Baunach

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Baunach
Baunach
Map of Germany, position of the city of Baunach highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 59 '  N , 10 ° 51'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Franconia
County : Bamberg
Management Community : Baunach
Height : 238 m above sea level NHN
Area : 32.14 km 2
Residents: 3984 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 124 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 96148
Area code : 09544
License plate : BA
Community key : 09 4 71 115
City structure: 8 districts

City administration address : 		Bamberger Strasse 1
96148 Baunach
Website : www.vg-baunach.de
Mayor : Tobias Roppel (CBB)
Location of the city of Baunach in the Bamberg district
Landkreis Haßberge Landkreis Schweinfurt Landkreis Kitzingen Landkreis Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim Pommersfelden Landkreis Erlangen-Höchstadt Landkreis Coburg Landkreis Kulmbach Landkreis Bayreuth Landkreis Lichtenfels Bamberg Landkreis Forchheim Zückshuter Forst Winkelhofer Forst Steinachsrangen Semberg Lindach (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Koppenwinder Forst Hauptsmoorwald Geisberger Forst Eichwald (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Ebracher Forst Ebracher Forst Walsdorf (Oberfranken) Rattelsdorf Baunach Reckendorf Lauter (Oberfranken) Gerach (Oberfranken) Gundelsheim (Oberfranken) Hallstadt Schlüsselfeld Zapfendorf Wattendorf Viereth-Trunstadt Strullendorf Stegaurach Stadelhofen Schönbrunn im Steigerwald Scheßlitz Priesendorf Pommersfelden Pommersfelden Pettstadt Oberhaid (Oberfranken) Litzendorf Lisberg Königsfeld (Oberfranken) Kemmern Hirschaid Frensdorf Ebrach Buttenheim Burgwindheim Burgebrach Breitengüßbach Bischberg Altendorf (Landkreis Bamberg) Memmelsdorf Heiligenstadt in Oberfrankenmap
About this picture
View of Baunach
View of Baunach

Baunach is a town in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg and the seat of the Baunach administrative community . Baunach has about 4,000 inhabitants. Until the regional reform in 1972 , Baunach belonged to the Lower Franconian district of Ebern .

The city has a history of over 1000 years.

The place name comes from the Indo-European word for river: bunahu (literally translated into German : swelling water). In the first documentary mention from the year 803, the name was already " bunaha ".

Due to the historical importance of Baunach, a tourist sign on the nearby federal motorway BAB 73 was dedicated to the city.

geography

Geographical location

Baunach calls itself the "Franconian three-river city" because it lies on Baunach , Lauter and Main . These three rivers are also based on the coat of arms, in which a golden pike lies over three rivers. The Itz with its extensive floodplains also flows through the municipality .

One of the local mountains, the Kraiberg (also called Greinberg), is the southernmost mountain of the Altensteiner Rhätolias ridge ( Zeilberge ) and belongs to the southwest of Itz-Baunach hill country .

The municipality is located in the Upper Franconian part of the Haßberge Nature Park and in the Franconian Keuper-Lias-Land . The second local mountain of Baunach is the Stiefenberg , on which the stepped castle was once located.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring municipalities are (starting from the north clockwise): Gerach , Reckendorf , Rattelsdorf , Breitengüßbach , Kemmern , Oberhaid , Lauter , Breitbrunn and Ebelsbach (both districts of Haßberge , Lower Franconia ).

Community structure

There are eight districts (population as of January 2, 2019 in brackets):

There are the following districts : Appendorf , Baunach, Daschendorf, Dorgendorf, Priegendorf, Reckenneusig, Stiefenberg , Daschendorfer Forst , Lußberger Forst .

history

Until the 18th century

The city of Baunach, the old Bunaha, lies in the area of ​​a prehistoric settlement area, the core of which was the Staffelberg . 50 burial mounds in the woods in the vicinity as well as a number of refuges from the Hallstatt and Latène times provide information. Prehistoric highways led through the city from the Regnitz basin to Thuringia and the Saale region. Baunach was founded in the second Franconian settlement period from 650 to 750 AD by Franconian counts who named the place after the building stream. The first documentary mention is from July 4, 802. The first city charter was granted by Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian in 1328.

