Boars

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 6 '  N , 10 ° 48'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Hatred Mountains
Management Community :	Boars
Height :	270 m above sea level NHN
Area :	95.02 km 2
Residents:	7317 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	77 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	96106
Area code :	09531
License plate :	HAS, EBN, GEO , HOH
Community key :	09 6 74 130
City structure:	36 parts of the community
City administration address :	Rittergasse 3 96106 Ebern
Website :	www.ebern.de
Mayor :	Jürgen Hennemann ( SPD )
Location of the town of Ebern in the Haßberge district

General view from the west ("Beautiful view" near Unterpreppach)

Ebern is a town in the Lower Franconian district of Haßberge in Bavaria and the seat of the Ebern administrative community . The well-preserved old town is still surrounded by large parts of its strong medieval city ​​fortifications. A well-tended ring of grounds separates the historical ensemble from the extensive new building areas of the city expansion from the period after the Second World War .

geography

Ebern, view from Losberg

Historic Baunach Bridge in the Frickendorf district (1757)

Geographical location

Ebern is located 27 kilometers north of Bamberg between the eastern foothills of the Haßberge and the Zeilberge of the south-western Itz-Baunach hill country , some of which are now also counted among the Haßberge. The city is located in the Franconian Keuper-Lias-Land .

Parish parts

There are 36 parish parts:

Albersdorf Bischwind on the Raueneck Bramberg Bramberger Mill Brno Boars Eichelberg Eyrichshof Fierst

Fischbach Frickendorf Gemünd Gem mill Hetschingsmühle Heubach High cities Jesserndorf Short wind

Lützelebern New at the Raueneck Upper mill Paper mill Pöppelsmühle Reutersbrunn Rotenhan Ruppach Ruppachsmühle

Sachsenhof Sandhof Seal field Bacon Street courtyard Unterpreppach Vorbach Weißenbrunn Withered village

The urban districts Sandhof and Fierst are attached to the core town of Ebern.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise): Pfarrweisach , Untermerzbach , Rentweinsdorf , Kirchlauter , Königsberg in Bavaria and Burgpreppach .

history

middle Ages

In a Latin document dated April 10, 1151, the hamlet "liuzileber" (Lützelebern) , which was cleared in autumn 2015, is mentioned as a gift from Erimbert vom Gleusdorf to the Church of St. Peter in Bamberg. The naming of this "small boar (n)" presupposes the existence of a "large boar", ie a larger settlement. The settlement could already have arisen in the 7th century in the course of the Frankish conquest after the collapse of the Thuringian Empire or Duchy. The place name should mean "at the boars ". Some researchers interpret the city name as a reminder of a Germanic boar cult. Boars may have been bred as sacrificial animals at this point .

According to the district home administrator Günter Lipp, the original Latin text of this document, which is important for the city's history, is:

"Anno from Incarnatione Domini Mill.Cent.LI Indictione XIIII Regnante Chuonrado rege tercio, presidente Sanctae babenbergensi ecclesiae Eberhardo episcopo, anno episcopatus one. V, tertia feria paschae, cuius dominicus. VI. Idus. Aprilis, euenerat, Erimbert 'de chlubisdorf predium suum tezwistorf per manu Pillungi de meminsdorf et fratris eius Gundelohi, aliud autem uocabulo liuzileber per manum Heroldi de lane, tertium Gerhartiswindin manu propriact et uxorissua in batribuse tradiititario frança sibi fructuario usu dum aduiueret. Huius rei testes sunt… "(Bamberg State Archives, Bamberg 255)

Ebern belonged to the Würzburg monastery as early as 1216, but was pledged. The bishop made a documentary commitment to the “cathedral brothers” to redeem the pledge. In 1230 the settlement was mentioned in a document as "Civitas".

In 1232 the Civitas Ebern was separated from the original parish (parish) Weisach together with 32 villages and raised to a parish. The settlement was probably already a central market place at that time, the residents of which had to pay market money.

The southern suburb of “Klein Nürnberg”, view of the Grautor

Parish garden tower and parish church

The Rittergasse with the former Schüttboden (seat of the administrative association) and the tax office

The city and fortification rights were given to the civitas by Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian in 1335. He confirmed the city of Ebern as a city of the empire at the same time all its goods, rights and customs. The settlement was crossed by an old trade route leading from Bamberg to Saxony or Nuremberg to Erfurt . The official city elevation (1335) by the emperor, following a request from Bishop Hermann von Lichtenberg, became necessary as a result of an imperial law and legitimized a status that had largely been achieved previously. The construction of the wall is attested as early as 1303 and 1313. The widespread Gelnhausen city ​​law was documented as binding law .

