Brockdorff (noble family)

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Family arms of those von Brockdorff

Brockdorff is the name of a Holstein-Danish noble family who belong to the Equites Originarii (Holstein nobility ).

history

As early as 1167, Eilwardus de Bruchthorp appeared in a document for Duke Heinrich the Lion (Regesta Schauenburgensis, p. 30). The Westphalian lineage from Bruchtorf, which today belongs to Liebenau (which was previously called "Bruchthorpe"), which was in the diocese of Minden, died out around 1600. One of the last representatives is the Hamburg canon Balthasar von Brockdorff, who appeared in 1572.

Memorial stone on the church in Brokdorf , Holstein

The first Brockdorff in Holstein mentioned in a document is Hildelevus de Bruchtorp in 1220, founder of the village of Brokdorf , which today still cites the family's coat of arms in its coat of arms. The noble family had immigrated to the Wilstermarsch before 1200 with the noble lords of Schauenburg as Counts of Holstein and Stormarn (probably Adolf III) ; previously it was located in eastern Holstein (for example Hostholt near Röbel). Another Hildelevus de Bruchdorpe appears on December 11, 1302 as a witness for the Counts of Holstein . The tribe series begins in 1336 with the knight Marquardt von Brockdorff . On September 12, 1691, a branch of the noble family was elevated to Danish barons . The genealogically secured line begins with Detlev Siwertssohn († 1538) zu Windeby, his grandson Detlev Heinrichssohn († 1628) zu Windeby and Trittau is the progenitor of all lines that still exist.

It was this progenitor, Detlev Heinrichssohn von Brockdorff, who appeared in August 1608 as a prosecutor in a witch trial in Husum . Brockdorff's indictment was directed against Magdalene Peters from Rantrum , also known as Margarethe von Sethe. Detlev von Brockdorff believed that a relative, presumably his mother-in-law, was pursuing murder plans: This relative, according to Brockdorff, wanted to have his wife, daughter and himself killed with the help of the "sorceress" Margarethe von Sethe. Although several inconsistencies came to light during the questioning of the witnesses, Margarethe von Sethe was arrested and tortured. After her confession, the Husum court sentenced her to death by burning.

Heinrich Joachimssohn († 1500) zu Schrevenborn (now part of Heikendorf ), Detlev Siwertssohn's cousin zu Windeby , was the founder of the Schrevenborn line which died out with Detlev Joachimssohn († 1618). With Joachim Nikolaussohn († 15 ??) zu Warnow and Wulferstorp, a line of the noble von Brockdorff family comes into the light of history, the origin of which is unknown to us. The line can be traced from his grandson Joachim Klaussohn († 1579) zu Tralau , which remained in the family until 1647. She died out with his great-grandson, the Norwegian Colonel Detlev Iwenssohn († 1674). At the end of the 17th century, the Countess von Cosel's brothers became a branch of the family in Saxony.

In Denmark, the family with Cai Lorenz von Brockdorff († 1725) zu Kletkamp and Grünhaus received the feudal count as early as May 16, 1672 (in the primogeniture , those born later carry the title of baron ). In 1691 another branch, which died out in 1784, married the feudal barony of Scheelenborg (see below, Brockdorff af Scheelenborg ).

Possessions

Gut Kletkamp , owned by Count Brockdorff from 1612 until today

The Brockdorff estates in Schleswig-Holstein included the following aristocratic estates : Gut Altenhof (around 1550–1691), Gut Ascheberg (since 1855), Gut Depenau (1620–1765), Gut Dobersdorf , Gut Klein Nordsee (around 1700 to?), Gut Kluvensiek , Gut Noer (1680–1763), Gut Osterrade , Gut Rohlstorf (1661-18th century), Gut Sierhagen (18th century), Gut Testorf (18th / 19th century), Gut Tralau (1444–1647), Gut Windeby and Gut Wensin (1635-18th centuries) and from 1612 until today the Gut Kletkamp , which was acquired by marriage from the previous owners of Rantzau , who had owned it since 1387.

The Groß Schwansee castle estate in Mecklenburg was also owned by Brockdorff from around 1780 to 1792.

The Glückstädter Brockdorff-Palais was owned by the family for three generations in the 19th century and since then has borne their name, as has the Brockdorff-Palais in Amalienborg Palace (built in 1760 and sold to the royal family in 1765, today the residence of the heir to the Danish throne) .

