Buttenheim

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Buttenheim market
Buttenheim
Map of Germany, position of the Buttenheim market highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 48 '  N , 11 ° 2'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Franconia
County : Bamberg
Height : 273 m above sea level NHN
Area : 30.06 km 2
Residents: 3642 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 121 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 96155
Area code : 09545
License plate : BA
Community key : 09 4 71 123
Market structure: 10 districts

Market administration address :
Main street 15
96155 Buttenheim
Website : www.buttenheim.de
Mayor : Michael Karmann ( CSU / ZWdG)
Location of the Buttenheim market in the Bamberg district
Landkreis Haßberge Landkreis Schweinfurt Landkreis Kitzingen Landkreis Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim Pommersfelden Landkreis Erlangen-Höchstadt Landkreis Coburg Landkreis Kulmbach Landkreis Bayreuth Landkreis Lichtenfels Bamberg Landkreis Forchheim Zückshuter Forst Winkelhofer Forst Steinachsrangen Semberg Lindach (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Koppenwinder Forst Hauptsmoorwald Geisberger Forst Eichwald (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Ebracher Forst Ebracher Forst Walsdorf (Oberfranken) Rattelsdorf Baunach Reckendorf Lauter (Oberfranken) Gerach (Oberfranken) Gundelsheim (Oberfranken) Hallstadt Schlüsselfeld Zapfendorf Wattendorf Viereth-Trunstadt Strullendorf Stegaurach Stadelhofen Schönbrunn im Steigerwald Scheßlitz Priesendorf Pommersfelden Pommersfelden Pettstadt Oberhaid (Oberfranken) Litzendorf Lisberg Königsfeld (Oberfranken) Kemmern Hirschaid Frensdorf Ebrach Buttenheim Burgwindheim Burgebrach Breitengüßbach Bischberg Altendorf (Landkreis Bamberg) Memmelsdorf Heiligenstadt in Oberfrankenmap
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Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / market

Buttenheim is a market in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg and is located in the Regnitz Valley between Bamberg and Nuremberg .

Buttenheim is the birthplace of the jeans inventor Levi Strauss , who emigrated to the USA with his mother from there .

geography

Deichselbach in the Frankendorf district

Community structure

Buttenheim is divided into ten districts (with population figures):

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise): Strullendorf , Heiligenstadt in Upper Franconia , Eggolsheim ( Forchheim district ), Altendorf and Hirschaid .

history

Until the church is planted

Buttenheim, "Home of Botho", was first mentioned in a document in 1017. The place is located on the north-south traffic axis of the Regnitz valley and was probably founded around 550. During a river trip from Forchheim to Würzburg , Charlemagne ordered in 793 that churches should be built in the Regnitz area to convert the Slavs . It is assumed that one of the 14 Slavic churches was located in Buttenheim , which was built in Radenzgau around 800 as part of the Slavic Mission .

Rectory on Hauptstrasse

Until the middle of the 17th century, Buttenheim was the most important place between Bamberg and Forchheim. The old trade route ran through Buttenheim from Regensburg via Bamberg / Hallstadt to Magdeburg. In addition, Sachsenstrasse, another old connection, led from west to east from the Steigerwald via Hirschaid to Franconian Switzerland . It is partly identical to today's State Road 2260.

The Lords of Schlüsselberg , who were first mentioned in 1304, were based in Buttenheim and owned land, the court and the rulership of the village there until 1762, which later passed to the Barons of Seefried. Some neighboring towns were Obleidörfer duty-bound to 1802 Bamberg and the cathedral chapter. With the Rheinbund act 1806 the whole area came to Bavaria.

Incorporations

On January 1, 1972, Frankendorf, Ketschendorf and Tiefenhöchstadt were incorporated. Dreuschendorf and Gunzendorf were added on May 1, 1978.

Administrative community

In 1978 the Buttenheim administrative community , consisting of Buttenheim and Altendorf, was founded. This body was dissolved on January 1st, 2002, and since then both municipalities have had their own administration.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the market grew from 2,786 to 3,634 by 848 inhabitants or by 30.4%.

  • 1961: 2378 inhabitants
  • 1970: 2619 inhabitants
  • 1987: 2786 inhabitants
  • 1991: 2844 inhabitants
  • 1995: 2964 inhabitants
  • 2000: 3092 inhabitants
  • 2005: 3271 inhabitants
  • 2010: 3354 inhabitants
  • 2015: 3549 inhabitants

religion

According to the census on May 9, 2011, 78.4% of the population are Roman Catholic and 10.2% Evangelical Lutheran. 11.4% have another religion or are non-denominational.

Jewish community

The presence of Jews in Buttenheim is proven as early as 1450. After the Thirty Years' War there was one of the largest Jewish communities around, in one was Mikveh and in 1740 a synagogue was built. In 1763, 44 Jewish families with around 200 people lived in Buttenheim. In 1819 the Jewish cemetery was laid out. Since the 19th century, the number of Jewish residents has decreased. In 1933, 18 Jewish people were still living in the village. Due to the economic boycott and further reprisals, almost all Jewish residents emigrated during the National Socialist era . In 1937 the synagogue was sold to a brewery and in 1938 the last burial took place in the Jewish cemetery. Six Jews from Buttenheim were able to emigrate to the United States and eleven to Great Britain . The Holocaust were probably four born in Buttenheim or longer time in resident Jews victim.

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council has 16 members who will be divided between the following parties and voter communities after the local elections on March 16, 2020 :

Political party Share of votes Seats +/-
CSU 18.49% 3 ± 0
Green 8.24% 1 + 1
SPD 3.24% 0 - 2nd
For the good of the community (ZWoG) 16.57% 3 + 1
New voter community (NWG) 11.24% 2 ± 0
Stackendorfer List (StL) 7.61% 1 ± 0
New Gunzendorfer List (NMGL) 6.68% 1 ± 0
Dreuschendorf Voting Community (WG DREU) 6.27% 1 ± 0
Gunzendorf Citizens' Block (BüBl G) 6.20% 1 ± 0
Voting community Tiefenhöchstadt (WG-Tief.) 5.82% 1 ± 0
Community of voters Frankendorf (WG Fra) 5.02% 1 ± 0
Voting Community Ketschendorf (WG-KE) 4.61% 1 ± 0
Turnout: 73.27%

mayor

Michael Karmann (CSU / ZWdG) has been mayor since 2014, who received 55.74% of the votes in one opposing candidate and was re-elected in 2020 with 92.79% of the votes. His predecessor since 1990 was Johann Kalb (CSU / ZWdG / NWG), who was last re-elected in 2008 with 86.65% of the vote. Kalb was elected district administrator for the Bamberg district in 2014.

Community finances

In 2017 the municipal tax revenue amounted to 4,516,000 euros, of which 1,766,000 euros were trade tax revenues (net).

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Markt Buttenheim
Blazon : “Split; in front divided by silver and black, on top a growing red booze pen, behind under a red shield head in silver a vertical blue knife. "

The black and silver half of the shield is the reduced coat of arms of the Lords of Stiebar , who were based in Buttenheim. Their coat of arms was divided and a red pig feather with a gold crossbar grew out of the dividing line.

The colors red and silver are the colors of the Bamberg Monastery , which was also wealthy in the village. The blue knife is the attribute of St. Bartholomew , the patron of the Buttenheim church.

Community partnerships

Culture and sights

Parish Church of St. Bartholomew in Buttenheim

Parish church in Buttenheim

The parish church of St. Bartholomew in Buttenheim was probably one of the fourteen Slavic churches that were built in Radenzgau by the Würzburg bishop on the orders of Emperor Charlemagne .

Buttenheim Castle

Buttenheim Castle

There were originally two castles in the village, the Upper (also Deichselburg) and the Lower Castle. Both were owned by the Imperial Barons of Stiebar, who owned three other castles in Aisch, Pretzfeld and Ermreuth . The von Stiebar family is traced back to 1253 and belonged to the former imperial knighthood of the canton of Gebürg , which stretched between Kronach, Nuremberg, Buttenheim and Kulmbach. In the Middle Ages, this family provided several abbesses, Teutonic knights and canons in the monasteries of Bamberg and Würzburg. In the period from 1377 to 1560, at least fourteen members of this family were canons in the monasteries of Bamberg and Würzburg .

The Upper Castle (square with ramparts and four corner towers) was destroyed by flames in the Peasants' War in 1525 and not rebuilt.

Today's Buttenheim Castle is the so-called Lower Castle, which originally served as a bower for the von Lichtenstein family and was taken over by the Stiebars in 1438, along with other properties in Buttenheim.

At that time the Stiebars held the jurisdiction over life and death in Buttenheim, which had passed to them from the Schlüsselbergers . The lower castle was burned down several times, for example in 1492 in the “bloody feud between Albrecht Stiebar the Elder”. J. and Prince-Bishop Heinrich III. von Bamberg ”, 1525 by“ local rebellious people ”and in 1561 by the carelessness of a castle servant who forgot to turn off the light in his room before falling asleep. Hans Joachim von Stiebar, who was elected First Knight's Council of the canton of Gebürg for the Bamberg and Forchheim area in 1574 and thus enjoyed a great reputation, repaired the damage.

The Stiebars confessed to the Lutheran denomination very early on. This is attested, among other things, by the fact that the employment of a Protestant preacher at Buttenheim Castle was mentioned in a document as early as 1591.

During the Thirty Years' War , the Stiebar's possessions were confiscated by imperial orders because of their participation in the battles of the Uniate , so Buttenheim and with it the Lower Palace came into the possession of Prince Georg Ludwig von Schwarzenberg for a few years . The Stiebars got their property back in 1648 through the Peace of Westphalia .

In 1741 the still existing chapel was built next to the ruins of the castle, which had been destroyed by the chaos of war, and the owners of the castle lived in an outbuilding.

With the death of the baron Johann Georg Christoph Wilhelm von Stiebar in 1762, the main Franconian line of this family died out. The fiefs went back to the monasteries Bamberg and Würzburg and partly to the Duchy of Saxony-Coburg. The ownership of the other goods remained with the heirs, the widow and the daughters.

In 1761, the Brandenburg Chamberlain Wilhelm Christian Friedrich von Seefried married Elisabeth Sofie von Stiebar, whom he had met as a student of law in Erlangen. A few years after the marriage they moved to Buttenheim. Since the Lower Palace was destroyed or destroyed by fire except for "the medieval, massive, square tower covered with a mansard roof," Wilhelm Christian Friedrich von Seefried built the current baroque palace on the tower in 1774 the Protestant castle chapel is located.

Wilhelm Christian made sure that the Protestant palace parish was re-confirmed by a recess on October 22, 1763. In 1790 Wilhelm Christian, who was very committed to strengthening the evangelical creed, was raised to the status of imperial baron. In 1814 the castle chaplain became a Protestant castle parish. On August 27, 1826, the palace chapel was consecrated as a parish church.

The castle chapel serves as a place of worship for the Buttenheim evangelical community, which is now looked after by the Hirschaid parish.

Buttenheim Castle is still inhabited by the Barons von Seefried auf Buttenheim.

Curate Church in Gunzendorf

The Georgiritt to Senftenberg starts from the baroque Kuratie Church of St. Nikolaus in Gunzendorf . The local noble family of the Ox von Gunzendorf was named after today's district of Gunzendorf .

Senftenberg with the St. George's Chapel

The Baroque pilgrimage chapel St. Georg on Senftenberg is the destination of the Georgiritt.

Frankendorf

The half-timbered village of Frankendorf was national winner in 1981 in the competition Our village should be more beautiful . In 1980 the district evaluation jury came to the following conclusion:

"The almost completely preserved half-timbered ensemble with its 31 listed ground floor farmhouses is unparalleled in Upper Franconia."

It also says:

"The community spirit and willingness to make sacrifices on the part of the citizens have always been exemplary for the district."

Regarding the landscape, it was stated:

“Orchards are exemplary greening the place, the valley is interspersed with groups of trees. The transition to the open landscape is fluid. "

Architectural monuments

Museums

  • The Small House of Art shows paintings, graphics, sculptures and photographs by Eastern European artists.
  • Levi Strauss Museum
Levi Strauss Museum

Levi Strauss , the inventor of blue jeans , was born on February 26, 1829 in Buttenheim with the name Löb Strauss. His birthplace, a half-timbered house from 1687, was extended in 1733 and accommodated two families. It has been turned into a museum. The permanent exhibition shows the Strauss family's emigration documents and the announcement of the emigration in the official gazette.

Regular events

The traditional Georgiritt takes place around April 23rd, Georgstag , and leads from Gunzendorf to Senftenberg.

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy including agriculture and forestry

In 1998, according to official statistics, there were 334 employees at the place of work in the manufacturing sector and 267 in the trade and transport sector. In other economic sectors 104 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 1139 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. There were none in the manufacturing sector and three in the construction sector. In addition, in 1999 there were 75 farms with an agricultural area of ​​1661 hectares, of which 1226 hectares were arable land and 429 hectares were permanent green space.

Breweries

There are currently two breweries in Buttenheim, the St. Georgen-Bräu and the Löwenbräu , and the Meusel brewery in Dreuschendorf . The Sauer brewery in the Gunzendorf district ceased brewing in 2014, but has the beer brewed in a contract brewing process at Eschenbacher Privatbrauerei GmbH in Lower Franconia.

Voluntary fire brigades

In the districts of Buttenheim, Dreuschendorf, Frankendorf, Gunzendorf, Ketschendorf, Stackendorf and Tiefenhöchstadt there are separate volunteer fire departments.

music Society

The Buttenheim Music Society was founded in 1976 and musically shapes church and community life in the market town.

traffic

Buttenheim is located directly on the federal motorway 73 with its own junction. The Buttenheim stop (located in Altendorf) is on the Nuremberg – Bamberg railway line .

telecommunications

The 142 meter high telecommunications tower of Deutsche Telekom AG is located near the Kälberberg district.

Main article Telecommunication tower Bamberg

education

There are the following facilities:

  • Kindergartens: 150 kindergarten places with 135 children
  • an elementary school with 15 teachers and 270 students

Sons and Daughters of the Market

literature

Web links

Commons : Buttenheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Buttenheim  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. Mayor and town council. Buttenheim community, accessed on June 5, 2020 .
  3. http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/orte/ortssuche_action.html ? Anzeige=voll&modus=automat&tempus=+20111101/190224&attr=OBJ&val= 1111
  4. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 429 .
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 673 .
  6. Sixth law amending the structure of municipalities and administrative communities of November 23, 2001 ( GVBl p. 738)
  7. FrankenWiki : Jews in Buttenheim . As of July 17, 2011.
  8. Alemannia Judaica : Buttenheim - Jewish history / synagogue . As of July 17, 2011.
  9. Election of the municipal council 2020, Markt Buttenheim - overall result , accessed on June 6, 2020
  10. Entry on the coat of arms of Buttenheim  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  11. See list of Frankish knight families
  12. https://www.buttenheim.de/Startseite/Feuerwehr/K259.htm