The Bamberg Bishop Anton von Rotenhan awarded the Baunach market with the certificate of July 15, 1447 "a sigill and panir". In the sign “sullen steen drey water flow. And through the same three streams of water, a whole pike with its head from one upper corner of the schilt .... geen ”. The seal and banner letter handed down in a copy from the 15th century contains no color description. It was fixed later. The three wave piles symbolize the rivers Baunach, Lauter and Main. The pike represents the abundance of fish. The legend of the seal read, according to the seal letter, "SIGILLUM CIVIUM IN BAWNACH." In a colored coat of arms, made under Prince Bishop Johann Philipp von Gebsattel (1599-1609), the following colors were determined: three silver streams on a red background, occupied by a pike in Gold.

Baunach Castle

At that time, Baunach was also the seat of the office of the knight canton of Baunach , which belonged to the Franconian knight circle . Later it was the upper bailiff's office until the secularization and belonged to the bishopric of Bamberg . The last execution was carried out in Baunach in 1727 .

The associated district of Daschendorf was bought by the Lords of Lichtenstein in 1629 to the Lords of Streitberg, who owned the estate and castle until 1690.

19th and 20th centuries

Since the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 the place belongs to Bavaria . When, in the wake of the political upheavals at the beginning of the 19th century, the municipal system in Franconia was reorganized from Munich , Baunach lost its town charter. With the announcement of May 11, 1954 by the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior, the Baunach market was again given the designation "City". In 1946, Baunach was an agricultural town. This picture has changed fundamentally. In the last 50 years it has developed into a modern small town. Many displaced persons and refugees from the Sudetenland and the Egerland were settled in Baunach . For this reason Bamberg took over the sponsorship for Baunach.

The last active master miller to own the Tremelsmühle was Karl Oswald.

On the history of the Überkum

Viktor Überkom (or Überkum) is the city's patron saint and adorns the market square as a statue.

According to legend, a man named Überkom lived in the market town of Baunach around 1400. This pious Christian was distinguished by many pilgrimages to Santiago de Compostela . He also donated a chapel in which he wanted to be buried. Überkum died in 1440 and the Magdalen Chapel was built over his grave on a hill near the village (which is now in the settlement area) .

According to legend, he intended to be buried at the place where his blind horses would pull him on a loop. God should determine the place of burial for him. However, the Baunach people considered this place unsuitable and began to build a chapel a little further below. Only when their daily work had been transferred to the named place several times at night did they continue building on this place.

The chapel soon became a place of pilgrimage due to various miracles. Überkum was beatified in 1508. The plan to canonize Überkum was abandoned in the turmoil of the Reformation . Nevertheless, Bishop Lorenz von Bibra allowed a solemn service in honor of the pilgrim on the Wednesday after Easter, which is still celebrated in Baunach today.

Development of the urban area

After the Second World War, numerous new building areas were designated. In total, over 20 new settlements were built within a few decades.

Incorporations

On April 1, 1971, part of the former municipality of Appendorf was incorporated. On July 1, 1971, the Daschendorf municipality was added. Dorgendorf, Priegendorf and Reckenneusig followed on January 1, 1972.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the city grew from 3219 to 4019 by 800 inhabitants or 24.9%.

year 1939 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 1995 1999 2005 2010 2015
Residents 1990 2735 2712 2914 3174 3387 3698 3891 3943 3942 4005

religion

According to the census on May 9, 2011, 74.5% of the population are Roman Catholic and 13.2% Evangelical Lutheran. 12.3% of the population belong to another religion or are non-denominational.

dialect

An East Franconian dialect is spoken in Baunach , specifically Bamberg .

