Patrick Dunbar, 5th Earl of Dunbar

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Patrick Dunbar, 5th Earl of Dunbar (also Patrick (II), Earl of Dunbar , * around 1186, † 1248 in Marseille ) was a Scottish nobleman .

Origin and heritage

Patrick Dunbar was the eldest son of his father of the same name, Patrick Dunbar, 4th Earl of Dunbar and his wife Ada , an illegitimate daughter of King William I of Scotland . After his father's death in December 1232, he inherited his estate and the title of Earl of Dunbar .

Rise to the leading Scottish magnate

1235 belonged to Dunbar to the leaders of the royal army, which in Galloway a rebellion of Thomas of Galloway reflected. Thomas of Galloway, the illegitimate son of Alan, Lord of Galloway, tried to gain his father's inheritance by fighting his three half-sisters. In 1242 the young Padraig, Earl of Atholl was probably identified by members of the Bisset family . Padraig had been Dunbar's ward, and now he wanted violent retaliation for the murder. He was swiftly aided by Walter Comyn, Earl of Menteith, and other members of the Comyn family who rivaled the Bissets in northern Scotland. In the face of pressure from the magnates, King Alexander II had to agree in November 1242 that John and Walter Bisset had to go into exile, although they protested their innocence. The Bissets fled to the English King Henry III. and complained about the injustice they saw. The English king now tried to claim sovereignty over Scotland and in the summer of 1244 moved with an army to northern England. Alexander II drew up to meet him, which led to negotiations. In the Newcastle Treaty , which was then concluded , the English king was unable to enforce his claim to suzerainty over Scotland and the Bissets had to remain in exile. Walter Comyn and Patrick Dunbar had to swear they had made no attacks on England. Around the mid-1240s, Dunbar was considered the most powerful Scottish nobleman, even before Walter Comyn. However, he apparently did not want to take advantage of this position, but remained a loyal supporter of the king. However, the conflict with the English king had apparently strengthened the position of the Scottish king, and Dunbar, who had been one of the king's critics, had probably lost influence.

Participation in the crusade and death

Presumably as an atonement for a feud with Tynemouth Priory , Dunbar decided in 1247 to take the cross. To finance the crusade, he sold his Lauderdale stud farm to Melrose Abbey . Like several other Scottish nobles, she joined the crusade of French King Louis IX. on. He died in Marseilles, where he wanted to embark for the crossing to the Holy Land .

Family and offspring

Like his father, Dunbar had made foundations for several monasteries, most notably Dryburgh and Melrose Abbey . Before 1213 he had married Euphemia Fitzalan , a daughter of Walter Fitzalan . His heir became his son of the same name Patrick Dunbar, 6th Earl of Dunbar († 1289).

literature

  • Allan Macquarrie: Scotland and the Crusades, 1095-1560. J. Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985.
  • Fiona Watson: Patrick Dunbar fifth earl of Dunbar (c. 1186-1248). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ Michael Brown: The wars of Scotland, 1214-1371 . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 2004, ISBN 0-7486-1237-8 , p. 39.
  2. ↑ Michael Brown: The wars of Scotland, 1214-1371 . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 2004, ISBN 0-7486-1237-8 , p. 41.
  3. ^ A b Michael Brown: The wars of Scotland, 1214-1371 . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 2004, ISBN 0-7486-1237-8 , p. 42.
  4. ^ Alan Young: The political role of Walter Comyn, earl of Menteith during the minority of Alexander III of Scotland . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the nobility of medieval Scotland . Donald, Edinburgh 1985, 124.
  5. ↑ THE Watt: The Minority of Alexander III of Scotland . In: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , 21 (1971), p. 3.
  6. ↑ Michael Brown: The wars of Scotland, 1214-1371 . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 2004, ISBN 0-7486-1237-8 , p. 139.
predecessor Office successor
Patrick Dunbar Earl of Dunbar
1232-1248 		Patrick Dunbar
personal data
SURNAME Dunbar, Patrick, 5th Earl of Dunbar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Patrick II, Earl of Dunbar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Earl of Dunbar
DATE OF BIRTH 12th century or 13th century
DATE OF DEATH 1248
Place of death Marseille