Peter Mazur

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Peter Mazur (born December 11, 1922 in Vienna , † August 15, 2001 in Lausanne ) was a Dutch physicist from Austria, who is one of the founders of statistical non-equilibrium physics.

Life

Mazur grew up in Vienna, Berlin (from 1931) and Paris, where the family (they were Jews) lived from 1933 on the run from the National Socialists. In 1939 they went to the Netherlands, where the family went underground under German occupation in 1942 and survived the war. Mazur studied chemistry at the University of Utrecht and then physics at the University of Amsterdam , where he received his doctorate in 1951 under Sybren Ruurds de Groot ( thermodynamics of transport phenomena in liquid helium-2 ). The results of his dissertation were in good agreement with experimental results from the Kamerling-Onnes laboratory. As a post-graduate student, he was at the University of Maryland in 1953 . In 1954 he became an assistant professor in Leiden, where SR de Groot from Utrecht had also moved. Together with de Groot, he founded the Lorentz Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of Leiden. In 1961 he was given a full professorship and in 1963 he became director of the Lorentz Institute after de Groot went to Amsterdam. In 1988 he retired, but remained scientifically active. He later moved to Switzerland.

He was a knight of the Order of the Dutch Lion .

plant

He wrote a fundamental monograph on non-equilibrium thermodynamics with de Groot, which has been translated into several languages, derived the Langevin equation on a microscopic basis with Irwin Oppenheim , and treated systems of coupled harmonic oscillators with Mark Kac and GW Ford. In addition to de Groot, he also worked a lot with Ilya Prigogine in the 1950s . With Dick Bedeaux he introduced induced forces in 1974 and applied them to the Brownian motion of suspended particles and together they developed the non-equilibrium thermodynamics for mesoscopic quantum systems and for surfaces. With Bedeaux he derived the Langevin equation for Brownian motion of a particle from the principles of time-reversal invariance and causality. In the early 1980s, together with Carlo Beenaker and Wim van Saarloos, he developed a formalism for describing hydrodynamic forces between any number of particles using the concept of induced forces that he introduced. With J. Miguel Rubi he described fluctuations in non-equilibrium thermodynamics.

Fonts

  • with SR de Groot Non equilibrium thermodynamics , North Holland, 1962, 1984, also translated into Russian, Chinese and German:
    • Basics of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes , Mannheim, BI 1969
    • Application of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes , Mannheim, BI 1974

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Oppenheim, Mazur Molecular derivation of the Langevin equation , Journal of the Physical Soc. of Japan, Vol. 26 suppl., 1969, pp. 35-77
  2. ↑ GW Ford, M. Kac and P. Mazur Statistical mechanics of assemblies of coupled oscillators , J. Math. Phys., Volume 6, 1965, p. 504
  3. ↑ Mazur, Bedeaux Renormalization of the diffusion coefficient in a fluctuating fluid , 1,2, Physica, Volume 73, 1974, p. 431, Volume 75, 1974, p. 79, Part 3, Physica A, Volume 80, 1975, p 189
  4. ↑ Bedeaux, Mazur Mesoscopic non-equilibrium thermodynamics for quantum systems , Physica A, vol 298, 2001, pp 81-100
  5. ↑ Bedeaux, AM Albano, Mazur Boundary conditions and non-equilibrium thermodynamics , Physica A, Volume 82, 1976, pp. 438-462
  6. ↑ Bedeaux, Mazur Causality, Time-reversal invariance and the Langevin Equation , Physica A, Volume 173, 1991, pp. 155-174
  7. ↑ Beenaker, Mazur Diffusion of spheres in suspension: three-body hydrodynamic interaction effects , Physics Letters A, Volume 91, 1982, p. 290, Mazur, van Saarloos Many sphere hydrodynamic interactions and mobility in suspensions , Physica A, Volume 115, 1982 , P. 21, Mazur Hydrodynamic interactions: a many-body problem in the theory of suspensions , Canadian J. Phys., Vol. 63, 1985, pp. 24-29
  8. ↑ Mazur, Rubi Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and hydrodynamic fluctuations , Physica A, Volume 276, 2000, pp. 477-488
personal data
SURNAME Mazur, Peter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch physicist
DATE OF BIRTH December 11, 1922
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH August 15, 2001
Place of death Lausanne