Passive play

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The term passive game , colloquially also called time game , is used in handball to describe the way a team in possession of the ball is played without attempting to attack or to score a goal. The passive game is defined in the handball rules 7:11 and 7:12.

Reasons for the rule

The aim of these rules is to prevent unattractive ways of playing and deliberate delays in the game. This should enable a more attractive game for the spectators and a fairer game for the teams involved in the game.

Passive game situations

For the attacking team, i.e. the team in possession of the ball, the situation of a passive style of play can arise in all game phases of the team's attack: from bridging the pitch (from the goal clearance of the goalkeeper to a field player), through the build-up phase to the final phase .
Passive styles of play are most commonly seen in the following game situations:

  • If the score is close towards the end of the game, if the team in charge is in the lead.
  • When the attacking team is outnumbered by the suspension of one or more players.
  • With a playful superiority of the defending team.

Punishment for passive play

The warning sign "passive play"
The forewarning sign in the game

If the referees recognize a tendency to passive play, they give the warning sign by raising an arm (see picture). This gives the team in charge of the ball the opportunity to change their style of play. If it does not change, a free throw is given against the team in charge of the ball after about five seconds (this is the recommendation, the exact period is entirely at the discretion of the referee). However, this decision should not be made while the ball holder is making dangerous forward movements or approaches.

The referees can give the warning sign for the following actions, among others:

  • With repeated execution of a throw-off, free-throw, throw-in or goalkeeper-throw to "waste time".
  • While waiting for a player change in the middle of the field.
  • Delaying the execution of a free throw by pretending not to know the place of execution.
  • When the goalkeeper releases the ball slowly for throwing.
  • When a throw-off pass is played repeatedly so that the ball flies into the opponent's half.
  • When the attacking team slowly takes the ball to the center for throwing.
  • When the ball bounces in one place.
  • When the ball is passed over the center line back into one's own half without distraction.

In special situations, the referees can decide directly on a free throw against the team in possession without prior warning, for example if a clear opportunity to score is deliberately left out.

With the rule change on July 1, 2016, the following rule comes into force:

  • After the warning sign has been displayed, only six passes may be played. After a possible seventh pass, a free throw must be decided. If the thrower is fouled when the shot is fired after the 6th pass or if the ball is deflected for a throw-in, an additional pass is allowed.

Removal of the forewarning sign

Normally, the warning sign is displayed until the end of an attack by scoring a goal or losing the ball, or until a decision is made to play passive. In two situations, however, the forewarning passive play can be canceled without the attacking team losing the ball:

  1. When the team in possession takes a shot on goal and the ball passes from the goal or goalkeeper back to the attacking team.
  2. When a player or official of the defending team receives a progressive punishment ( yellow card or time penalty ) for irregular behavior.

The team in charge of the ball then receives a new build-up phase from the referees. The forewarning signal is not canceled if the attempt to throw is distracted by the defending team's cover in the goal-out area. The attacking team is then awarded the throw-in from the side corner, but the forewarning signal remains.

Remarks

The decision to display the warning sign is mostly based on subjective aspects and is more or less a matter of feeling for the referees. However, there is seldom a need for discussion when the referee makes a decision. If there are two referees, eye contact is made between the two referees before the warning signal is displayed and then the arm is raised at the same time. In principle, however, it is sufficient if only one referee gives the warning sign (since the rule change on August 1, 2001).

Overall, since the introduction of this rule, it can be said that the referees now decide on passive play much earlier than, for example, shortly after the introduction of this rule. With this rule change, together with the fast middle , a handball game with more speed and goals could be made possible.

Table tennis

In table tennis, there is an analogue regulation which is intended to limit the duration of a game. This is officially called the change method , but is often also called the "time game".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ handballregel.de, Rule 7: Playing the ball, passive play
  2. ^ Information from the Swiss Handball Federation ( memento of March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ): “The new handball rules from July 1, 2016” Published on March 8, 2016, accessed on March 9, 2016

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