In July 1396, the city merged with the discontented nobility and the other cities of the Würzburg bishopric to form a federation. Because of the unjust taxation by the highly indebted Hochstift, the aim was to achieve imperial immediacy . In October 1397, the weak King Wenceslas took the eleven cities of this "Eleven Cities League" under his protection and put them on an equal footing with the other imperial cities . However, the old rights of the diocese were not called into question. Just two years later, the king asked the cities to pay homage to the bishop. In 1400 the rebels were finally subject to the bishopric in the battle of Bergtheim . The 60 knights and servants from the Haßberg Mountains played a decisive role in the victory of Bishop Gerhard von Schwarzburg . Ebern and Meiningen , however, were the only ones of the eleven allied cities to follow the request of the royal deputy Bořivoj von Svinař in 1399 and submit. The decisive battle took place without Eberner participation.

In the 15th and 16th centuries, the strong city ​​wall with its four preserved corner towers and the mighty gray tower was expanded.

In 1430 a great fire ravaged the settlement . Only three of 200 buildings remained standing. The old parish church , which was later rebuilt as a late Gothic pseudo-basilica , also fell victim to this catastrophe . The older tower may still come from the destroyed church.

From 1463, a medieval leprosy can be found in Ebern "on the way to Eyrichshof" , which was called the infirmary.

Early modern age

From 1500 Ebern was part of the Würzburger Hochstift in the Franconian Empire .

During the Peasants' War in 1525 the city sided with the rebels.

On May 8, 1525, the Ebern ransacked the Langheimer Wirtschaftshof (Grangie) Tambach and two days later burned down the estate of the Lords of Lichtenstein zu Gereuth . After the Ebern heap had also devastated the residence of the Lords von Füllbach near Gleusdorf , he moved in front of the Würzburg district castle Rauheneck near Vorbach. However, the bailiff Lorenz von Bibra was able to deceive the rebels. He pretended to join the revolt . The revolutionaries then withdrew to devastate the castles of the Fuchs family in Burgpreppach , Leuzendorf and Weißenbrunn . Shortly afterwards they united with the Maroldsweisachern and took the castles Altenstein and Lichtenstein. Even the small castle in Fischbach could not withstand the attacks for long. On May 24th, Hans von Rotenhan zu Rentweinsdorf also had to surrender.

Although the uprising was not directed against the bishopric or even the bishop himself, but against the arrogance of the rich bourgeoisie and the nobility , the Ebern people had to pay dearly for their participation. After the united peasant armies were defeated on June 2, 1525 in the battle of Königshofen an der Tauber, Bishop Konrad went on a two-month punitive expedition through his bishopric. Ebern was the tenth stop on this journey of homage . On June 26th, the eleven ringleaders of the Ebern heap were publicly beheaded on the market square . The humanist Sebastian von Rotenhan , who accompanied the bishop, is said to have tried to have a soothing effect on the sovereign. His efforts were obviously unsuccessful. In addition, the citizenry had to promise high compensation payments, which considerably exceeded the financial strength of the small community. The original submission lapel, according to which the citizens had to swear with their fingers raised, is still preserved in the city archives . Up until the middle of the century, the Reformation could therefore only spread with difficulty in Ebern. In 1576, however, only three council members confessed to the Catholic Church. The diocese forced the Protestants to emigrate to nearby evangelical cities and territories such as the Saxon exclave of Königsberg . The majority stayed in their old homeland and became Catholic again.

During the Margrave War (1553/54) the city suffered little, while Neusig and Reckendorf and the step castle via Baunach were devastated in the surrounding area .

17./18. century

The Thirty Years' War brought greater hardship . The Baunachgrund was crossed by numerous armies because of the old traffic connections to the south. The soldiers billeted themselves several times within the city walls. The citizenry had to feed and provide for the troops. In the course of billeting, epidemics were also introduced . In 1626 a troop of horsemen brought the plague to Ebern.

Historic cellar houses in Hirtengasse under the Grautor

In 1633, Ebern had to ask the bishopric to suspend his tithing : “ that some well-to-do housebuilders only have to eat Kleyenbrodt, including grinded acorn and dry field pear, in order to defend themselves from hunger .” (Directory of the magazine or war toe in the Ebern office , Preface).

In 1647 the city was only inhabited by 64 families, three of them Jewish. 215 families have been recorded prior to the fighting.

After the Peace of Westphalia , the reconstruction of the plundered and devastated building site began. The population loss was partially offset by the settlement of refugees from Bohemia and Silesia . Numerous Jewish families also sought protection in the small Protestant rulers of the imperial knighthood around Ebern. A phase of upswing began that was to last for about two centuries.

