Heinrich-Johann von Droste zu Hülshoff
Heinrich-Johann von Droste zu Hülshoff (* January 23, 1735 , † April 5, 1798 ) was Komtur ( German Order ) a. a. the Coming Ramersdorf in Bonn and the German Order Coming St. Aegidius in Aachen , councilor of the Deutschordensballei Alden Biesen , lieutenant general and governor of Munster.
origin
Heinrich-Johann (II.) Von Droste zu Hülshoff was a son of Heinrich Wilhelm Droste zu Hülshoff (1704-1754) and his wife Anna Brigitta Droste zu Vischering , a daughter of Maximilian Heidenreich Droste zu Vischering (1684-1751). He belonged to the 18th generation of his family and was a younger brother of Clemens August I. von Droste zu Hülshoff (1730–1798), the grandfather of the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , who received the family property. Even their father was described by J. Holsenbürger as a skilful rider and fencer, which he demonstrated on his cavalier tour when he saved the life of a Princess Colonna in Rome who had run over the horses. She is said to have been so grateful to him that she gave him the right to adorn himself with the column from the family coat of arms of the Colonnas . The Colonna relations with the Holy See came in handy when he on his St. Peter's Square by a count Fugger to duel , this required in self-defense had stabbed, after which he brokered the princess sanctuary received. The cause of the duel was that Heinrich-Wilhelm had forgotten to drink Fugger at his farewell dinner in Salzburg, after which he - coming from a very rich, but not very aristocratic family - had sworn revenge. After this tragic incident, Heinrich-Wilhelm was never really happy in his life, although he is also said to have been a "master on the flute".
Life
Like his father described above, Heinrich-Johann was a handsome man, a skilled rider, marksman and fencer. In 1752 he was a cavalry officer. He entered the military service of the bishopric of Münster as a later son in 1754 as Rittmeister in the cavalry regiment Friedrich Florenz Raban von der Wenge , a position that his older brother Clemens-August I (1730–1798) had ceded to him after he had taken over the regiment Kidnapping of his bride Maria-Bernhardine, b. Freiin von der Recke (1733–1784), had abused. Incidentally, this brother was a godson of Prince-Bishop Clemens August of Bavaria , which may have contributed to the fact that Heinrich-Wilhelm was accepted into the Teutonic Order by Clemens August in 1756 , the Grand Master of which was the Prince-Bishop, and made a career there. At the same time, he was sworn to knighthood from a neighboring seat of Droste zu Hülshoff, Nienborg Castle , and took part in almost all state parliaments. On May 15, 1778, he attended the wedding of the widowed Countess Maria-Anna von Plettenberg- Wittem, nee. von Galen (1752–1829) with Clemens August von Ketteler (1751–1815). On this occasion he was portrayed in the uniform of the knighthood. He used his not inconsiderable income for the benefit of the von Droste zu Hülshoff family. In 1782 he acquired the town house on “Krummen Timpen” and “Beckerstiege”, which his brother Clemens August I and his family moved into during the renovation of Hülshoff Castle , which he also financed . His nephew Clemens-August II von Droste zu Hülshoff lived in this house with his family, including the poet Annette von Droste zu Hülshoff, during the frequent stays in the city . It was later bought by his brother, the composer Maximilian-Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff . For at least 15,000 thalers , Heinrich-Johann had Hülshoff Castle rebuilt in 1789–1794 to increase living comfort, which its owner, his brother Clemens-August, who lived mainly in the city, and his descendants did not like to see, because a lot of beautiful and ancient things were destroyed in the process has been.
Military career
Droste zu Hülshoff was in the military of the Prince Bishop of Münster a. a. 1768 Chief of the Cavalry Regiment "von Geldern". In the Teutonic Order he was several times commander . 1771–1776 he worked as Commander of the Coming Ramersdorf , 1776–1778 as Commander of Ordingen Sint-Truiden , 1778–1784 as Commander of the Teutonic Order of St. Aegidius in Aachen , 1784–1791 as Commander of Petersfuren (Commanderie van Sint-Pieters- Voeren ), 1791–1794 Komtur zu Gruitrode and 1794–1798 as Komtur zu Beckenforth ( Bekkevoort ). In 1784 (after the death of Landkomtur Caspar Anton von Belderbusch ) he administered the entire Deutschordensballlei Alden Biesen as its councilor. In this function he had close contacts with the Habsburg family and in 1784 brought the news of the election of Maximilian Franz of Austria as the new Prince-Bishop of Münster to Empress Maria Theresa , the mother of the chosen one, who gave him valuable gifts in return. This election of bishops for the incumbent Grand Master of the Teutonic Order was also made possible by the fact that Heinrich-Johann's younger brother, Ernst Konstantin von Droste zu Hülshoff (canon, 1736) , who had been asked to run as cathedral dean ( pin nobility ), had renounced it , convinced that only a prince from a powerful family could save the independence of the bishopric of Münster . Under this prince-bishop he became general in 1780 and in 1797 even as lieutenant general in command of the entire prince-bishop's army and governor of the prince-bishopric of Münster. This office coincided with the time when Prince-Bishop Maximilian-Franz was expelled by the French from his main bishopric in Cologne and from his Rhenish residences, Electoral Palace Bonn and Castles Augustusburg and Falkenlust in Brühl (Rhineland) . Heinrich-Johann was thus responsible for the military protection of the new residence of the Prince-Bishop's Palace in Münster .
literature
- Guido Daniels, Henriette Hubrechts, Lies Kerkhofs, Gilberte Mercken and Jozef Mertens: Die Landkommende Alden Biesen - tour through past and present. Openbaar Kunstbezit in Vlaanderen, 2003, ISBN 90-76099-57-X , D / 2003/7892/21
- Historical study center Alden Biesen: Leden van de duitse orde in de balije Biesen. Bilzen 1994, p. 50
- J. Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions. Munster i. W. 1869
- Rijksarchief te Hasselt: Inventories, 23, Inventories van het archief van de Balije Biesen van de duitse orde. Dal I and II
- Wilderich von Droste zu Hülshoff : Annette von Droste-Hülshoff in the field of tension of her family. Limburg 1998
- Wilderich from Droste to Hülshoff: 900 years of Droste to Hülshoff . Verlag LPV Hortense von Gelmini, Horben 2018, ISBN 978-3-936509-16-8
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b J. Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (by Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions . Münster iW, 1869.
- ↑ Portrait of a Teutonic Knight in Knighthood Uniform by Nicolas Monpeuer, LWL
- ^ Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe: Portrait of a Teutonic Knight in Knighthood Uniform. www.lwl.org/AIS5/Details/collect/7953
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Theodor de Croix |
Commander in Chief in Aachen 1778–1784 |
Johann Franz von Schaesberg |
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Droste zu Hülshoff, Heinrich-Johann von |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Droste zu Hülshoff, Heinrich Johann von |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German lieutenant general and governor of Munster |
DATE OF BIRTH | January 23, 1735 |
DATE OF DEATH | April 5, 1798 |