Morrien

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Coat of arms of those of Morrien

The Lords of Morrien belonged to the leading Westphalian noble families ( knighthood ) in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period . The name is a nickname and originated from Morian , as the von Morrien were convinced that they were descended from one of the three Magi , the Mohr Melchior. What is certain is that, like the von Grothaus , they come from the von Senden family, which has been documented since 1174/1185 . Between 1350 and 1691 the family held the office of Hereditary Marshal of the Duchy of Münster . The family owned Nordkirchen near Lüdinghausen and since 1521 the Falkenhof in Rheine . In addition, she was also wealthy in the Duchy of Kleve in the 17th and 18th centuries.

history

Main line to Nordkirchen

The oldest bearer of the name was Johann Morrien zu Lüdinghausen (* before 1271, † 1337). He was born in Lüdinghausen around 1252 . His father Bernhard von Senden zu Lüdinghausen was a knight and vassal of the Bishop of Munster and the Count of Ravensberg . Johann became a knight and received the Oberhof Selm as pledge from the bishop . He was enfeoffed by the Werden monastery with the Oberhof Nordkirchen and the Höfen tor Horst and Bertelswich, and since then has held the title of Lord of Nordkirchen . He was also a Burgmann at Botzlar Castle , where he owned a stone house. Around 1284 he married his wife Adelheid. His older brothers became miners, his youngest brother Alexander von Morrien became a priest in Lüdinghausen, provost of the St. Mauritz monastery and finally cathedral provost in Münster. Johann died in Nordkirchen in 1337.

His only son Johann II (mentioned 1324-1350) was a Knappe and also Burgmann in Botzlar. In 1324 he was master of Nordkirchen and in 1347 he received the Nordkirchen farm for life from the Werden Abbey. In 1350 he bought the Hereditary Marshal's Office of the Duchy of Münster from Conrad von der Recke . He was married to Druda (Gertrud), with whom he had a son Johann.

Johann III. (Mentioned 1378–1398) was born around 1325. After his father's death around 1353, he succeeded him as Lord of Nordkirchen, Burgmann of Botzlar and Hereditary Marshal of Münster. Around 1363 he married Richmode Hake and in 1370 took over the bailiwick with the jurisdiction and administration of Nordkirchen. In 1393 he was given the Nordkirchen farm as a pledge, and around 1400 Johann von Morrien built the older Nordkirchen moated castle .

Gerhard (mentioned 1363–1424), married the sole heiress Ida von Bevern in 1388 and thus came into possession of Westbevern . Around 1398 he inherited his father as hereditary marshal, Herr von Nordkirchen and Botzlar, and in the same year had the first castle in Nordkirchen built in the Hirschpark area. In 1413 he was enfeoffed with the Ostfelde court by the Herford abbey. 1424 he bought the farms Capelle , together with the courts Dieckmann, Schlotmann and Kamphove.

Gerhard II (mentioned 1417–1489) inherited the hereditary marshal's office around 1426 and became lord of Nordkirchen. By marrying the heiress Margaretha von Borghorst in 1427 he came to her castle seat in Horstmar . In 1444 he was appointed Drosten of the Werne Office and in the same year the Werden Abbey left the Nordkirchen farm to him and his heirs on a hereditary lease. During the Munster collegiate feud from 1450-1457 he supported Bishop Walram von Moers , which contributed to a further rise of the family. In 1489 he became bailiff of Werne and Botzlar.

Dietrich (* 1428; † 1482), his son, inherited northern churches and offices and was also canon in Münster. After Dietrich's death in 1482, his brother Alexander (Sander) (* around 1435; † 1498), Münster Hereditary Marshal of Nordkirchen. In 1487 he married Frederune Wulff von Lüdinghausen .

Gerhard III. von Morrien (around 1570)
The old moated castle in Nordkirchen before it was demolished in 1703 ( Peter Pictorius the Younger, around 1703)

Gerhart III. (* around 1500; † 1591) inherited Nordkirchen and the Hereditary Marshal's Office. In 1526 he had the Nordkirchen parish church with the cemetery and the old village of Nordkirchen demolished to protect his castle and relocated a kilometer, as he feared that the church tower could be used for barriers in the event of war. Despite the approval of Pope Clement VII , this brought him a long legal battle with his aristocratic neighbors, especially those of Meinhövel , von Merveldt and von Ascheberg . In 1528 he built the water castle Nordkirchen with his master builder Henric de Suer . In 1551 the legal dispute was decided in favor of Morrien before the episcopal court. In 1556 he founded the "Almshouse in North Churches" for five poor people. In 1561, the Nordkirchen farm finally passed to the Lords of Morrien through the purchase of the long lease. In 1564 he married the heiress of Davensberg , Johanna von Büren and thereby acquired half of the Davensberg jurisdiction. As the 16th century progressed, the increasing Protestant sentiment of the Morrien family became apparent, for example through the corresponding services in the patronage church in Nordkirchen or the rejection of the archdeaconal broadcasting court.