Since 1642 Johann Philipp von Schönborn was Bishop of Würzburg. Under him, the bishopric developed into an "officially supervised welfare state with a mercantile orientation" (Otto Meyer). In 1649 the general brewing and licensing rights were renewed in Ebern and the four hereditary bars were confirmed. Lively construction activity developed in the city and the surrounding area. For example, the magnificent half-timbered structure was placed on the stone basement of the town hall .

In 1676/77 imperial Croats roamed the region, but left little damage. In the popular swear word " Kravatt ", however, memories of this episode have been preserved. The army trains at the end of the War of the Austrian Succession and in 1757 of the Seven Years' War caused some unrest again . At that time, however, the troops passed the city without causing any major damage. Some field and woodland losses incurred in 1796 in the first coalition war , as a French division encamped at Losbergsgereuth , Grafe Wood and Heubach opened.

19./20. century

After the secularization of the Hochstift (1802/03), Ebern came to the Kingdom of Bavaria via the newly established Grand Duchy of Würzburg . After the dissolution of the bishopric in 1805/06, 1808 and 1811 French troop contingents were billeted in Ebern. At the beginning of 1812, the future King Wilhelm I even chose the town as a quarter in order to join Napoleon 's Russian campaign in early summer .

During the revolution of 1848/49 , five citizens of Ebern had to pay for their participation in the Bamberg Democratic Congress with shorter prison terms. Other revolutionary activities were "nipped in the bud" by the 150-strong municipal militia . The Biedermeier period passed in Ebern without any significant events. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71, seven of the 44 citizens of Ebern who had entered the country lost their lives.

In the First World War , there were already 41 casualties. However, this did not change the conservative orientation of the residents. In the Bavarian state election in 1919 , the Bavarian People's Party emerged as the clear winner with 536 votes.

The Raiffeisen-Volksbank Ebern was founded 1927th

Due to the inflation of 1923 and the Great Depression (1929/32) received the Nazis in May 1933 332 votes in the urban area (Bavarian People's Party: 457). On July 6, 1929, the local group Ebern of the NSDAP was founded. However, up to 1945 no serious excesses against the Jewish population of the Haßberge can be proven. Active resistance against the regime and the deportations , however, has also not survived. During the war, part of the war-important production of a large Schweinfurt ball bearing manufacturer was moved here. Shortly before the Americans marched in, four German deserters were shot dead by a squad of young SS men in the prison courtyard (memorial plaque on the former prison).

Memorial plaque for the four deserters shot at the former prison shortly before the end of the war

The Second World War ended for the city in 1945 with the surrender without a fight to the Americans advancing south towards Bamberg. A senseless defense of the city was prevented by the then mayor Josef Wappes, who went to meet the troops together with the city pastor Otto Schnorr. The first Americans entered the city on the morning of April 11, 1945. After a member of a tank crew had lost his life while driving through the mighty Grautor, the tower should be demolished as a traffic obstacle. Within one night (April 21/22), the citizens then demolished a residential building attached to the city wall, creating an armored passage next to the gate.

The American city ​​commander took up residence on the second floor of the historic town hall. The captured German soldiers were interned in the former Italian barracks camp in Fierst. Around 400 prisoners of war and foreign workers camped as liberated persons in the old elementary school and in the hall of the Forster inn. Some of these displaced persons were allegedly responsible for the murder of the former prison guard and his wife.

In the elections for the first German Bundestag on August 14, 1949, the CSU emerged victorious with 405 votes. The Bavarian party received 373 votes , the SPD 220.

In the post-war period , numerous expellees from the Sudetenland and the formerly German eastern regions settled around the old town . The expansion of the FAG Kugelfischer branch to Ebern attracted a particularly large number of new residents. Large new building areas emerged, Ebern became a Bundeswehr base . On October 25, 1962, the 101st Panzer Grenadier Battalion was stationed in the newly built barracks above the city. In 1971, the 12th Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion also moved there. As a result of the regional reform in Bavaria , the district of Ebern was dissolved in 1972 and the district area was largely assigned to the newly created district of Haßberge , other parts to the districts of Bamberg and Coburg .

