Philinidae
Philinidae | ||||||||||||
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Open sea almond ( Philine aperta ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Philinidae | ||||||||||||
( Linnaeus , 1767) |
The Philinidae are a family of small to medium-sized, exclusively marine snails in the order of the head shield snails (Cephalaspidea). The predatory snails found worldwide have a thin inner shell.
features
The snail is translucent milky to yellowish white with opaque white spots. The whitish, thin-walled snail shells have a very wide mouth and only about 1 to 2 whorls. The thread has sunk or is missing. The housings are completely covered by the upturned and overgrown jacket .
The translucent snails have an elongated body. The head shield has no antennae, but eyes can be present. The foot is cut off or rounded at the back and has striking, broad parapodial lobes that are more or less curved upwards.
The radula has no central teeth and large posterior teeth.
The Philinidae family mainly includes small, nocturnal snails, which, as carnivores , feed primarily on polychaetes and small mussels .
Depending on the species, it is estimated that the snails can live around 1 to 4 years. The snails are hermaphrodites who mate with one another with their penises . Veliger larvae hatch from the eggs, feed on plankton and after several months metamorphose into juvenile snails .
The Philinidae include the sea almonds ( Philine ) with the open sea almond ( Philine aperta ), which also occurs in the North Sea .
Systematics
According to Bouchet and Rocroi (2005), the Philinidae family is one of seven families in the Philinoidea superfamily . The family includes eight genera:
- Globophiline Got, 1958
- Johania Monterosato, 1884
- Laona A. Adams, 1865
- Philine Ascanius, 1772 (type species)
- Philinorbis Habe, 1950
- Praephiline Chaban & Militärko , 2009
- Pseudophiline Habe, 1976
- Spiniphiline Gosliner, 1988
- Yokoyamaia Habe, 1950
These genera are synonyms :
- Bullaea Lamarck, 1801 synonym by Philine Ascanius, 1772
- Lobaria O.F. Müller, 1776 synonym by Philine Ascanius, 1772
- Ossiania Monterosato, 1884 synonym by Philine Ascanius, 1772
- Retusophiline Nordsieck, 1972 Synonym of Philine Ascanius, 1772
literature
- Henry Augustus Pilsbry (1895): Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species: Philinidae . Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 1895.
- John D. Fish, Susan Fish: A Student's Guide to the Seashore . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2011. 540 pages. Philinidae. Philine aperta (Linnaeus) , p. 238f.
- Anne Hurst (1965): Studies on the structure and function of the feeding apparatus of Philine aperta with a comparative consideration of some other opisthobranchs (PDF file; 21.97 MB) . Malacologia 2 (3), pp. 281-347.
- Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi: Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda . Malacologia, 47: 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005 ISSN 0076-2997
- Winston Ponder & David Lindberg, Towards a phylogeny of gastropod molluscs; an analysis using morphological characters . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 119: 83-265, London 1997 ISSN 0024-4082
- Frank Riedel: Origin and evolution of the "higher" Caenogastropoda . Berliner Geoscientific Abhandlungen, Series E, Volume 32, Berlin 2000, 240 pages, ISBN 3-89582-077-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Anne Hurst (1965): Studies on the structure and function of the feeding apparatus of Philine aperta with a comparative consideration of some other opisthobranchs (PDF file; 21.97 MB) . Malacologia 2 (3), pp. 281-347.
- ^ Brian Morton, ST Chiu (1990): The diet, prey size and consumption of Philine orientalis (Opisthobranchia: Philinidae) in Hong Kong . Journal of Molluscan Studies 56 (2), pp. 289-299.
- ^ WoRMS (2009). Johania Monterosato, 1884 . In: Bouchet, P .; Gofas, S .; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database.
- ^ WoRMS (2009). Laona Adams, 1865 . In: Bouchet, P .; Gofas, S .; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database.