Büren (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the noblemen of Büren

The noble lords of Büren were a Westphalian noble family . You were the owner of the Büren estate ( Bürener Land ). Later they were at times one of the most powerful families in the diocese of Paderborn and also influential in neighboring areas, for example in today's Sauerland .

history

In the 12th century, the noblemen of Büren appear for the first time as subordinates of the Counts of Schwalenberg in their function as bailiffs of the Paderborn bishops . According to Tönsmeyer, the nobleman Dietmar von Padberg, the brother of Erpo II. Von Padberg, is identical to the first nobleman Dietmar von Büren. Around 1150 they entered into a family relationship with the ministerial family of Vesperde. During this time they built a castle at the confluence of the Alme and Afte rivers . This was conveniently located on the trade route between Lippstadt , Marsberg and Warburg . They also had a close relationship with the Counts of Arnsberg . After the Schwalenbergers lost the bailiwick of the Paderborn diocese, the Lords of Büren also reoriented themselves. Berthold and Dietmar von Bueren were in 1195 founder of the city Büren . The brothers transferred their possessions to the Bishop of Paderborn and in return received permission to found the city, as well as financial support for the construction of the city fortifications, coinage and customs rights and other monetary benefits. The founding of the city was of great strategic importance for the Paderborn residents, as it was on the border with the possessions of the Archdiocese of Cologne . The lords of Büren were at times in the wake of the Paderborns, at times in that of the Cologne bishops.

At the beginning of the 14th century, the influence of the noble lords of Büren reached its peak. With Wünnenberg they founded another city. Their property ranged from Altengeseke in the west, over the Sintfeld to the Dalheim area . They also owned substantial property in the Düdinghausen , Deifeld and Grönebach area . There were also numerous other legal rights . At times it seemed as if the noblemen were on the way to domination. They had a number of ministerials. The development of territorial rule failed due to conflicts within the family, disputes with the citizens and the pressure of the Paderborn bishops.

A line based on the Wewelsburg had to pledge its property including half of the city of Büren to the Bishop of Paderborn. Later she was even forced to sell. Since then, a bishop's bailiff has resided in the city of Büren. When there was a pogrom against the city's Jewish residents in 1291/92 , in which both noblemen and citizens had their share, the bishop of Paderborn forced them to build a chapel as an atonement.

Although the noblemen had not succeeded in establishing independent sovereignty, they were among the most powerful noble families in the diocese or prince-bishopric of Paderborn . During the Reformation , the family embraced Calvinism . Nevertheless, members of the family subsequently became governors of the prince-bishops. A family member who apparently remained Catholic, but was married, was e.g. B. the cathedral waiter ( Cellerar ) and cathedral cantor of Münster, Melchior von Büren (* 1480 in Davensberg, † 1546 in Münster).

The last of the family, Moritz von Büren , entered the Jesuit order . When he died childless in 1661, he bequeathed the rule of Büren to his order. This led to long inheritance disputes. It was not until 1714 that the prince-bishops were able to enforce their claim with the help of the Jesuit Vitus Georg Tönnemann .

coat of arms

The coat of arms shows a black, gold crowned lion in silver. On the crowned helmet with black and silver covers the lion growing between a silver flight.

family members

See also

literature

  • Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 103 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  • Reinhard Oberschelp: The noble lords of Büren up to the end of the 14th century . Aschendorf, Münster 1963
  • Hans Dieter Tönsmeyer: Gerhao quondam dux. On the role of the Frankish imperial nobility in the Hessian-Saxon border area . In: Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies (ZHG) Volume 122 (2017), pp. 1–24. Digitized online

Web links

Coordinates: 51 ° 33 ′ 21.2 ″  N , 8 ° 33 ′ 30 ″  E