Brockdorff from the Schney house in Franconia

Schney Castle , Upper Franconia

By marrying Susanne Elisabeth von Schaumberg (1691–1739), Cai Bertram Bendix von Brockdorff (May 4, 1680 - June 14, 1710), the younger son of Cai Lorenz von Brockdorff, acquired the Schney manor in Upper Franconia in 1706 . He received the Imperial Count of Vienna on May 6, 1706 (for Cay Bertram Benedikt von Brockdorff , on Schney, etc.)

His widow had Justus Heinrich Dientzenhofer built the Unterleiterbach Palace from 1737-39 . While Schney fell to his son, Count Lorenz Ernst Friedrich (1710-1753), who had it administered by a public official, Unterleiterbach also owned half of his sister Susanna Sophia Amalia, married von Hanxleden zu Delicke, which after the sale of this half in 1792 Disputes with the buyer Freiherr von Schaumberg led until his half was finally also taken over by the Brockdorff. It was sold within the family to a son-in-law Brockdorff from Kletkamp, ​​who sold Unterleiterbach in 1846. The all-modified Schney estate was sold in 1873.

Enrollment in the Kingdom of Bavaria in the count class on September 14, 1814 (for Christian Count von Brockdorff , on Schney to 1873, Letter Bach, etc.), imperial-royal council, former episcopal bambergischer Real parliament of the Canton Baunach Franconian imperial knights.

Brockdorff-Ahlefeldt

Gut Ascheberg , Holstein

A branch of Count Brockdorff, the Counts von Brockdorff-Ahlefeldt , descend from Konrad Graf von Brockdorff , who was adopted by Conrad Graf von Ahlefeldt in 1837 on Ascheberg in Holstein and other estates in Livonia . Gut Ascheberg is still owned by this line today.

Brockdorff-Dallwitz

Another branch was created through union with the aristocratic family Dallwitz ( Thilo Graf von Brockdorff-Ahlefeldt and Johanna von Dallwitz on Limbsee ) and the transfer of the Dallwitz property Limbsee in West Prussia to the hands of the new Counts von Brockdorff-Dallwitz in the 19th century.

Brockdorff af Scheelenborg

Scheelenborg

Danish baron patent with coat of arms association September 12, 1691 for the Danish Colonel Schack Heinrichssohn Brockdorff (1652-1730), married to Baroness Sophie Charlotte Wittinghof (f) (from the noble family Vietinghoff -Scheel) (1666-1732), heiress of the Danish barony Scheelenborg Funen (in the municipality of Stubberup Sogn on the Hindsholm peninsula) and the Birkholm estate (owned by Brockdorff: 1696–1735). The line expired in the male line in 1784, but was continued in the female line ( Stieglitz -Brockdorff, then from their heirs, the feudal barons Juel-Brockdorff, always to Barony Scheelenborg) until the sale of the Scheelenborg estate in 1982.

The name Buchwald -Brockdorff also goes back to this line, but already expired with the first title holder (since 1784) Ludolph Frederik Baron Buchwald-Brockdorff (1752-1812), as the marriage with the heiress of the Brockdorff barony of Scheelenborg was divorced without children, and he also left no children from his second marriage.

Brockdorff (1809)

There is also a von Brockdorff family who were ennobled in 1809 and which goes back to the four natural children of the ducal-Oldenburg court hunter Christian Friedrich Baron von Brockdorff (from the count's house) with Jeanette Sophie Hansen .

Brockdorff-Rantzau

Count Ulrich von Brockdorff-Rantzau (1869–1928) was born as Count zu Rantzau , his mother was a Brockdorff. His maternal great-uncle, Ludwig Ulrich Hans Baron von Brockdorff (* 1806; † 1875) and his wife Cäcilie von Brockdorff (1837–1912), adopted him in 1873 under the name Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau . He inherited the Annettenhöh country estate near Schleswig from his adoptive parents . In 1918/1919 he served as German foreign minister in the Scheidemann cabinet and in 1922 became ambassador to Soviet Russia .

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a silver, diagonally lying winged fish on blue (this rare heraldic animal also had the van Damme, who is related to the Brockdorfers, and also the Droste zu Hülshoff ). The shield image on the helmet with the blue and silver covers . Older depictions also show a natural peacock frond as a crest ornament .

