Itz-Baunach hill country

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Itz-Baunach hill country
Highest peak Büchelberg ( 467  m )
part of Franconian Keuper-Lias-Landes
Classification according to Federal Institute for Regional Studies , BfN
Itz-Baunach-Hügelland (Bavaria)
Itz-Baunach hill country
Coordinates 50 ° 6 ′  N , 10 ° 52 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′  N , 10 ° 52 ′  E
surface 1,220 km²
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The Itz-Baunach-Hügelland is a natural spatial main unit (code number 117) of the main unit group Franconian Keuper-Lias-Land (11) at the interface of the Keuper - to the Lias level of the south-west German layer level country in Franconia . The hilly country of around 1220 km² extends to the right and thus north of the added Main Aue between Lichtenfels and Bamberg (in the southeast) and the Haßberge in the south-west; in the east of the north the area stretches from the eponymous rivers Itz and Baunach to Coburg .

Location and limits

The Itz-Baunach hill country is located in the districts of Hildburghausen (west north), Coburg (northeast), Lichtenfels (east), Bamberg (south), Haßberge (west) and Rhön-Grabfeld (small parts in the north west). It also contains larger parts of the independent cities of Bamberg (extreme south, practically complete) and Coburg (eastern north, 80% of the urban area). The parts belonging to the districts of Haßberge and Rhön-Grabfeld are, as well as smaller parts of the hill country in the northwestern district of Bamberg, in the Haßberge Nature Park .

In the southeast, the landscape contains the Main valley between the Rodach estuary above Lichtenfels and the city of Bamberg. It mainly extends over the catchment areas of the eponymous right tributaries Itz (without headwaters in the Thuringian Slate Mountains , Langen Bergen and Grabfeld ) and Baunach (without western headwells in the Haßbergen) as well as the right tributaries of the Steinach , which as Eastern border already introduces the Upper Main hill country .

Natural structure

The handbook of the natural division of Germany lists the Itz-Baunach-Hügelland as the main natural unit of the main unit group Franconian Keuper-Lias-Land . A distinction is made between the following sub-natural areas:

Landscape characteristics

The Itz-Baunach hill country is not a completely homogeneous landscape. In its character it combines features of the Keuperbergland with those of the foreland of the Franconian Alb .

In the south-western part, which roofs the Haßberge to the east, wooded (deciduous forest, meanwhile also spruce and pine forests) silts and remnants of sandstone plateaus dominate . Here heights of over 460 meters are reached in the so-called Zeilbergen . The natural border to the Haßberge lies somewhat to the west of the Baunach, which is generally regarded as such . Basalt mining on the Zeilberg is of economic importance.

In the north there are larger contiguous forest areas on the border between Upper Franconia and Thuringia . At the Veste Coburg east of these forests are also exceeded 460 meters.

The eastern part, on the other hand, is determined by fertile Lias islands, which are fringed by sandstone steps of the Rhät and which are underlain by heavy clays . There is meadowland, in the south vines and hops were also grown in the past. Forest only occurs like islands at higher elevations.

The river valleys are filled with gravel and sand. The bottom of the valley sinks from about 300 to below 240 meters near Bamberg. On the Itz , grassland dominates, while on the Baunach, arable farming takes up larger areas. The terraces of the three-kilometer-wide valley area of ​​the Main are also used for arable farming. All river valleys are much more densely populated than the rest of the landscape.

The tertiary volcanic area of ​​the Heldburger Gangschar ran straight through the individual landscapes from north to south , whose witnesses include the Zeilberg and the peaks of Straufhain and Veste Heldburg in the north.

A total of 921 km 2 of the area is protected as a wooded area.

Rivers

The Itz-Baunach hill country is divided from west to east by the following rivers running south to the Main and orographically divided into Riedel and ridges:

mountains

The following mountains are concise for the Itz-Baunach hill country (in brackets the height above sea level; the orographic classification between the river valleys is partly given):

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b landscape characteristics of BfN :
  2. ↑ a b map services ( memento of the original from December 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the BfN @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfn.de
  3. ↑ Heinz Späth: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 141 Coburg - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1987 → online map
  4. ↑ a b E. Meynen , J. Schmithüsen : Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960)
  5. ↑ Exact name unknown!