Peral (submarine)

Peral

Peral in 1888

Ship data flag  Spain Ship type Submarine Shipyard Arsenal de la Carraca , San Fernando Launch September 8, 1888 Whereabouts Decommissioned in 1909

Ship dimensions and crew length 21 m ( Lüa ) width 2.59 m displacement surfaced: 77 t submerged: 85 t   crew 10

Machine system machine 2 electric motors Machine performance 60 hp (44 kW) Top speed 7.8 kn (14 km / h) propeller 2 propellers

Mission data submarine Top speed submerged 3 kn (6 km / h)

Armament 1 × 360 mm torpedo tube 2 × Whitehead torpedo

The Peral was the first electrically powered submarine that was suitable for military use.

history

The Spanish lieutenant captain and engineer Isaac Peral designed a submarine in 1885 and submitted the plans to the Armada Española . Both the navy and the Spanish regent Maria Christina of Austria were convinced of the design and so on April 20, 1887, the construction of the submarine Peral was approved. The construction took place in the Arsenal de la Carraca shipyard in San Fernando . The construction costs amounted to 301,500 pesetas .

The peral was cigar-shaped, 21 m long and 2.59 m in diameter. It was powered by two electric motors with 30 HP each , which were powered by accumulators . The accumulators could only be charged by an external power supply. In 1889 the launch of three Whitehead torpedoes was successfully tested . On June 7, 1890, the Peral dived 10 m deep for 1 hour and 5 minutes and covered 5.5 km.

The Spanish-Argentine businessman Carlos Casado del Alisal was convinced that Isaac Peral was on the right track and gave him 100,000 dollars . At first there were very positive reports about the performance of the submarine. The machines and controls were unsuitable, however, and the submarine was as unstable in the water as the Nordenfelt II . An attack on the ship Cristobal Colon was also simulated by night and by day. While the secret attack was successful at night, the submarine was sighted about 1 km away during the day.

From 1890 the submarine was not tested any further and was taken to the Arsenal de la Carraca in San Fernando. The Peral was dismantled in 1913 and the hull was transferred to Isaac Peral's hometown of Cartagena in 1929 , where it remained in the Arsenal de Cartagena until 1965 . On December 1, 1965 it was handed over to the city of Cartagena and erected as a memorial in the Plaza de los Héroes de Cavite. In 1992 it was exhibited at the Expo 92 in Seville and then returned to its location. In 2002, the monument to Paseo Alfonso XII in front of the Cartagena marina was relocated as part of a fountain. On December 15, it was finally transferred to the Museo Naval .

The Peral in Cartagena , 2006.

Web links

Commons : Peral  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Isaac Peral

literature

• Submarines. The history of the submarines. , Garant Verlag, Renningen 2017, ISBN 978-3-7359-1338-8 , p. 23

Individual evidence

1. ^ Cyril Field: The Story Of The Submarine , Philadelphia 1908, pp. 144–45 ( online )
2. ↑ Enrique F. Widmann-Miguel: Carlos Casado del Alisal , Buenos Aires 2013, pp. 25–29 ( online )
3. ↑ Western electrician , Volume 5, p. 164 ( online )
4. ↑ Monthly Issues for Politics and Wehrmacht, also organ of the Society for Heereskunde , Volume 77, 1890, p. 120 ( online )
5. ↑ El Submarino Peral será el sábado trasladado al Museo Naval