Clemens-August II of Droste zu Hülshoff

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Clemens-August II of Droste zu Hülshoff

Clemens-August II. Von Droste zu Hülshoff (born November 7, 1760 at Hülshoff Castle ; † July 25, 1826 there ) was a landowner, maire and souspréfet von Roxel and father of the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff .

Life

origin

Clemens-August II. Droste-Hulshoff was the eldest son of the captain and landowner Clemens August I. von Droste-Hulshoff (1730-1798) and his wife Maria Bernardina von der Recke -Steinfurt (1733-1784) on Hülshoff born and belonged to the 19th generation of his family. His father - a great-great-grandson of Bernhard II von Droste zu Hülshoff - is described by Johann Holsenbürger as a tall, stately man, trained in riding and fencing. He is said to have been cold and severe in his appearance and was feared more than loved by his children. He is also said to have lived more for the pleasure of hunting than for business. His mother, on the other hand, is praised as a “model of a woman” and a skilful landlady. She was highly musical and a talented painter, of whom a self-portrait can still be seen in Burg Hülshoff. She came from Haus Steinfurt and was the sole heir to a share of the extensive estates of her family branch. However, the Droste-Hülshoffs failed to register their claims in inheritance disputes between the von der Recke and Landsberg-Velen families in good time. The father Clemens-August I entered the military service of the bishopric of Münster as Rittmeister in the cavalry regiment Friedrich Florenz Raban von der Wenge , a position that he had to relinquish to his brother Heinrich-Johann von Droste zu Hülshoff after he took the regiment for kidnapping had abused his bride. The bride's father, Ferdinand Wilhelm von der Recke zu Steinfurt , commented on this incident by saying that reading too many English novels had turned her head. Incidentally, the father was a godson of Prince-Bishop Clemens August von Bayern , which explains the choice of this first name.

Because of the high costs and the renovation of Hülshoff Castle , which the father's brother, General Heinrich-Johann von Droste zu Hülshoff , carried out, Clemens-August II grew up largely in the family's town house, the “Gravenhorster Hof” on Krummen Timpen in Münster on. The younger brothers of Clemens-August II were the composer Maximilian-Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff , Ernst Konstantin von Droste zu Hülshoff on Haus Stapel and the cathedral provost of Münster Heinrich Johannes Franz von Droste zu Hülshoff . Like many ancestors and his son, Clemens-August II probably attended the Paulinum grammar school (Münster) and a university, which is next to his parents' house .

Marriage and family

With the death of his father, who had avoided Hülshoff Castle in the last years of his life due to the renovation work , Clemens-August II took over Gut Hülshoff with the construction site, which was not completed until 1796. In the same year he married Rosina von Boeselager zu Honenburg, who, however, died in the same year. In 1793 he married Therese von Haxthausen , a daughter of Werner Adolph von Haxthausen and the oldest (step) sister of Werner von Haxthausen and August von Haxthausen . She had lived in the canonical monastery of St. Bonifatius (Freckenhorst) since she was thirteen and had an excellent upbringing under Abbess Francisca Lucia von Korff zu Harkotten and Störmede . The young couple, who lived in the o. G. Stadthof the family lived, gave in Burg Hülshoff the expelled by the French Revolution Comte Jean Albert de Buisseret de Blaringhem (1730-1800) with his son Auguste and daughter Claire asylum until his death (an epitaph in the church of Roxel ). They stayed in Münster until at least 1795, where their eldest daughter, Jenny (1795–1859) was born, later married to Joseph von Laßberg . The other children were born in Hülshoff: Annette von Droste zu Hülshoff (1797–1848), the poet and son Werner-Constantin von Droste zu Hülshoff (1798–1867), heir to Hülshoff and a politician. The youngest son, Ferdinand von Droste zu Hülshoff (1802–1829), forester in the service of Anhalt , died at a young age.

Connections to the Catholic Enlightenment in Münster

Even after moving to Hülshoff, Clemens August II often stayed in Münster with his family, where they had been in contact with Anton Matthias Sprickmann, who lived opposite, and the district of Münster , who also had Clemens-August II's cousins, from 1790 onwards Droste belonged to Vischering . They also kept in close contact with Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg , in whose family Therese Droste zu Hülshoff's oldest half-brother Werner von Haxthausen was brought up from 1799–1801 . In 1800 you were among the first members of the Noble Ladies Club in Münster.