The Evangelical Lutheran Christ Church was built in 1957/58 according to plans by Karl Pfeiffer-Hardt for the rapidly growing number of new Protestant citizens . The central building with its slate-covered pointed tower was built on a previously undeveloped site on the slope of the Losberg. In 1963 the Protestant parish was founded. Between 1964 and 1972, Ebern was an independent Evangelical-Lutheran deanery , which was then integrated into the deanery in Rügheim as a result of the regional reform.

present

After the end of the Cold War , a number of state offices and institutions were closed: in 2001 the land registry , in 2004 the forestry office , also in 2004 the Balthasar Neumann barracks of the Bundeswehr were closed and in 2005 the local court branch was closed. In the structurally weak Ebern region, this resulted in a considerable loss of jobs. The Ebern police station was retained and continues to be responsible for security and order in the north-eastern part of the district. It looks after an area of ​​355 square kilometers and around 21,000 inhabitants.

Incorporations

On April 1, 1971, the then independent municipality of Eichelberg was incorporated. Eyrichshof followed on July 1, 1971. Reutersbrunn was added on January 1, 1972. Brno (until 1875 Frickendorf ), Fischbach, Heubach and Unterpreppach (until 1920 Preppach , with the places Neuses am Raueneck and Vorbach incorporated on July 1, 1971) were incorporated on July 1, 1972. Bramberg was added on January 1, 1975, and Bischwind am Raueneck on January 1, 1976. The series of incorporations was completed with the incorporation of Albersdorf and Welkendorf on January 1, 1978, as well as Jesserndorf (with Weißenbrunn incorporated on April 1, 1971) and parts of the dissolved municipality of Recheldorf on May 1, 1978.

Historical ensemble old town

Alley behind the southern city wall with a view of the gray tower and the goose tower

View from the town hall to the gray tower

The medieval old town of Ebern was crossed by the important road and trade connection between Bamberg and Saxony . The walled core city is flood-proof on elevated terrain above the Baunachniederung. There were suburbs in front of the Bering on three sides , only in the east the Anger remained undeveloped until after the Second World War.

The name of the southern suburb, as "Little Nuremberg ", still reminds of its function as a stacking and resting place for the trading trains coming from the south. After the gate of the mighty gray gate was closed in the evening, the merchants had to stop here. The hospital (now an old people's home) with the hospital chapel was in the northern suburb . The preserved Marienkapelle was built in front of the hospital gate of the suburban wall in the 15th century.

Another suburb is located under the western city wall on a tributary of the Baunach . The town mill has also been preserved there to the present day.

Core city

Attachment

The thick Bering forms an irregular quadrangle that is divided in half by the main road. The wall is still largely preserved, but only easily accessible in the south and east. The corner points were reinforced by four preserved towers over a square floor plan.

The defensive wall was built in shell construction from the local Rhätsandstein . The parapet walkway that used to be there is nowhere to be seen, and the wall has been severely degraded throughout. In place of the ditch there is a ring of facilities, which was created around 1930 on the initiative of the teacher and home guardian Karl Hoch.

In addition to the four corner towers, only the striking Grautor stands upright. Like most of the other defense towers , the Ebern landmark was raised in the 16th century and closed with a slate dome with a lantern . The tower is considered to be one of the most beautiful and tallest gate towers in Germany.

Here in the south the fortification is best preserved and is only disturbed by two road openings. To the west of the gray gate, the defensive wall runs to the goose tower, the older part of which is designed as an open shell tower. To the west the wall procession leads to the donjon- like "Diebsturm", the former prison of the city.

As the northern corner towers of the fortification, the stork tower and the parish garden tower still stand upright. The hospital gate in between was demolished in the 19th century. At that time, the Badgasse Tower fell above the city mill and the Owl Tower in the east wall.

City layout

Baroque house (around 1720) on the market square

The “thief tower” of the city fortifications

Late Gothic bay window on the "Karner" (ossuary) of the former cemetery

Half-timbered house (1620) in the suburb of "Klein-Nürnberg"

The ground plan of the former agricultural town shows, in addition to the wide main and trade street, another longer street in the east on the city wall. In the Middle Ages, the town houses of the aristocracy in the area were located on this "Rittergasse" . In the early modern times, the huge bulk floor of the Würzburg monastery was built here (today the seat of the administrative association) and in 1722 the former rent and later tax office. Some of the large gardens of the former aristocratic houses have been preserved behind the buildings.

The western part of the city is much more densely built up. On both sides of the main street, the gable fronts of the residential and commercial buildings line up to form a closed ensemble from the 16th to 19th centuries. In addition to some other half-timbered buildings, the unusually richly structured facade of the town hall characterizes the ensemble. Three baroque half-timbered storeys (1687–92) with an unusually dense cross- diamond figuration rise above a stone Renaissance basement with arched arcades .

A few arched gate entrances still show the agricultural economic structure of the city in the Old Kingdom . There are three stately inns on the main street that are still in use today.