politics

City council

After the local elections in 2020, the 16 seats in the local council were distributed as follows:

year CSU SPD Christian Citizenship Baunach (CBB) Christian Electoral Union (CWU) Young List Baunach (JLB) The party total
2020 4th 3 6th 2 - 1 16
2014 5 3 6th 1 1 - 16
2008 5 4th 6th 1 - - 16
2002 6th 4th 5 1 - - 16
1996 7th 5 3 1 - - 16
1990 7th 6th 2 1 - - 16

mayor

The new town hall, formerly a school

In the local elections on March 15, 2020 , Tobias Roppel (CBB) was elected mayor. With a turnout of 73.4%, this received 52.2% of the valid votes. Its predecessor was Ekkehard Hojer from the Christian Citizenship Baunach (CBB) since 2002. In 2002 he won with 59% of the votes against Reinhold Schweda (CSU), in 2008 with 85.31% against Jürgen Gleußner (CSU) and in 2014 against Andrea Weigler (CSU) and Peter Großkopf (SPD) with 56.72%. Hojer was the successor to Georg Wild (CSU).

Administrative community

Baunach is the seat of the Baunach administrative community , which also includes the communities of Reckendorf , Lauter and Gerach .

Town twinning

The town of Bad Lausick in Saxony has been the twin town of Baunach since October 6, 1990 . Bamberg is the sponsor city of Baunach.

coat of arms

Blasonierung : In three silver Red shaft piles, covered with a slanting golden Fisch.1447

Legal basis: Awarded by Prince-Bishop Anton von Rotenhan (document dated July 15, 1447).

Economy and Infrastructure

Schools and kindergartens

In Baunach there is the Baunach Association School, which combines a primary school and a middle school (Bavarian further development of the secondary school ). As secondary schools there are in boars and Scheßlitz secondary schools in Bamberg and boars schools . The next vocational school is in Bamberg.

Voluntary fire brigades

There are volunteer fire brigades in Baunach, Daschendorf, Dorgendorf, Priegendorf and Reckenneusig. The Baunach voluntary fire brigade is the base fire brigade of the inspection area 2/3 of the Bamberg district. It currently has three emergency vehicles, including two fire engines (an LF 16/12 and an HLF 10/6 ), an MTW and a command vehicle . In addition, a trailer head AL 16. In Reckenneusig is a TSF , in Priegendorf the formerly stationed in demand for construction and now been converted into the TSF LF 8 .

Established businesses

The largest include the Messingschlager GmbH & Co. KG, Seba Dynatronic ® Mess- und Ortungstechnik GmbH, Wills Ideenschmiede Sondermaschinenbau, the FGB Liquid Gas GmbH, Fritz Hegenwald GmbH and HSG Heating-Sanitary-Gehring GmbH. There are also numerous medium-sized companies.

Breweries

The Sippel brewery, which was founded in 1648 and has an output of around 350 hectoliters per year, was located in the city, making it one of the smallest breweries in the world. It had to stop production in 2010. Until 1987 there was the brewery zum Löwen (owner: Theo Schmitt) and until 1989 the Baunacher Brauhaus / Lechnerbräu ( step castle beer ).

Transport links

The city lies on the federal highway 279 and is about three kilometers from the federal highway A73 . The station on the Breitengüßbach – Ebern railway line is served every hour.

tax income

In 2008 the municipal tax revenue amounted to 2.816 million euros, of which 1.102 million euros were trade tax revenues (net). The 122 sales taxpayers generated approx. 138,310,000 euros in taxable sales from deliveries and services in 2008.

