Philinidae

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Philinidae
Open sea almond (Philine aperta)

Open sea almond ( Philine aperta )

Systematics
Subclass : Orthogastropoda
Superordinate : Heterobranchia
Order : Hind gill snails (Opisthobranchia)
Subordination : Head shield snails (Cephalaspidea)
Superfamily : Philinoidea
Family : Philinidae
Scientific name
Philinidae
( Linnaeus , 1767)

The Philinidae are a family of small to medium-sized, exclusively marine snails in the order of the head shield snails (Cephalaspidea). The predatory snails found worldwide have a thin inner shell.

features

The snail is translucent milky to yellowish white with opaque white spots. The whitish, thin-walled snail shells have a very wide mouth and only about 1 to 2 whorls. The thread has sunk or is missing. The housings are completely covered by the upturned and overgrown jacket .

The translucent snails have an elongated body. The head shield has no antennae, but eyes can be present. The foot is cut off or rounded at the back and has striking, broad parapodial lobes that are more or less curved upwards.

The radula has no central teeth and large posterior teeth.

The Philinidae family mainly includes small, nocturnal snails, which, as carnivores , feed primarily on polychaetes and small mussels .

Depending on the species, it is estimated that the snails can live around 1 to 4 years. The snails are hermaphrodites who mate with one another with their penises . Veliger larvae hatch from the eggs, feed on plankton and after several months metamorphose into juvenile snails .

The Philinidae include the sea ​​almonds ( Philine ) with the open sea almond ( Philine aperta ), which also occurs in the North Sea .

Systematics

According to Bouchet and Rocroi (2005), the Philinidae family is one of seven families in the Philinoidea superfamily . The family includes eight genera:

These genera are synonyms :

  • Bullaea Lamarck, 1801 synonym by Philine Ascanius, 1772
  • Lobaria O.F. Müller, 1776 synonym by Philine Ascanius, 1772
  • Ossiania Monterosato, 1884 synonym by Philine Ascanius, 1772
  • Retusophiline Nordsieck, 1972 Synonym of Philine Ascanius, 1772

literature

  • Henry Augustus Pilsbry (1895): Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species: Philinidae . Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 1895.
  • John D. Fish, Susan Fish: A Student's Guide to the Seashore . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2011. 540 pages. Philinidae. Philine aperta (Linnaeus) , p. 238f.
  • Anne Hurst (1965): Studies on the structure and function of the feeding apparatus of Philine aperta with a comparative consideration of some other opisthobranchs (PDF file; 21.97 MB) . Malacologia 2 (3), pp. 281-347.
  • Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi: Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda . Malacologia, 47: 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005 ISSN  0076-2997
  • Winston Ponder & David Lindberg, Towards a phylogeny of gastropod molluscs; an analysis using morphological characters . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 119: 83-265, London 1997 ISSN  0024-4082
  • Frank Riedel: Origin and evolution of the "higher" Caenogastropoda . Berliner Geoscientific Abhandlungen, Series E, Volume 32, Berlin 2000, 240 pages, ISBN 3-89582-077-6 .

Web links

Commons : Philinidae  - collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Anne Hurst (1965): Studies on the structure and function of the feeding apparatus of Philine aperta with a comparative consideration of some other opisthobranchs (PDF file; 21.97 MB) . Malacologia 2 (3), pp. 281-347.
  2. ^ Brian Morton, ST Chiu (1990): The diet, prey size and consumption of Philine orientalis (Opisthobranchia: Philinidae) in Hong Kong . Journal of Molluscan Studies 56 (2), pp. 289-299.
  3. ^ WoRMS (2009). Johania Monterosato, 1884 . In: Bouchet, P .; Gofas, S .; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database.
  4. ^ WoRMS (2009). Laona Adams, 1865 . In: Bouchet, P .; Gofas, S .; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database.