Panther states
In the 1980s and 1990s, the states of Indonesia , Malaysia , Thailand , the Philippines and Vietnam in Southeast Asia were designated as panther states , which had the opportunity to promote the economic rise of the so-called tiger states ( South Korea , Republic of China (Taiwan) , Hong Kong and Singapore ) from developing country to industrialized country . This rise was massively slowed down by the Asian crisis in 1997, and none of the five countries became industrialized. The term panther states is no longer used today.
The economic rise of these countries was based on the appreciation of the Japanese yen , relative to the US dollar , as part of the Plaza Agreement in 1985. In order to offset the competitive disadvantage of the strong yen, Japanese companies then relocated a large part of their production to the Asian low-wage countries . More than 13 billion US dollars were invested in the panther states by the early 1990s.
The 1997 Asian crisis slowed growth in the Panther states from 8–10% to 5–6%. As a result, for example, Malaysia's plan to catch up with the industrialized countries by 2020 has been shaken.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Especial: Vietnã, 25 Anos Depois - Um novo tigre asiático? - Apr. 28, 2000. BBC Brasil
- ^ Cord Arendes , Edgar Wolfrum : Global history of the 20th century. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 3-170-18975-1 , p. 157.