Recreational sports facilities, clubs

  • Soccer field (1. FC Baunach 1911 e.V.)
  • Tennis court (1. FC Baunach 1911 e.V., TC Baunach)
  • Indoor swimming pool (Baunach water rescue service)
  • Gym (1. FC Baunach 1911 e.V. departments basketball and table tennis, gymnastics group)
  • Skater track
  • Swimming lake Brückenhaussee (Baunach water rescue service, Baunach fishing club)
  • Bowling alley (SKK Baunach)
  • Fishing ponds (Baunach Anglers' Association)
  • Music associations: Stadtkapelle Baunach, Corso-Band, Just for Ouzo, The Elements, choral associations
  • Nature associations, fruit and horticultural association , hiking club
  • 1. FC Baunach with a large football and basketball department (Baunach Young Pikes)

Culture and sights

Museums

The Baunach Local History Museum in the Old Town Hall (Schadeck Castle) with testimonies from prehistory and early history, the town and church history and Baunach club life, as well as tools from agriculture, the historical crafts and from the middle-class and rural household. In the former meeting room of the town hall there is an extensive collection by the painter and graphic artist Max Schnös .

Buildings

  • Historic market square with half-timbered houses, u. a. the Obleyhof, which was first mentioned in a document in 1385 and was owned by the Bamberg cathedral chapter. In each case one cathedral chapter received the court as an Obley (encore); Fountain with a statue of the blessed Überkum.
  • Parish Church of St Oswald, 823 by the Bishop of Wurzburg Wolfger the Holy Oswald consecrated, with a tower dating back to 1244, and choir to 1460. The Baroque high altar completes the ensemble. It is one of the oldest churches in the Bamberg district. Every three years at Easter, the Holy Sepulcher can be seen, which describes parts of salvation history. Another attraction in the church is the organ. Next to the church is a former two-story ossuary . According to a wooden plaque on the building, the late Gothic building was the cemetery chapel from 1543 to 1803. The cemetery had to give way to the rectory. The new cemetery is located by the Magdalenenkapelle, which used to be a well-known place of pilgrimage.
  • Late Gothic Magdalenenkapelle at the cemetery: first mentioned in a document in 1401, expanded in 1473 with the foundation of the blessed Überkum; inside there is a high altar from 1693 and the grave of the blessed Überkum.
  • Tithe barn; The tithe , the tax in kind for the Fulda subsidiary Holzkirchen monastery, was stored there .
  • Schächer, a small chapel with a wooden cross from 1520, stands on the way to the former execution site.
  • Old town hall, called Schadeck Castle, built from 1742 to 1746 by master builder Justus Dientzenhofer; it houses the local history museum.
  • Remains of the old city wall with Marienmarter around 1720
  • Prince-Bishop's official palace, also known as the hunting lodge, a late baroque building, built between 1689 and 1692 as a "Kastenhof" by order of the Prince-Bishop of Bamberg Marquard Sebastian Schenk von Stauffenberg and later his successor, Prince-Bishop Lothar Franz von Schönborn . The architect was Leonhard Dientzenhofer . In the building there were rooms for the administration of the Baunach office belonging to the bishopric, on the first floor there were state rooms for the prince-bishop and his hunting guests and in the attic there was a granary. From 1832 to 1870 the district court was housed in the building, then the district court until 1932. The building was empty from 1932 to 1939. From 1939 the building housed a branch of the Lichtenfels clothing factory Striegel und Wagner (Striwa) with around 150 employees. Mostly aviator outfits were produced. After it was captured by the American army in World War II, an armed forces headquarters were established there. The textile factory was closed during this time and resumed work after the Americans left. Coats and trousers were produced until the Striwa was closed in 1982. From 1982 to 2008 the building was again empty until it was restored in cooperation with the non-profit hospital company of the Bamberg district mbH Seniotel according to the plans of the Bamberg architects Vollmann and Postler for 8.2 million euros and converted into a senior citizen center with a practice for physiotherapy . A new building was added on the river side. On January 1st, 2009 the Seniotel with 48 care places was inaugurated.
  • Wooden men, an oak gate with two men. It originally stood in front of the building opposite, the old Kastenhof, which housed the court from 1710 to 1803. It is now at the confluence of Überkumstrasse and B 279 (Hassbergstrasse).
  • Youth home, formerly a children's institution, built in 1911 as a foundation of the veterinarian Dr. According to the memorial plaque, Max Schmitt was born in Munich on January 10, 1864 and died in Baunach on November 30, 1902. It was a kindergarten until 1976 and has been used as a youth home since the renovation in 1986.

