ISO 12647
The ISO norm ISO 12647 ( English Graphic technology - Process control for the production of half-tone color separations, proof and production prints ) describes coloring standards, standard papers and process control methods for all basic printing processes . The standard consists of several parts and is constantly being expanded:
- Parameters and measurement methods (definitions and measurement methods)
- Offset lithographic processes ( offset printing )
- Coldset offset lithography on newsprint ( newspaper printing )
- Publication gravure printing ( illustration gravure printing )
- Screen printing ( screen printing )
- Flexographic printing ( flexographic printing )
- Proofing processes working directly from digital data ( digital proof printing )
- Validation print processes working directly from digital data ( data-based validation of standardized printing conditions )
- Metal decoration printing ( tin printing ) [standard part under development]
Offset printing
Part 2 of the standard has the greatest economic importance, as it deals with the most widespread printing process, sheet- fed and web offset printing . It is based on the offset printing process standard , published by the Federal Association of Printing and Media , and its further development is interpreted in a practical manner in the sense of a complete workflow guide for standardized offset printing processes. In ISO 12647-2 since 2013 and in the offset printing process standard since 2016, the previous five types of paper have been replaced by eight substrate categories, recently including the degree of optical brightening :
category | description | optical brightening | Weight per unit area (g / m²) | typical substrates | HKS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | multi- coated paper | moderately brightened | 80 ... 250 | premium-coated papers:
|
K |
2 | improved LWC paper for web offset | slightly brightened | 51 ... 80 |
|
|
3 | glossy standard web offset paper | slightly brightened | 48… 70 |
|
E. |
4th | matte to semi-matte standard web offset paper | slightly brightened | 48… 70 |
|
|
5 | wood-free, white natural paper (uncoated) | strongly brightened | 70 ... 250 |
|
N |
6th | highly calendered SC paper | slightly brightened | 38 ... 60 |
|
|
7th | improved newsprint | weakly lightened | 40 ... 56 |
|
Z |
8th | Newsprint | weakly lightened | 40… 52 |
|
Illustration gravure
Similar to the web offset paper categories, Part 4 of the standard distinguishes between the LWC Plus, LWC Standard, SC Plus, SC Standard and News Plus printing papers for illustration gravure. According to the ISO 2846-3 printing ink standard, two gamut classes are applied to these papers , resulting in ten substrate categories.