Böttstein

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Böttstein
Coat of arms of Böttstein
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Kanton AargauKanton Aargau Aargau (AG)
District : Zurzachw
BFS no. : 4303i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 5315 (Böttstein)
5314 (Kleindöttingen)
UN / LOCODE : CH KDO (Kleindöttingen)
Coordinates : 659 022  /  267 555 coordinates: 47 ° 33 '22 "  N , 8 ° 13' 22"  O ; CH1903:  659,022  /  267555
Height : 350  m above sea level M.
Height range : 316-589 m above sea level M.
Area : 7.43  km²
Residents: 3916 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 527 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
citizenship ) 		41.3% (December 31, 2019)
Website: www.boettstein.ch
Böttstein Castle

Böttstein Castle
Location of the municipality
Klingnauer Stausee Deutschland Kanton Zürich Bezirk Aarau Bezirk Baden Bezirk Brugg Bezirk Laufenburg Bad Zurzach Baldingen AG Böbikon Böttstein Döttingen AG Endingen AG Fisibach Full-Reuenthal Kaiserstuhl AG Klingnau Koblenz AG Leibstadt Lengnau AG Leuggern Mellikon Rekingen Rietheim AG Rümikon Schneisingen Siglistorf Tegerfelden WislikofenMap of Böttstein
About this picture
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Böttstein ( Swiss German : ˈbøːtʃtə ) is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau . It belongs to the Zurzach district and is located in the lower Aare valley halfway between Brugg and Waldshut .

geography

The community is located on the western bank of the Aare and consists of the villages of Böttstein ( 356  m above sea level ) and Kleindöttingen ( 320  m above sea level ) as well as the hamlets of Burlen and Eien. The historic main town of Böttstein is located at the southernmost point on a narrow, steeply sloping strip of land between the Aare and the eastern slope of the 577 meter high Bötteberg, a foothill of the Table Jura . The village is opposite the Döttingen artificial island Beznau with the Beznau nuclear power plant .

Immediately north of Böttstein, the shoreline expands to a more than two-kilometer-wide plain. The otherwise north-flowing Aare leads first to the east and then in a long curve to the north-west into the Klingnau reservoir . The Klingnau observation tower stands on its bank . In the bend in the river at the southern end of the reservoir is Kleindöttingen, the largest town in the municipality, where more than two thirds of the population live. Kleindöttingen and Böttstein are about two and a half kilometers apart, with the hamlet of Eien in between. The hamlet of Burlen is just under two kilometers northwest of Kleindöttingen in the direction of Leuggern .

The area of ​​the municipality is 743 hectares , of which 264 hectares are forested and 158 hectares are built over. The highest point is the summit of the Bötteberg at 577 meters, the lowest is at 318 meters on the banks of the Klingnau reservoir. Neighboring communities are Leuggern in the northwest, Klingnau in the northeast, Döttingen in the east, Würenlingen in the southeast, Villigen in the south and Mandach in the west.

history

In 1946 a sword decorated with gold came from the Iron Age around 750 BC. To the fore. Around 500 BC The Helvetii , a Celtic tribe , took possession of the area. From around 15 BC The Romans consolidated their rule. From 259 to 277 who held Alemanni the area around Böttstein occupied before they were pushed back by the Romans. The nearby Rhine formed the northern border of the Roman Empire. At the beginning of the 5th century, the Romans finally withdrew across the Alps . The Alemanni colonized the region and gradually assimilated the Romanized Celts.

Botistein was first mentioned in a document in 1087. The place name comes from the Old High German Bozistein and means "stony area on Bözen", where Bözen can be derived from the Celtic mountain name Voceton . Ecclesiastically, the village was part of the Leuggern parish . The small lordship initially belonged to the von Böttstein lords and then changed hands no less than twelve times between 1230 and 1798. The exercise of lower jurisdiction also belonged to the property . The barons of Tiefenstein also had extensive possessions in Böttstein. In 1239 Hugo von Tiefenstein sold the church set to Böttstein to the Johannites in Bubikon . In 1275 the people of Tiefenstein sold two mills in Böttstein to the Kommende in Klingnau .

Memorial stone for the battle between the Austrians and the French in August 1799
Aerial photo from 600 m by Walter Mittelholzer (1920)

In 1415 the confederates conquered Aargau and replaced the Habsburgs as sovereigns. The parish was now part of the county of Baden , a common rule . It bordered on Upper Austria , which had remained with the Habsburgs, and from 1460 also on the Bernese Aargau . During the Swabian War of 1499, the villages of the parish suffered severe devastation and looting. From 1529 to 1531, troops of the reformed city of Bern occupied the parish, but the population remained Catholic.

In March 1798 the French took Switzerland and the parish came to the short-lived canton of Baden in the Helvetic Republic . The municipalities of Böttstein and Leuggern were created. During the Second Coalition War , the front line between the French and Austrians ran through the middle of the Aare valley. On August 17, 1799, Austrian troops wanted to cross the Aare near Kleindöttingen. From the mouth of the Surb near Döttingen, they took the French army under artillery fire on the other side of the river. The French returned fire and prevented the bridge from being built. The villages of Kleindöttingen and Eien were completely destroyed and several dozen people died.

After 1803 by the Act of Mediation of Napoleon Bonaparte dissolved Baden, the Canton of Aargau and had risen in the canton, the villages of the parish were reunited in a single community. With an area of ​​over 30 square kilometers, it was the largest in the canton. In 1816, the Great Council decided to split the large community into the communities of Böttstein, Leuggern and Oberleibstadt. He was of the opinion that such a large community without an actual center was not economically viable. Until the early 20th century, the population of Böttstein lived largely from agriculture , while industrialization was slow to take hold.