The northern part of the main street is extended to a triangular market square in front of the west facade of the parish church. Opposite is the baroque Neptune fountain from 1706, which, together with two neighboring baroque houses in Bamberg style, reminds of the proximity of the Upper Franconian episcopal town. The restored Renaissance bay window on today's Sparkasse building is part of the former regional court building from the late 16th century.

To the east of the market square, the large late Gothic parish church with the ossuary (Karner) of the former cemetery forms an impressive medieval construction group, which is supplemented by the two-storey renaissance complex (1604) of the rectory and the sandstone wall of the cemetery.

Suburbs

The heavily fortified city ​​center was surrounded by three walled suburbs . Only remnants of the suburban wall are freely accessible, other parts have only been removed in the present or are overbuilt. The course is largely traced by the system ring.

One of the city's oldest half-timbered houses is located in the southern suburb of Klein Nürnberg . The renaissance building (1620) with its column structure imitates motifs of contemporary stone construction. In contrast to the mostly gable- facing buildings in the city center, the property presents its eaves to the viewer .

The Hirtengasse down to the western suburb is considered a particularly picturesque Franconian ensemble . Some renovated cellar houses line the ravine in front of the city wall, where the sandstone retaining wall of a garden plot is presented like a fence .

The western suburb in the flood-prone building lowlands was formerly closed by the Sandhofer Tor . In addition to the mighty historic town mill, the street scene is dominated by petty bourgeois properties.

In the north, the Stadtberg falls steeply down to the Spitalvorstadt, the development of which mainly dates from the 18th to the early 20th century. As a side alley, the draws Sutte east. The term originally meant liquid manure . This is where the city's "disreputable" trades used to be located. The sewage was drained into the narrow Angerbach , which still flows around the suburb today.

South of the Sutte , the city hospital has been preserved, which dates back to a foundation in the 14th century. The current structure dates from the baroque period . The plain facade of the St. Anna Hospital Church forms the western end .

Lady Chapel

In front of the hospital gate of the suburban wall, today's Marienkapelle was built in the late 15th century, which was previously consecrated to Saints Georg and Vitus. The baroque sandstone block building with its richly decorated late Gothic polygonal choir has served as a cemetery church since the municipal cemetery was moved.

The interior has significant Rococo furnishings with three altars. The original late Gothic ribbed vault is still preserved in the chancel.

Jewish Cemetery

Today largely unnoticed, further to the north-east behind an extensive factory area is the Jewish cemetery , which was laid out in 1633 and is one of the most important historical cemetery complexes in Franconia .

While the city of Ebern, as the official city of the Würzburg monastery, housed only a few Jews, the burial site in the Paradies hall served as the central cemetery for the Jewish population of the surrounding imperial knighthood villages until the beginning of the 20th century . The Protestant Imperial Knights in Ebern Land had taken in numerous Jewish families, especially in the 17th and 18th centuries, who in return often had to pay high protection payments. In the 19th century, many of these former protective Jews converted to the Christian faith. The last Jewish fellow citizens in the former Ebern district fell victim to the Nazi racial madness or were forced to emigrate.

Today around 1200 historical gravestones still attest to the former importance of rural Jewry in the Haßberg Mountains. The stones were mostly made from the local Rhätsandstein and mostly bear Hebrew inscriptions. Only a few of the more recent monuments are labeled in two languages. In 1912 the last deceased was buried in the churchyard.

politics

The historic town hall

City council

The town council of Ebern has 20 members (excluding the mayor). After the previous local elections, the city council was composed as follows:

	CSU	SPD	Free voters	FDP	Boy list	EAL *	Green **	total
2020	7th	4th	4th	2	1	**	2	20 seats
2014	6th	6th	3	1	3	1		20 seats
2008	8th	6th	2	1	2	1		20 seats
2002	9	7th	3	1	-	-		20 seats

^* Eberner alternative list

^** EAL was politically absorbed into Bündnis90 / Die Grünen at a founding meeting on September 27, 2019

mayor

Mayor is Jürgen Hennemann (SPD). He prevailed in the local elections on March 16, 2014 with 70.88% of the vote against Barbara Baumbach (CSU). In 2020, Hennemann was confirmed in office for another six years with a majority of 56.08%.

Predecessor:

• Robert Herrmann (CSU) from 1.5.1996 to 30.4.2014
• Rolf Feulner (CSU) from February 27, 1972 to April 30, 1996
• Franz Huebl

coat of arms

	Blazon : "In gold, half a leaping black boar over a single-arched red bridge with a railing."