The coat of arms of the Counts von Brockdorff from the House of Schney in Franconia shows the coat of arms as if it were raised to the Danish liege count in 1672; divided: above in red two facing golden lions, below in blue two upward-flying, facing, winged silver fish. (Since the upper and lower half of the shield is also shown split by a line, the shield appears to be square , but the rest of the shield content remains completely the same.) The shield holders mentioned in the diploma for the elevation to the liege count in 1672 : Two wreaths in green around the head and loin, Inward-looking wild men , holding a club in their right or left hand, were not officially awarded to Count Brockdorff-Schney in 1706, but instead the shield in the diploma of 1706 is simply surrounded by two palm branches , which are tied at the bottom by two red ribbons . Regardless of this, this branch now has a different coat of arms, namely the same shield as in 1672 (square), with the two shield holders from 1672, which stand with the shield on a pedestal , five crowned helmets rest on the shield , the middle one carries five ostrich feathers (Probably a twisted reminiscence of the peacock bump of the heraldic helmet ornament), the two outermost helmets carry the two fish as in a shield, turned inwards, the other two helmets the golden lions as in a shield, also turned inwards. The whole thing stands under the old count's crown , from which a coat of arms, tied upwards on the right and left, falls.

The Brockdorff-Ahlefeldt coat of arms is square with a golden cross bent at the ends and covered with a crowned golden heart shield, in which a silver bracke (with a golden collar) made of a red pillow with golden tassels sits. Fields 1 and 4 are split, on the right in blue a silver wing at the gap, on the left in silver two red bars (family coat of arms Ahlefeld). Fields 2 and 3 show a winged silver fish in blue (Brockdorff coat of arms).

The coat of arms of Barone Brockdorff af Scheelenborg is the same as that of Barone Vietinghoff- Scheel, only the heart shield is split, in front the Brockdorff's winged fish, behind the family coat of arms of Barons Vietinghoff-Scheel. The Kurland tribe of the Vietinghoffs has a miter in the main shield (and in the helmet ornament) and thus reminds of the bishop's candidacy of their ancestor from 1404/1405, the double-headed eagle is an imperial sign of mercy of the Vietinghoffs, barons crown on the main shield and also the shield holder, two brown griffins , come from the Vietinghoff baron coat of arms. On the barons crown above the main shield of the coat of arms of the Barons Brockdorff af Scheelenborg, however, the Brockdorff helmet with the winged fish.

For the coat of arms of the Barons Buchwald-Brockdorff, see Buchwaldt .

  • Family arms of those von Brockdorff

  • Coat of arms of the Counts of Brockdorff

  • Coat of arms at Schney Castle with two opposing lions as shield holders

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Brockdorff  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On the change in the meaning of the word field "Westphalia / Westphalian" see Karl Ditt: The Westphalia area in the historiography of the 20th century.
  2. ^ Bavarian State Library / German Research Foundation: Monumenta Germaniae Historica
  3. ↑ Hamburg Document Book, Volume I, No. 441
  4. ↑ Hamburg Document Book, Volume II, No. 30
  5. ↑ P. Hasse, Schlesw.-Holst.-Lauenburg. Regesta and documents III, No. 633
  6. ^ Rolf Schulte: Witch persecution in Schleswig-Holstein in the 16th to 18th centuries . Heide 2001, p. 123 .
  7. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein State Archives, Section 15 No. 2645/2647.
  8. ↑ GHdA, Adelslexikon Vol. II, p. 115
  9. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon Volume II, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1974
  10. ↑ Otto Hupp quote. GA Seyler : "Holsteinischer Uradel. In the 13th century only three persons with the name Hildelevus appear in the documents. The first 1220, the second 1260, the third from 1302. The documents give only an incomplete report, as three lines soon afterwards One line leads the flying fish across, the other at an angle. The third line even leads a completely different sign, a dog, to which belongs Heyno, called Hund, Vogt of Copenhagen Castle 1342, and Johannes, called Hund, 1342. The small helmets, however, agree on all three lines in the main.
  11. ↑ GHdA, Adelslexikon Vol. II, p. 115
  12. ^ Homepage Graf von Brockdorff ad H. Schney in Franconia ( Memento from December 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive )