Lichtenstein (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Lichtenstein in Scheibler's book of arms

Lichtenstein or Liechtenstein (also: Stein von Lichtenstein ) was the name of a Franconian noble family based in the knightly canton of Baunach . The family seat , Lichtenstein Castle , stands between Ebern and Maroldsweisach on a ridge of the Haßberge . The sex died out in the male line around 1850.

history

Lichtenstein Castle (Lower Franconia)

The Stein von Lichtenstein were probably descendants of the noble free von Stein (de lapide), whose original seat could have been the Felsburgstall Teufelsstein below Lichtenstein Castle. Around 1200 they are likely to have divided into the lines at Lichtenstein Castle (the family treated here) and Altenstein Castle (the latter see: Stein zu Altenstein , these expired in 1878).

In 1232 Lichtenstein Castle was first mentioned together with the neighboring Altenstein Castle. The tribe based on Lichtenstein appears for the first time in a document on March 21, 1336 with "Apel von Lichtenstein". The Lichtensteiners were servants of the Würzburg bishopric and often appeared as burghers and officials at high-level castles, for example at Geiersberg Castle above Seßlach . In the 13th century, the competing bishopric of Bamberg was able to bring the family castle Lichtenstein briefly under its control and tried, ultimately unsuccessfully, to integrate the family into his followers when Tayno von Lichtenstein had to submit to the competing bishopric of Bamberg together with the family castle in 1257. Bishop Adalbert paid the lord of the castle £ 100 Heller for this and promised him a further £ 100 if he would keep the castle open for him.

The castle Lichtenstein was as large Ganerbenburg divided into four castles, of which only is today, the Southern Citadel inhabited, the others are mostly ruins, partly disappeared.

The numerous branch lines of the Lords of Lichtenstein partially overlapped. A family tree is shown in Johann Gottfried Biedermann .

The lords of Lichtenstein became extinct in the male line around 1850. According to Isolde Maierhöfer (Historischer Atlas von Bayern, Heft Ebern) a Robert von Lichtenstein (died 1850 in Freising) was the last of his line. However, it is generally assumed that the family died out with Karl August von Lichtenstein zu Lahm in 1845.

Own

In addition to Lichtenstein Castle, the u. a. Goods or locks in:

Heilgersdorf Castle

The family was organized in the knight cantons of Baunach and Odenwald .

Monuments

In the cloister of the Kiliansdom in Würzburg is the tomb of the resigned canon and marshal Georg von Lichtenstein and Hohenstein (died 1565) and his wife, created in 1569 by Veit Baumhauer (a sculptor from Schwäbisch Hall).

In the Schottenstein parish church of St. Pankratius there are also two gravestones from the second half of the 16th century. In the parish church of St. John the Baptist (Seßlach) there is an epitaph of a gentleman from Lichtenstein zu Geiersberg.

coat of arms

Blazon : “Embedded in red and silver in the tooth cut . On the helmet with red and silver covers, two red buffalo horns, each with five silver ostrich feathers on the outside. "

The coat of arms of the former municipality of Schafhof also reminds of the gender.

See also

Noble families of the same name, not related

There were several other primitive nobility families of the same name, although the spelling (with i or ie ) was often fluctuating:

literature

  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon Volume VII, Volume 97 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1989, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Isolde Maierhöfer: Ebern (Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Franconia, issue 15). Munich, Commission for Bavarian National History, 1964

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ StArchiv Coburg, F VI 2b 35
  2. ↑ List of possessions, see: Constitutional relationships and: Adelslexicon der Prussischen Monarchy
  3. ↑ Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 59 (1749), Col. 1354.
  4. ↑ Stefan Kummer : Architecture and fine arts from the beginnings of the Renaissance to the end of the Baroque. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes; Volume 2: From the Peasants' War in 1525 to the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1814. Theiss, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8062-1477-8 , pp. 576–678 and 942–952, here: pp. 584 and 586.

Web links

Commons : Lichtenstein  - collection of images, videos and audio files