian Museum of Natural History - Supplement 2016, pp. 21–28
  4. ↑ The ornithologist and the delicacy. Ferdinand Baron Droste-Hülshoff and the woodcock . Treatises from the Westphalian Museum of Natural History - Supplement 2016, pp. 21–28
  5. ↑ s. Poem "Love", printed in: Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff : 900 years Droste zu Hülshoff , Verlag LpV Hortense von Gelmini, Horben 2018
personal data
SURNAME Droste zu Hülshoff, Ferdinand von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Droste zu Hülshoff, Ferdinand Freiherr von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer and ornithologist
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1841
PLACE OF BIRTH Hülshoff Castle
DATE OF DEATH July 21, 1874
Place of death Hülshoff Castle