Peabody rifle model 1867
| Peabody rifle, model 1867 | |
|---|---|
|
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| general information | |
| Military designation: | Genius rifle patent Peabody Federal model 1867/77 |
| Country of operation: | Switzerland |
| Developer / Manufacturer: | Henry O. Peabody, Boston , Massachusetts / Providence Tool Company, Providence , Rhode Island , USA |
| Manufacturer country: | United States |
| Production time: | since 1867 |
| Model variants: | With replacement barrel 1877 |
| Weapon Category: | gun |
| Furnishing | |
| Overall length: | 1320 mm |
| Sight length : | 781 mm |
| Barrel length : | 821 mm |
| Technical specifications | |
| Caliber : | 10.5 mm rimfire ignition |
| Fire types: | Single shot |
| Number of trains : | 3 |
| Twist : | Length 720 mm right, replacement barrel 650 mm |
| Visor : | Rear sight / front sight |
| Closure : | Tilt block closure |
| Charging principle: | Single loader |
| Lists on the subject | |
The Peabody rifle model 1867 in caliber 10.5 mm was the orderly weapon of the Swiss Army for arming engineering troops from 1867.
history
The system of the Peabody breech loader with a tilting block lock was developed by Henry O. Peabody, Boston, Massachusetts, in the USA and patented in July 1863 (US Patent 35,947). From 1866 to 1871, about 112,000 of these weapons were manufactured by the Providence Tool Company in various calibers and mostly sold abroad, as the US Army no longer needed infantry rifles after the Civil War .
According to the Federal Council resolution of June 14, 1867, 15,000 of these weapons were purchased from the Providence Tool Company in order to arm the shooters as long as the Stutzer System Milbank-Amsler and Vetterli Repetierstutzer Modell 1871 were not available. From 1873, when the delivery of the Vetterli Model 1871 started, the Peabody rifles were handed over to the engineering troops.
technology
The Peabody breech block is mounted on an axle in the rear of the breech block and is tipped and closed again for reloading with the loading lever, which also serves as a trigger guard. When the shot is fired, the recoil is absorbed by the axis and the circular rear wall of the breech block that is adapted to the breech block.
To ignite the cartridges, the Peabody model 1867 rifle is equipped with a chain lock that corresponds to that of percussion weapons . When the trigger is pulled, the hammer strikes the firing pin running through the breech block, which ignites the rimfire cartridge. The cartridge corresponds to the Vetterli cartridge in caliber 10.5 mm. When reloading by tilting of the closure block of this angled to the front-mounted in the closure housing ejector which with its perpendicular component of the empty sleeve from the scored proposes cartridge chamber draws.
The sight range on the quadrant sight is adjustable, lowest sight position 200 m, highest position 800 m.
A spout bayonet with a blade length of 480 mm served as the bayonet .
Amendments 1877
In 1877, 1000 Peabody rifles were modified, Model 1867. Missed barrels were replaced by barrels manufactured in the Federal Arms Factory , which differed from the US barrels, which were round over the entire length, by an octagonal section 80 mm long at the back. In addition, the twist length of the W + F barrels was no longer 720 mm, but 660 mm per revolution. The new barrels were also slightly shorter and the bayonet mount was improved. Changes were also made to the lock mechanism, for example the striker was replaced by a steel one, and the ejector was reduced in width. The changes brought a reduction in the weight of the weapon from 4.4 kg to 4.08 kg.
The Peabody Martini system
The machine factory F. Martini & Co., founded by the Swiss designer and inventor Friedrich von Martini in Frauenfeld, Canton Thurgau, in 1860, was a company that initially manufactured bookbinding and textile machines, from 1869 mainly rifles (Peabody Martini rifles). The Swiss arms manufacturer and later automobile manufacturer improved the firearm's ignition system by replacing the chain lock with cock behind the breech block with an ignition mechanism integrated into the breech block, which was automatically cocked during loading. Among other improvements, he replaced the ejector attached under the chamber with a mechanism attached to the left of the breech block that actually ejected the fired cases. The Peabody-Martini Standschützen rifles were made for the Vetterlip cartridges , later also for the Swiss 7.5 × 53.5 mm GP 1890 orderly cartridges. In addition, hunting rifles were also manufactured in the calibers used in Switzerland.
The Peabody rifle with the Martini ignition system was also introduced in the British Army under the name Martini-Henry rifle from 1871 .
Early peabody locking system
Peabody manufacturer address on the lock housing
Peabody-Martini Standschützen Rifle
Sectional drawing through a martini cap
Comparison of the ejector Martini versus Peabody
Hole in the locking block for cleaning rod
literature
- Hugo Schneider and Michael am Rhyn, Eidgenössische Handfeuerwaffen (Armament and Equipment of the Swiss Army since 1817, Volume 2) , 1979 by Stocker and Schmid AG, Dietikon, Zurich, ISBN 3-7276-7020-7
- Clement Bosson: Poor individual you Soldat Suisse. Editions Pierre-Marcel Favre, Lausanne, ISBN 2-8289-0035-5 .
- Annual Report of the CHIEF OF ORDNANCE to the SECRETARY OF WAR , June 30 1873, Washington Govt. Printing Office 1873