Pierre Mulele

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Pierre Mulele (born August 11, 1929 - † October 3 (possibly October 9 ) 1968 ) was a Maoist politician of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , who belonged to the ethnic group of the Bapende .

Life

politics

In 1961 he headed a rebel government with Antoine Gizenga as prime minister, after he was minister of education under Patrice Lumumba . After Lumumba's murder, he fled the country and went to the Eastern Bloc.

After training in the Eastern Bloc and in the People's Republic of China , he led the Maoist Bloc in the May-May uprising in the Kwilu region in 1964 , before he fled to Congo-Brazzaville after the defeat .

In 1968 Joseph Desire Mobutu (Mobutu Sese Seko) persuaded him to return from exile and promised him amnesty. Shortly afterwards, he and all the people who had visited him since returning were arrested and then killed. Mulele was tortured in public, eyes and genitals ripped out, and limbs amputated one by one while he was alive. Its trunk was thrown into the Congo River . According to other sources, he was shot after a short trial.

On February 8, 2002, Avenue de la Liberté , one of the largest streets in Kinshasa , was renamed Avenue Pierre Mulele in his honor .

Private

Mulele married Leonie Abo, a political companion. After he was killed, she fled the country. The Belgian book Une Femme du Congo ( A Congolese Woman ) by Ludo Martens tells the story of her life.

Code of Conduct

Mulele drew up a set of rules that should serve as a kind of code of conduct for his revolutionaries:

  1. Respect all people, even the bad ones.
  2. Do not steal from the villagers, but buy their goods from them at fair prices.
  3. Bring borrowed things back without hassle or argument.
  4. Replace things you've destroyed at a reasonable price.
  5. Do not abuse anyone.
  6. Do not enter or destroy the land of strangers.
  7. Respect women and don't harass them.
  8. Treat your prisoners of war properly.

literature

  • Death of a Rebel . In: Time Magazine . October 18, 1968.
  • Ludo Martens: Pierre Mulele ou la Seconde Vie de Patrice Lumumba . EPO.
  • Ludo Martens: The people's uprising in the Congo (Kinshasa) 1964–1968: The way of Patrice Lumumba and Pierre Mulele. Labor Party of Belgium.
  • Ludo Martens: 10 jaar revolution in Congo, 1958-1966: De strijd van Patrice Lumumba en Pierre Mulele. EPO, ISBN 90-6445-854-5 .
  • Michela Wrong : In The Footsteps of Mr. Kurtz: Living on the Brink of Disaster. in: Mobutu's Congo. Perennial, ISBN 0-06-093443-3 .
  • Crawford Young, Thomas Turner: The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State. University of Wisconsin Press, ISBN 0-299-10110-X .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ brainyhistory.com
  2. ^ David van Reybrouck: Congo: A story . Suhrkamp, ​​Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-518-42307-3 .
  3. ↑ Adam Hochschild: King Leopold's Ghost. Houghton Mifflin, New York 1999 (German translation: Shadow over the Congo ).
  4. ↑ From protection to insurgency - history of the Mayi-Mayi . ( Memento from November 28, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ a b 3 octobre 1968 - 3 octobre 2005 Pierre Mulele, un assassinat barbare. In: Le Potentiel , October 3, 2005. Archived from the original at archive.org on February 25, 2010
  6. ↑ Michela Wrong : In The Footsteps of Mr. Kurtz: Living on the Brink of Disaster in Mobutu's Congo. Pp. 86-90.
  7. ↑ Mayi Mulele . In: Der Spiegel . No. 42 , 1968 ( online ).
  8. ↑ notevenpast.org
  9. ↑ Alaba Ogunsanwo: China's Policy in Africa 1958–71. ISBN 0-521-13440-4 , p. 175.
personal data
SURNAME Mulele, Pierre
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Maoist politician of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
DATE OF BIRTH August 11, 1929
DATE OF DEATH 3rd October 1968