Haskenau
| Haskenau | ||
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 Information board about the structure of the Haskenau |
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| Alternative name (s): | Haskenau Castle | |
| Creation time : | 12th Century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg, moth | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Place: | Muenster | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 1 '30 " N , 7 ° 41' 22" E | |
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The Haskenau , also called Wallburg Haskenau , is a defunct tower hill castle (Motte) in the area of the Westphalian city of Münster in North Rhine-Westphalia . It is located at the former confluence of the Werse into the Ems .
description
The complex has probably existed in the form of a settlement since Franconian times : shards from the Carolingian era were found during excavations .
In the 12th century, a massive wooden castle (or stone building) was built on a central tower hill. The tower hill was 30 meters in diameter. The height of the hill was 5 to 6 meters above the surrounding ground level and about 11 meters above the waterline. There was a ditch in front of it , to which the inner wall, about five meters wide, was connected. The outer protective wall surrounded the castle to the southeast at a distance of around 60 meters. It was provided with an outwork , the southern part of which is likely to date from the 13th century. Remnants of a picket fence were found. Between the walls there were farms on which, according to a list of goods from 1611, pigs were still fattened. The total area of the facility was around 2.5 hectares.
history
In medieval documents the Haskenau was probably referred to as "Sconowe" (Schönau or Hohenschönau). Finds of broken glass from the 12th to 16th centuries Century suggest an at least temporary use of the fortification until modern times , even if this no longer played a strategic role since the 15th century at the latest. In a document from 1226, Knight Hermann I von Münster is named as a resident. In 1268 and 1286 the castle, which was called a fortified house (lat. "Mansio"), was pledged by a descendant and sold in 1324 to the cathedral chapter of Münster . In 1424 and 1457, when they were sworn in, the bishops of Münster had to swear to defend the income and land there.
In the middle of the 15th century, the Spielbrink farm with Haskenau Castle belonged to Christina von Cleyhorst, who passed it on to her son Johann IV. Droste zu Hülshoff . In the 15th and 16th centuries, three generations of the former owners, the Droste zu Hülshoff family (the founder of this line was Alhard II .; † 1485), including the Münster mayor Everwin II von Droste zu Handorf , lived in Haskenau Castle . Archaeological finds speak for an agricultural use of the area, but this was common on hilltop castles at the time.
In 1611, Haskenau is only listed as a place for pig fattening in a list of the managed episcopal estates at Schöneflieth Castle near Greven.
The complex, of which only soil formations are preserved today, has been classified as a soil monument since 1987 .
Oddities
The author Alfred Lühl claimed from 1930 that the tower mound was in reality a burial mound in which the Roman general Germanicus had the fallen soldiers from the Varus battle buried, which actually took place in the Kattenvenner Moor. However, this does not stand up to any verification. After all, because of this, among other things, digging there in 1936.
View from the bridge over the Werse to the Haskenau
View into the outer wall
The neck ditch in front of the tower hill (right)
The Haskenau tower hill
literature
- Vera Brieske : The Haskenau near Handorf-Dorbaum , in early castles in Westphalia , Antiquities Commission for Westphalia, issue 18, Münster 2001
- Torsten Capelle: Wall castles in Westphalia-Lippe. Published by the Antiquities Commission for Westphalia, Münster 2010, ISSN 0939-4745 , p. 24 no. FBW18 ( Early Castles in Westphalia special volume 1 )
- Wilderich from Droste to Hülshoff : 900 years of Droste to Hülshoff . Verlag LPV Hortense von Gelmini, Horben 2018, ISBN 978-3-936509-16-8
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Vera Brieske: "Early castles in Westphalia", issue 18, p. 20, publisher. Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe, antiquity commission
- Jump up ↑ J. Holsenbürger: The Lords of Deckbrock (v. Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions, Münster iW 1869, p. 22.
- Jump up ↑ J. Holsenbürger: The Lords of Deckbrock (v. Droste-Hülshoff) and their possessions, 1868, pp. 25, 92, 93
- ↑ Holsenbürger puts after the statement that Alhard II inherited the Spielbrink farm and castle, "Haskenau (?)" With a question mark, so he is not sure. However, it was closely related to the Haskenau family who owned it. Johann IV von Droste, who was entrusted with the Spielbrink farm in 1402, inherited it from his mother, Elisabeth von Cleihorst. His father, the councilor of Münster, Alhard I (1342-1399), in turn, was a brother-in-law of the knight Ludwig von Münster, the family of the builder of the castle
- ↑ No other seat of this branch of the family is known either in Handorf or in Münster
- ↑ A. Lühl: Does the Teutoburg Forest carry its name rightly? Development and status of the Haskenau-Hermannschlacht question. What now?
- ↑ C. Spannhoff: Alles für die Katz '?: A historical anthology for the anniversary "700 years of Kattenvenne"