Partner communities

Since 1980 the city has maintained a community partnership with the community of Strass , located at the beginning of the Tyrolean Zillertal . The connection originally goes back to the contacts between the Ebern wind orchestra and the Strasser Trachtenkapelle, which have existed since 1967 . The partnership is maintained mainly through private and official visits and return visits. In 2008 a roundabout at the northern exit of the city was named after the Tyrolean community (Strasser roundabout).

In May 2019, another was community partnership with the French municipality Trun closed. The connection between the two places is based on an incident in World War II. The Ebern doctor Wilhelm Baumann served as a doctor in the German Wehrmacht . After the Allies landed in Normandy, the Battle of Falaise-Chambois took place in August 1944. Baumann witnessed the senseless death of thousands of soldiers first hand. Together with the French Abbé Launay, he made possible the surrender of part of the German troops on August 21, 1944.

Attractions

Parish Church of St. Laurentius

• Along the market square:
  • Late Gothic parish church of St. Laurentius with rich furnishings (Renaissance pulpit, epitaphs)
  • Karner ( Ossarium , late Gothic charnel house, wetting vault)
• Late Gothic Marienkapelle at the cemetery (beautiful baroque interior)
• Historic town hall (imposing half-timbered facade on sandstone base)
• Grauturm, the landmark of Ebern (gate tower with carillon angel and death )
• Local history museum Ebern am Grauturm
• Marktplatz fountain ("Gabelmann", baroque Neptune fountain)
• Rittergasse with official buildings:
  • Tax office building (former residence of the poet Friedrich Rückert and his parents)
  • Office building (a former granary; until 1972 seat of the district office Ebern, today seat of the administrative community Ebern (Ebern, Rentweinsdorf, Pfarrweisach), branch vehicle registration, until July 2005 seat of the district court)
• Eberner Käpelle, consecrated to Saint Barbara
• Former local court prison, later health department (until 1972), today practice community
• Forest Office (closed)
• The Ebern skittles - an arrangement of towers, is also called "Franconia's most beautiful skittles"; formerly eight towers were arranged around the city wall and the city parish church tower in the middle. Today there are only six towers (goose tower, thief tower, gray tower, stork tower, parish garden tower and the tower of the parish church). Three skittles towers were "cleared" in the course of the 19th century (Spitaltorturm, Badgasse tower, Eulenturm)
• Eyrichshof Castle
• Rotenhan castle ruins (impressive remains of a rock castle)
• Rauheneck castle ruins (Raueneck), Vorbach district
• Weißenbrunn Palace, Weißenbrunn district
• numerous other castles in the near vicinity ( castle and ruined castle Lichtenstein , castle ruins old stone , castle ruin Bramberg , Castle Rentweinsdorf , Castle Gereuth , Castle Burgpreppach and many others)
• Large historical Jewish cemetery (from 1633) with around 1200 gravestones from the 17th to 19th centuries.
• The Mariengrotte on the former Bundeswehr area

• 

  Grave monuments from the 16th century in the choir of the parish church

• 

  Baroque-style Marienkapelle at the northern exit of the city

• 

  Historical Jewish cemetery in front of the city

• 

  Amtshaus ( Rückerthaus )

• 

  former forest office

• 

  Weissenbrunn Palace

• 

  Eyrichshof Palace, south view

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Ebern

Economy and Infrastructure

Economic structure

In addition to numerous, often long-established, medium-sized craft and service companies, a number of larger industrial companies settled in the city during and after the Second World War.

As the largest employer, the large French group VALEO is of particular importance for the urban economic structure. VALEO took over FTE automotive GmbH on October 31, 2017 . The automotive supplier FTE emerged in 1993 in the course of the rolling bearing crisis from the branch of the Schweinfurt-based FAG Kugelfischer Group , which was established in 1943 and was built in the north-east of the city in front of the historic Jewish cemetery during the war. Later, a larger factory settlement was built next to the company premises. From 1993 there were several investor changes and sales (Echlin / USA, DANA / USA, HG Capital / England, PAI Partner / France, Bain Capital / USA)

The headquarters of Weigang AG, one of the largest European manufacturers of planning and visualization solutions, is also located in the industrial area between Ebern and Eyrichshof. Further north are two larger car dealerships. The youngest, larger industrial company in Ebern is Uniwell Wellrohr GmbH in Eyrichshof, which produces and sells technical corrugated pipes made of plastic .