Act as lord of the castle

Clemens-August II was probably already involved in the renovation work on Hülshoff Castle , which his uncle had initiated, during his father's lifetime , and then with the move and the furnishings. Clemens-August II continued the construction work: near Hülshoff Castle, he had the swampy area to the south drained. For this purpose, the ditches were dug from the eastern and western tower of the outer bailey to the house pond. The almost silted up trench between the two towers was deepened. The current shape of the park, which he had designed as a landscape garden, goes back to him. In the housekeeping on Hülshoff, efforts were made to be thrifty: While there in 1675, in the time of the great-great-grandfather of Clemens-August II. Bernhard III. von Droste-Hülshoff , 105 people ate, in 1820 there were only 27 including the staff. His wife was known as a benefactor: According to Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , she went down every day to the stone staircase to the "respectable idlers" and made - besides giving alms - the "most beautiful conversation" with them. Family life at Hülshoff Castle was made famous by the poet.

Act as a squire

As a landlord, Clemens-August II was challenged during the secularization of the Principality of Münster (1803) and the subsequent political change of rule between Prussia (1803-1806 and from 1815) and the interlude of Napoleonic rule (1806-1815). There were military billeting in Hülshoff. He was successful as a landowner. He was able to establish that his father - in addition to the Country Estate to Hülshoff - 1775 a part of the old Big Stammguts Deckenbrock in Everswinkel had bought, which had not been more family-owned since 1572 for 5,242 dollars.

Perhaps to finance his construction work, Clemens-August II sold the old "Hülshoffer Hof" next to the Krameramtshaus in Münster to his brother Maximilian Friedrich von Droste zu Hülshoff in 1810 . In 1818 he also sold the "Gravenhorster Hof" in Münster. As the new ruler, the Kingdom of Prussia , in 1825 the landlords conceded a right of first refusal to indebted farms, used Clemens-August II.. He acquired prospectively for one year before his death as a widow seat that of Johann Conrad Schlaun built and formerly inhabited house Rüschhaus , his daughter, the poet Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, lived for a long time . The most important aspect of his work was the deep kinship with her, his characteristics became the breeding ground for her poetry.

Public offices under Napoleon

During the period of Napoleonic rule, Clemens-August II was made maire of the village of Roxel , later Souspréfet of an arrondissement , against his will . His official seat was Hülshoff Castle. These offices, with which also police duties were connected, he exercised between 1808 and 1810 for the Grand Duchy of Berg and between 1811 and 1813 directly for the First Empire . In contrast to the prefects , they were expensive but poorly paid.

Literary effect

The poet erected a literary monument to her parents in her fragment “In our country in the country”. She writes about it: That I "recognized my dear parents so clearly that you could point at them with your fingers - that was actually not my intention, I just wanted to borrow individual features ... now I'm afraid everyone will take it for portrait ..." (Letter of July 20, 1841 to August von Haxthausen ). It says about her tenderly beloved father: “Imagine a tall, stately man, with almost feminine hands and the smallest foot sticking strangely against his broad shoulders and chest, furthermore a very high, free forehead, extremely bright eyes, a strong aquiline nose and underneath Mouth and chin of a child, the whitest skin that ever disfigured a man's face and the whole head full of little curls, but gray, and the whole thing overwhelmed by a stream of mildness and good faith that it would have to excite a quarter rascal to deceive him and but makes it almost impossible for a double; The gentleman looks even noble, gracious and feudal, despite his gray country coat, which he seldom parted with. ”He has“ courage for three ”, but he prefers“ printed bloodshed ”. Annette reports that he read a lot, several hours a day, newspapers and always instructive, linguistic, historical, travelogues for a change. His violin playing is said to have been of seldom perfection, and he also composed. It describes how he practiced zoology and botany and collected old prophetic dreams and stories in his “liber mirabilis”. According to her description, he was part of the inner poetry of the Münsterland as the home of the Spökenkieker . There are many related traits in the poet's character and work. The poet judges that her mother was “spiritually higher” than her father, but that “the mind has seldom been so highly respected by the mind”. Her mother only held the reins because "the Lord is just too good to get along with the bad world".

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Holsenbürger: The gentlemen v. Eckenbrock (v. Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions , Vol. 2: 1570–1798 . Regensberg, Münster iW 1869, p. 223.
  2. ↑ Constantin von der Recke-Volmerstein (ed.): History of the Lords of the Recke . Louis Köhler, Breslau 1878, pp. 173–174.
  3. ↑ with the setting of new interior walls, Cornelia Blasber, Jochen Grywatsch (ed.): Annette von Droste-Hülshoff-Handbuch, 2018, p. 720
personal data
SURNAME Droste zu Hülshoff, Clemens-August II. Von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German landowner
DATE OF BIRTH November 7, 1760
PLACE OF BIRTH Hülshoff Castle
DATE OF DEATH July 25, 1826
Place of death Hülshoff Castle