In the course of the railway boom around 1870, there were numerous railway projects that were never realized. The Aargau Southern Railway failed with its plan to build a railway line from Brugg via Böttstein to Waldshut . As a replacement, a bridge over the Aare was built between Kleindöttingen and Döttingen in 1893. The correction of the course of the river at the end of the 19th century favored the construction of hydropower plants . In 1902, the Aare power plant began operating on the island of Beznau across from Böttstein . In 1920 a project for a hydropower plant between Eien and Kleindöttingen failed. A wide navigable canal was intended for this purpose between two high dams, which would have cut the area between Eien and Kleindöttingen.

Between 1950 and today, the population of the community has almost quadrupled, with the growth mainly concentrated in Kleindöttingen for reasons of space. In 1965 construction of the nuclear power plant began on the island of Beznau. The north-eastern Swiss power plants bought Böttstein Castle and made it the seat of the technical staff. So Böttstein could also benefit from the power plant on Döttinger Boden. The Beznau nuclear power plant was opened in two stages: Unit 1 went online in 1969, Unit 2 in 1972.

Attractions

The Axporama , a visitor center of the electricity supplier Axpo Power, has existed since 2006 .

coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms reads: "From yellow with slanted red latticework." The municipal coat of arms corresponds to that of the free von Böttstein, who owned the village and the castle in the High Middle Ages . After it had been used unofficially from 1930, it was finally introduced in 1953.

population

Population development

The population developed as follows:

year 1799 1850 1900 1930 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Residents 324 629 760 820 1051 1256 2129 2896 3437 3648 3691

On December 31, 2019, 3916 people lived in Böttstein, the proportion of foreigners was 41.3%. In the 2015 census, 46.2% described themselves as Roman Catholic and 12.2% as Reformed ; 41.6% were non-denominational or of another faith. In the 2000 census, 80.3% stated German as their main language, 6.3% Italian , 4.3% Albanian , 3.1% Turkish , 2.5% Serbo-Croatian and 0.8% Portuguese .

Politics and law

Parish hall

The assembly of those entitled to vote, the municipal assembly , exercises legislative power. The executing authority is the five-member municipal council . He is elected by the people in the majority procedure, his term of office is four years. The parish council leads and represents the parish. To this end, it implements the resolutions of the municipal assembly and the tasks assigned to it by the canton. The Zurzach District Court is the first instance responsible for legal disputes . Böttstein belongs to the XVII (Zurzach) judges' circle.

economy

According to the company structure statistics (STATENT) collected in 2015, there are around 1,500 jobs in the municipality, of which 2% are in agriculture, 43% in industry and 55% in the service sector. Most of the industrial and service companies are located in Kleindöttingen. The most important employers are a gravel works, a plastics factory and two medium-sized office furniture factories. KRISTALL brand bicycles are also manufactured. Agriculture dominates in Burlen and Eien, while Böttstein is small-business. Viticulture is practiced on the south-eastern slopes of the Bötteberg . Many workers are commuters and work in the surrounding communities or in the Brugg / Baden region .

traffic

The most important road connection is the main road 17 from Döttingen over the Aare bridge to Kleindöttingen, Leuggern and Leibstadt . In the center of Kleindöttingen, Kantonsstrasse 447 branches off to Böttstein, where it meets Kantonsstrasse 442 in the direction of Brugg . The community is served by three postbus lines: the Döttingen– Mandach and Döttingen– Laufenburg lines run through Kleindöttingen and Burlen, the line from Döttingen to Brugg train station runs through Kleindöttingen, Eien and Böttstein.

education

The community of Böttstein has four kindergartens in Kleindöttingen and Böttstein as well as a school center in Kleindöttingen, in which the primary school , the junior high school and the secondary school are taught. The district school can be attended in Leuggern . The closest grammar schools are the Baden Cantonal School and the Wettingen Cantonal School .

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Böttstein  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b Beat Zehnder: The community names of the canton of Aargau . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 100 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1991, ISBN 3-7941-3122-3 , p. 95-96 .
  4. ↑ a b National map of Switzerland, sheet 1050, Swisstopo
  5. ↑ Standard area statistics - municipalities according to 4 main areas. Federal Statistical Office , November 26, 2018, accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  6. ^ Franx X. Wöber: The Miller von and zu Aichholz, part 1, p. 28 u. 29
  7. ^ Joseph Galliker, Marcel Giger: Municipal coat of arms of the Canton of Aargau . Lehrmittelverlag des Kantons Aargau, book 2004, ISBN 3-906738-07-8 , p. 128 .
  8. ↑ Population development in the municipalities of the Canton of Aargau since 1850. (Excel) In: Eidg. Volkszählung 2000. Statistics Aargau, 2001, archived from the original on October 8, 2018 ; accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Resident population by religious affiliation, 2015. (Excel) In: Population and Households, Community Tables 2015. Statistics Aargau, accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Swiss Federal Census 2000: Economic resident population by main language as well as by districts and municipalities. (Excel) Statistics Aargau, archived from the original on August 12, 2018 ; accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  11. ↑ circles of justice of the peace. Canton of Aargau, accessed on June 14, 2019 .
  12. ↑ Statistics of the corporate structure (STATENT). (Excel, 157 kB) Statistics Aargau, 2016, accessed on June 13, 2019 .