After 1980, a shopping center with grocery stores, non-food and textile discounters and a hardware store was built in the suburb of Sandhof . Before, only smaller grocery stores and supermarkets offered the population basic supplies.

tourism

The wooded, hilly Eberner Land is increasingly popular as a holiday and excursion area because of its hiking opportunities and numerous historical sights. In the town of Ebern, in addition to some private landlords, several inns, guest houses and a hotel offer overnight accommodation. A spacious parking space with sanitary facilities was created for motorhome drivers in the area of ​​the former sports field in front of the historic city wall.

Medical supplies

In addition to four general practitioners and four dentists , an ophthalmologist , an internist , a gynecologist and an orthopedist provide the population with basic care. The medical offer is supplemented by a few alternative practitioners , speech therapists and physiotherapists .

In 1912 the Ebern hospital was opened for the former districts of Baunach and Ebern. Today the former district hospital as a clinic location Ebern belongs to the Haßberg-Kliniken, the other two hospitals in Haßfurt and Hofheim i.UFr. operate. The hospital in Ebern, which was rebuilt and renovated in 1998, has 55 beds in the area of internal medicine and 20 beds in the surgical department. The gynecological department was closed in the course of the renovation . Since then, expectant mothers from the Ebern area have mostly been using the maternity wards in other surrounding clinics.

In addition, Ebern has a permanent rescue service and disaster control readiness of the Bavarian Red Cross .

schools

Ebern has a grammar school ( Friedrich-Rückert -Gymnasium), a state secondary school (Dr.-Ernst-Schmidt-Realschule), a primary school, a middle school, a master school for carpentry, a community college, a music school and a special education support center.

fire Department

There are numerous volunteer fire brigades in Ebern and its parts of the community . Ebern is a military base and has a youth group. The fleet includes five vehicles and a trailer. ( Powder fire trailer ). In addition to a command vehicle , a multi-purpose vehicle , the TLF 16/25 tank tender , the LF 20 fire fighting vehicle and a turntable ladder, there is an RW 2 rescue vehicle procured by the Haßberge district in Ebern .

Transport links

train

Ebern is the end point of the 18-kilometer branch line from Breitengüßbach . In Breitengüßbach it connects to the main line from Nuremberg to Lichtenfels . Until 1988, the route was served up to Maroldsweisach , about 16 kilometers further north . This rail connection was popularly called the Maro Express . After the Bundeswehr location was closed, passenger traffic could be maintained after goods traffic to Ebern had ceased. Individual freight trains still transport gas to a company in Baunach. Since January 1, 2010, the route has been part of the Greater Nuremberg Transport Association . With the timetable change on June 12, 2011, a daily hourly service to Bamberg was set up after the agilis transport company took over passenger transport on the route. In Bamberg there is a connection to the ICE route Munich – Berlin. New vehicles of the type Stadler Regio-Shuttle RS1 will replace the multiple units of the DB class 642 that have been in use since autumn 2001 . After extensive reconstruction and renovation work on the approximately 26-kilometer-long Bamberg – Ebern route, the journey time is only 30 minutes.

Street

Ebern is on the federal road 279 Breitengüßbach – Fulda. There is a connection to the A73 18 kilometers south of Breitengüßbach . The B 4 passes five kilometers to the east . The B 303 runs nearby .

aviation

Seven kilometers south of the town is the Ebern-Sendelbach airfield , a special airfield for all types of aircraft up to 2000 kg maximum take-off weight (MTOW).

leisure offers

City library and local history museum

The city ​​library in the historic old school building offers around 17,000 items for borrowing or use in addition to the Catholic parish church. Titles not available on site can be ordered via interlibrary loan . Several times a year, small exhibitions are shown in the attached multi-purpose room in the former ossuary.

The local history museum at the Grauturm houses numerous exhibits on the city and regional history on the ground floor. A typical school room from the time of the single-class country schools was set up on the first floor. Local birds and fur animals are presented next door. Around 3000 specimens illustrate the diversity of European butterfly species . Another room commemorates the former teacher, local researcher and home curator Karl Hoch, on whose commitment u. a. the construction of the plant ring around the old town is declining (Karl-Hoch-Anlage). In the attic there are numerous historical tools of the trade and agriculture to be seen.

Sports facilities and pools

A fitness trail ( Vita-Parcours ) on the Losberg enables sporty activity . At the edge of the forest on this ridge is the heated outdoor pool , which, with its 35,000 square meters, is one of the largest of its kind in the region. In addition to a 50-meter lap pool, the facility offers a diving pool, a large separate non-swimmer pool and a children's paddling pool. Numerous other sports and play facilities and a restaurant complete the offer of the pool, which is also very well received across the region.

The indoor pool between elementary and secondary school, built in the early 1970s, was demolished in the summer of 2013 because it was dilapidated. The new indoor pool was opened in October 2016.