Gerhard IV of Morrien (around 1605)

Gerhard IV. (* Around 1565; † 1607) married Adolpha von Ketteler in 1591 and became Hereditary Marshal and Lord of Nordkirchen. In 1607 he got into a dispute over hunting rights and territorial boundaries with his neighbor Dietrich von Galen , father of the later Bishop Christoph Bernhard von Galen , as a result of which on July 17, 1607 Gerhard was stabbed to death by Dietrich von Galen on Münster's cathedral square. The case drew circles and ended up at the instigation of the widow Morrien before the Imperial Court of Justice in Speyer . The process was subsequently entered on one of the oldest views of the city of Münster from 1585, which is now in the Bad Homburg city archive.

Johann IV. (* Around 1592; † 1628) became Hereditary Marshal and Lord of Nordkirchen as early as 1607. In 1623 he married Anna Sophia von Limburg-Styrum . He fell out of favor with the Münster prince-bishops Ernst von Bayern and Ferdinand von Bayern because he not only openly professed Protestantism, but was also ready to enforce it militarily. In the Thirty Years War he made a pact with the Danish king against the prince-bishop in 1627, which is why he was accused of infidelity and treason. In 1628 he suffered an early death, depending on the source, from falling from a horse or drowning in the castle pond. Under episcopal pressure, his widow Anna Sophia von Limburg-Styrum ensured that the house of Nordkirchen was reoriented towards the Catholic faith.

His son Ferdinand (* around 1625, † 1688) inherited Nordkirchen and the court marshal's office. During the siege of Münster in 1661, he became a commandant in the siege army. In 1670 he and his family were given the status of imperial baron by the emperor . In 1677 he got into a pistol duel with his brother Johann Bernhard in Nordkirchen and lost his position again. In the subsequent process, however, he was acquitted for lack of evidence and reinstated in his properties and offices. He died childless.

Johann Bernhard (* around 1630; † 1691) inherited his brother. Since he also died childless in 1691, the male line of the hereditary marshals died out with him. The property in Nordkirchen first came to the family of his brother-in-law, Baron Ferdinand von Weichs . In 1694, the sovereign, Prince-Bishop Friedrich Christian von Plettenberg, acquired the entire Morrien property in Nordkirchen for 250,000 thalers, and in the same year the Meinhövel house, the Botzlar house in Selm, the Geisbeck house in Südkirchen for 125,000 thalers and the half-sheds of the Davensberg house full jurisdiction and the court of Capelle for 27,636 thalers.

Falkenhof manor ( Alexander Duncker around 1860)

Falkenhof line

Dietrich II. (* Around 1490; † before 1560) became Droste to Cloppenburg . He married Anna von Valke in 1521 . As a result, the von Morrien family also came into possession of the Falkenhof in Rheine , which they brought to a new bloom.

Frederick II of Prussia dedicated a poem to his favorite court lady, a daughter of Morria.

The male line Falkenhof expired at the end of the 18th century and was carried through the women into the district administrator family Basse . Descendants of the Basses still live today, who sold the pictures in the Falkenhof to the city of Rheine in the early 1920s and are buried in a family grave in Burgsteinfurt in the Protestant cemetery, continued by the Hogrebe families and then Seidel and Franz in Rheine.

coat of arms

Alliance coat of arms Morrien-Valke
zu Falkenhof

The coat of arms shows a black sloping bar with four bibs ( tournament collar ) in silver and a hexagonal red star in the upper corner. On the helmet with black and silver covers, the torso of a Moor with a red headband between a red and black ostrich feather.

The oblique, four-lipped tournament collar and the silver background were obviously taken over by the gentlemen from Senden and are still used today in the Senden municipal coat of arms .

The moor of the helmet is believed to be Saint Mauritius , who served as an African in the Roman legion and later suffered a martyr's death. He is the parish priest in Nordkirchen, the ancestral seat of the Morrien.

The real originator of the legend of the descent from the dark-skinned one of the Magi , which is why there is a Moor and a star ( Star of Bethlehem ) in the coat of arms, seems to be Johann von der Berswordt , who in 1624 published the “Westphälisch Adelich Stammbuch”. This legend was adopted in the imperial diploma from 1670, by virtue of which the Morrien brothers were elevated to the status of hereditary imperial barons.

In 1652 or 1684 Ferdinand Baron von Morrien († 1688), Hereditary Marshal of the Duchy of Münster, Lord of Nordkirchen, etc., owner of 224 farms and 52 houses in Münster, Herford and Osnabrück, came to Cologne. The hereditary marshal Morrien had from the proceeds of the sale of his farm a golden six-pointed star with diamonds, customize, he said to emphasize the family legend Epiphany Shrine of Cologne Cathedral handed. According to the former cathedral master builder Barbara Schock-Werner , the Morrien star was later sold and melted down in Paderborn (probably at the end of the 18th century).

More name bearers

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Harry von Grotthuss, Das Rittergut Grotenhus , in: news sheet of the family association of barons and barons v. Grotthuss v. Grothusen
  2. ↑ Antje Pflips: Lecture about the Morrien family : Nordkirchener Wasserburg had space for many guests on December 3, 2012 on Ruhrnachrichten.de
  3. ↑ Walter Volmer, Legends for the Reputation-Morrien's Marketing Coup in the Middle Ages (February 27, 2009)

literature

Web links

Commons : Morrien  - collection of images, videos and audio files