  • Historic market square with a view of the church, maypole and Überkum fountain

  • The market square with a view of the Obleyhof

  • Old charnel house behind the St. Oswald church

  • Schadeck Castle, formerly the town hall, now used as a local museum

  • Obleyhof

  • railway station

  • Schrepfersmühle (Tremelsmühle) and parish church with ossuary from the Baunach

  • The old kindergarten or youth home on the Lauter

  • The wooden men. The former gate of the Kastenhof (around 1710).

  • Old bridge over the Baunach

  • Baunach Castle (today a senior citizen center)

Regular events

Regular events are, for example, the parish fair, the old town festival, the Oktoberfest of the local cultural ring (OKR), the Magdalenenmarkt and the Christmas market.

Personalities

literature

  • Aloys Schenk: Chronicle of Baunach . 1924 (Reprint Baunach, 2001 = Chronik Stadt Baunach. ISBN 3-88778-255-0 )
  • Karl Krimm: City and Office of Baunach - a contribution to local history . Hallstadt 1974 (Reprint Baunach, 2001 = Chronicle City of Baunach. ISBN 3-88778-264-X )
  • Baunach. Festschrift of the city of Baunach for the 1175 anniversary and the 650th anniversary of the award of the city charter, 803 - 1328 - 1978 (historical and statistical information about the city). Baunach 1978
  • Baunach and its districts in pictures from days gone by . Horb am Neckar 1989. ISBN 3-89264-408-X
  • Erich Walter: 1200 years old Baunach - city and landscape (local supplement to the Upper Franconian School Gazette, 297). Bayreuth 2002
  • Chronicle of the city of Baunach, 3 . Baunach 2002. ISBN 3-88778-257-7 (for other volumes see Schenk and Grimm)

Web links

Commons : Baunach  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Baunach in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Announcement of the final result of the election of the first mayor on March 15th, 2020. (PDF) City of Baunach, March 26, 2020, accessed on May 27, 2020 .
  3. ^ VG Baunach - History of the City of Baunach
  4. ↑ Welcome board after the entrance sign on the federal road
  5. ↑ Haßberge Nature Park: Franconian three-river town of Baunach
  6. ↑ bayern-online.de: Franconian three rivers city of Baunach
  7. ^ Baunach community in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on January 24, 2018.
  8. ↑ Population of the city of Baunach with districts | Population numbers (with main and secondary apartments). City of Baunach, July 3, 2019, accessed on December 28, 2019 .
  9. ↑ www.dieter-zoeberlein.de, Die von Streitberg, History of a Franconian noble family (accessed on October 19, 2018)
  10. ↑ Dieter Zöberlein, Die von Streitberg, History of a Franconian Aristocratic Family, self-published, Burggrub 2018, Part 2, pp. 183–188.
  11. ↑ twinning and patronage; Bamberg
  12. ↑ PDF .
  13. ↑ History of the Magdalenenkapelle  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Toter Link / pfarrei-baunach.de  
  14. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 452 .
  15. ↑ The Junge Liste Baunach (JLB) was only founded in 2013.
  16. ↑ Statistics communal Baunach 2009
  17. ↑ Sales tax statistics Free State of Bavaria 2009
  18. ↑ a b c cf. this Our parish , parish of St. Oswald - Baunach; accessed October 30, 2018.
  19. ↑ Website of the Baunach administrative association , accessed on July 23, 2018
  20. ↑ Article 13 People are already living in the castle from January 23, 2009, online on the Internet pages of the Upper Franconian Media Group, accessed on July 25, 2018