Opposite is the tennis facility on Coburger Strasse, where guests are also welcome. In addition to the large new development area Mannlehen, the Schützenhaus with six stands for small- bore rifles and pistols is located on Losberg . There are four bowling alleys available in the TV Ebern clubhouse below the middle school . Gymnastics and table tennis are also offered in the sports hall . Behind the clubhouse there are extensive sports facilities (Angerstadion), which are used by the sports club and the students from the adjacent school center. There are several riding facilities for children and adults in the vicinity.

Sightseeing flights and hiking trails

Sightseeing flights over the region can be booked at Ebern-Sendelbach airfield (in the direction of Bamberg) (Flugsportklub Ebern eV, motor and glider flights ).

Around 200 kilometers of hiking trails are maintained and marked by the hiking group of the Ebern Citizens' Association. City tours are also offered through the tourist information office in Ebern .

Old town festival

Since the 750th anniversary of the city in 1980, the three-day old town festival has been celebrated every year at the end of July. The various attractions such as concerts, theater and cabaret performances are visited by thousands of visitors from the entire Ebern region.

sons and daughters of the town

• Johannes Schwanhauser (around 1483–1564), Bamberg reformer
• Nikolaus Müller (1465–1515), Teutonic Order Commandery
• Johann Georg Meusel (1743–1820), historian , lexico- and bibliographer
• Nikolaus Ritter von Koch (1807–1866), politician and Bavarian minister of culture
• Georg Anton von Huller (1829–1883), educator
• Ernst Schmidt (1830–1900), physician and social revolutionary, namesake of the Ebern secondary school
• Adolf Vogel (1895–1959), painter, graphic artist and university professor
• Elmar Dietz (1902–1996), sculptor (born in the Jesserndorf district)
• Theobald Freudenberger (1904–1994), Catholic theologian, church historian
• Alfred Einwag (* 1928), lawyer and federal commissioner for data protection
• Ingrid Schubert (1944–1977), terrorist and founding member of the Red Army faction
• Stefan Plenkers (* 1945), painter and graphic artist
• Stefan Kainath (* 1964), karate world champion and national trainer
• Tatjana Gsell (* 1971), model

Personalities

• Martin Bätz (1830–1885), born in Memmelsdorf in Lower Franconia , Ebern factory owner , Ebern deputy for Lower Franconia in the Bavarian Parliament (Chamber of Deputies: 1870–1880), progress party
• Katja Röder (* 1975 in Coburg ), German screenplay and radio play writer, grew up in Ebern and did her A-levels at the Eberner Friedrich Rückert Gymnasium
• Friedrich Rückert (1788–1866), born in Schweinfurt, German poet, language scholar and translator and one of the founders of German oriental studies; his family moved to Ebern in 1809; Namesake of the Ebern grammar school

literature

• Stephan Diller: Boars in the 17th century . Haßfurt 2005, ISBN 3-938438-04-5 .
• Eckehard Kiesewetter: The end of the Second World War in Ebern and the surrounding area . In: Eberner Heimatblätter . tape 11 . Boars 2005.
• Christina Morgenschweis, Doris Will: Discovering Ebern - Lived history and stories of a small Franconian town with its districts . Ebern 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-023085-1 .
• The art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria, III, 15. District Office Ebern . Munich 1916 (Reprint: Munich 1983, ISBN 3-486-50469-X ).
• Isolde Maierhöfer: Boars . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Franconia . tape 1 , no. 15 . Munich 1964.
• Isolde Maierhöfer: Ebern - picture of a Franconian small town . Weissenhorn 1980.

Web links

Commons : Boars  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City administration
• Ebern: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Mayor and city councilors. City administration Ebern, accessed on June 11, 2020 . 
3. ↑ http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/orte/ortssuche_action.html?val=1628&attr=OBJ&modus=automat&tempus=20111024/172044&hodie=20111024/172046
4. ↑ Documentation: Medieval leprosories in today's Bavaria, originally in "Die Klapper" 1995, Journal of the Society for Leprosy, accessed August 17, 2017 ( Memento of the original from February 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still Not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ ^{a b} Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 453 .
6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 759 and 760 .
7. ↑ Entry on the coat of arms of Ebern  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
8. ↑ FTE sale to Valeo is complete. November 2, 2017, accessed May 1, 2020 . 
9. ↑ We are FTE! March 12, 2006, accessed May 1, 2020 . 
10. ↑ Sale of FTE automotive. Retrieved May 1, 2020 . 
11. ↑ http://www.hdbg.de/parlament/content/persDetail.php?id=79