Buchwaldt (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Buchwaldt

Buchwaldt , also Buchwald , is the name of an old Holstein and later Mecklenburg noble family . Members of the family were mainly in royal Danish service and gained property and prestige there. Branches of the family still exist today.

history

Epitaph of Anna von Buchwaldt (1597) in St. Mary's Church in Flensburg
Gosche von Buchwaldt (* 1624; † 1700)

origin

The lords of Buchwaldt belong to the Equites Originarii ( Latin - original knights ), the Schleswig-Holstein nobility. They moved from the marshes to Wagrien and appear in a document for the first time in 1233 with Sifridus de Bokwolde . The unbroken line of the family begins with him .

Spread and personalities

According to older literature, Detlev von Bockwold, already mentioned in 1203, also belongs to the family. He is named as a witness in a privilege of the city of Hamburg , issued by the Danish king. Accordingly, Conrad von Buchwaldt, who appears as provost of the Preetz monastery in 1286 , and Johannes (Johann) von Bokholt , who was bishop of Schleswig from 1308 to 1331 , were family members. Most of the rich property was lost after feuds against the Counts of Holstein and the city of Lübeck . Ten members of the sex were captured by the citizens of Lübeck during the clashes and beheaded publicly.

The remains of numerous castle complexes and fortified courtyards bear witness to the widespread presence of the family - for example Gosevelde Castle, Snykrode Castle , the Castle Hill in Offendorf , the Castle Hill in Groß Parin and the weir system in Hobbersdorf . In Johannstorf in northwest Mecklenburg the Buchwaldts built a moated castle, which was replaced in 1743 by a baroque mansion built by the heirs of the Schack von Buchwald family .

In the battle of the Danish King Johann I and his brother Duke Friedrich von Holstein against the Dithmarsch peasant republic in the battle of Hemmingstedt on February 17, 1500, six Buchwalds who were in Danish-Holstein service are said to have died.

Gottschlack von Buchwaldt, Herr auf Olpenitz , was initially ambassador and secret councilor to the Danish King Friedrich III. and later with his son and successor Christian V. Wolf, Caspar and Friedrich von Buchwaldt were royal Danish district administrators in 1637. Heinrich von Buchwaldt became a royal Danish colonel and Friedrich von Buchwaldt appeared in 1644 as a royal Swedish colonel. The former is probably identical to Buchwald, who appeared a little later as Danish Lieutenant General , and the latter was Swedish Major General in 1678 when the city of Stralsund fell to Kurbrandenburg during the Northern War , and from 1690 until his death in 1693 Swedish Governor of Wismar .

Hans Adolph was ducal district administrator in Holstein in 1661 and Caspar von Buchwaldt in 1682 . Gosche von Buchwaldt lived in 1690 as the Royal Danish Minister of State and Knight of the Elephant Order . At the beginning of the 19th century, Caspar von Buchwaldt was royal Danish chamberlain and district administrator on Seedorf (Segeberg district) , and Friedrich von Buchwaldt was royal Danish chamberlain, canon over Fyen and bailiff at Odense and Dalum. In the 19th century Kaspar von Buchwaldt was the royal Danish chamberlain and district administrator at Gut Pronstorf .

A branch was permanently established in Mecklenburg as early as the 13th century. Members of this branch were among the signatories of the Union of Estates in 1523 . During the 16th century, the Benitz and Johannsdorf estates were family-owned there. A Buchwaldt appears on the latter in 1712 as a royal Danish chamberlain . In the registration book of the Dobbertin monastery there are three entries by daughters of the von Buchwaldt families from Johannsdorf from the years 1746–1890 for inclusion in the local aristocratic women's monastery . Since the marriage of the maid of honor Margarete von Buchwald to Claus Schack, this line has been called Schack von Buchwald .

Status surveys

Frederic von Buchwald on Nedergaard / North Lolland, imperial lieutenant colonel on horseback, received the Danish aristocratic naturalization on April 26, 1642. The line died out with his son Joachim Christoph von Buchwaldt (1646–1685). Frederic von Buchwaldt, Royal Swedish Major General of the Cavalry, was raised to the status of Swedish baron on December 26, 1675 . His introduction to the baron class of the Swedish knighthood took place in 1680 under the number 68.

On May 26, 1784 Friedrich ( Ludolph Frederik ) von Buchwald, after his marriage to Charlotte Amalie Baronesse Brockdorff (* 1752, † 1811), heir of the former Vietinghoff barony of Scheelenborg, received the Danish baronate with the title Buchwald-Brockdorff . The marriage was divorced without children, and since Baron Frederik had no children with his second wife Sophie Magdalene de Leth (from Danish nobility, * 1752, † 1837), the title expired. His first wife married Wilhelm Theophil Stieglitz in 1787 , who in turn received the Danish baronate as Stieglitz-Brockdorff in 1790 , and thus continued their family on Scheelenborg.

Buchwaldscher Hof in Kiel

The Buchwaldsche Hof in Kiel around 1904
A column in memory of the Buchwaldschen Hof in Kiel, Dänische Straße 31

In the city of Kiel , near the Kleiner Kiel and Kiel Castle , a building was erected for Egidius von der Lancken in 1621 . In 1787 the farm was sold to Caspar von Buchwaldt on Seedorf. The semi-detached brick house with twin stepped gables - the noble Freihof of the Buchwaldes family was on the property at Dänische Strasse 31 - was the largest noble court in Kiel. On January 14, 1814, the Kiel Peace between Denmark, Sweden and England was concluded here. After severe damage in the Second World War in an air raid on May 22, 1944, the remaining rubble of the Buchwaldschen Hof was removed in 1956.

coat of arms

Family coat of arms in Danmarks nobility Aarbog 1913

Family coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a gold-crowned black bear head with a neck in a shield divided by silver and red . On the helmet with black and silver helmet covers on the right and red and silver covers on the left, the bear's head.

Baron coat of arms

The baronial coat of arms, awarded in 1675, is quartered and covered with a heart shield (the family coat of arms). 1 split by red and silver, 2 and 3 in purple a crowned golden lion with eight blue flags in its paws, 4 in blue an upright red-tongued silver wolf (coat of arms von der Wisch). The coat of arms has two helmets, on the right with red and silver covers the bear's head of the family coat of arms, on the left helmet with blue and gold covers the lion with the flags.

Buchwald-Brockdorff coat of arms

The coat of arms of Baron Buchwald-Brockdorff, awarded in royal Danish 1784, is square and covered with a split heart shield , inside on the right in blue a winged silver fish flying diagonally upwards (coat of arms of Brockdorff ), on the left in gold a slanted left bar covered with three shells (Vietinghoff Scheel) . 1 and 4 in blue a golden bishop's hat (Vietinghoff Scheel: memory of bishop's candidacy 15th century), 2 and 3 in gold a red-armored black double-headed eagle (imperial sign of grace for Vietinghoff Scheel). The coat of arms has two helmets, on the right with blue and silver covers the winged fish (von Brockdorff), on the left with black and silver covers the bear head of the Buchwald coat of arms. Shield holder : two brown griffins.

Official and local coats of arms

Elements and colors from the coat of arms of the Buchwaldt family still appear today in some of Schleswig-Holstein's official and community coats of arms.

Name bearer

Schleswig-Holstein

Canons in Lübeck

  • Christoph von Buchwaldt (1751–1828), Lübeck canon since August 8, 1758
  • Hinrich von Buchwald († 1685), Lübeck canon since June 6, 1668
  • Hinrich von Buchwald († 1753), Lübeck canon since March 8, 1742
  • Schack von Buchwald († 1770), Lübeck canon since April 5, 1741

Mecklenburg

Possessions

The numerous goods that were at least temporarily owned by the Buchwaldt family include Gut Borstel , Gut Ehlerstorf , Gut Grünholz , Gut Grabau , Gut Jersbek , Gut Knoop , Gut Pronstorf , Gut Sierhagen , Gut Testorf , Gut Tralau , Gut Wensin .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Document book of the Diocese of Lübeck I 74
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume II, Volume 58 of the complete series, page 153
  3. ↑ Johannes II. Von Bokholt was the son of Lübeck councilor Siegfried von Bokholt and the coat of arms of the Lübeck Bokholt family are fundamentally different from the Buchwaldtschen ...
  4. ↑ a b c New General German Adels Lexicon , Volume 3, Pages 123–124
  5. ↑ a b The Holy Roman Empire Genealogisch-Historisches Adels-Lexicon , page 276–277
  6. ↑ List of the knights and squires who died on February 17th, 1500 near Hemmingstedt
  7. ↑ Maren Lorenz : The Wheel of Violence: Military and Civilian Population in Northern Germany after the Thirty Years War (1650-1700) , Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2007, p. 65
  8. ↑ Kösener corps lists 1910, 116 , 58
  9. ↑ Danmarks Nobility Aarbog
  10. ↑ Paul Steffen: ... my address is Bordesholm, Bordesholm 1988, see [1]
  11. ↑ Manfred Jessen-Klingenberg : The Buchwaldtsche Hof and the Kiel Peace of 1814. In: Encounters with Kiel. Gift of the Christian-Albrechts-Universität for the 750th anniversary of the city. Edited by Werner Paravicini. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1992, ISBN 3-529-02722-7 , pp. 88-91.
  12. ^ Hartwig Beseler, Niels Gutschow: Kriegsschicksale Deutscher Architektur. Volume I: North. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1988, p. 9.
  13. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein's municipal coat of arms ( memento of the original dated November 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.schleswig-holstein.de

literature

Web links

Commons : Buchwaldt  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: The Buchwalden (Lübische Sage)  - sources and full texts