Pieter De Rudder

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Pieter De Rudder or French Pierre De Rudder (born July 2, 1822 in Jabbeke , † March 22, 1898 ), was a Belgian farm worker . Rudders healing is one of the most famous of the Catholic Roman Church recognized " Lourdes - miracle ". A bronze cast of his bones is on display in the Lourdes Medical Office.

His healing from the consequences of his broken leg is said not to have taken place in Lourdes, but, remarkably, in a Lourdes sanctuary of Notre-Dame in Oostakker in East Flanders , near Ghent in Belgium.

The dossier

On February 16, 1867, De Rudder, in Jabbeke , West Flanders , broke his left leg (shin and fibula) after falling from a tree. At that time he was in the service of the Viscount Albéric du Bus de Gisignies . Several doctors recommended amputation after a negative healing process . De Rudder or the Viscount, however, refused. The medical treatment then ceased, further evidence is missing in a period of time that is difficult to determine over years.

The Viscount paid De Rudder a pension, which the chaplain Rommelaere von Jabbeke described as a "nice salary". After the Vicomte's death on July 26th, 1874, this pension was canceled by the heirs.

On April 7, 1875, eight and a half months after the cancellation of the pension that had been paid for seven years, De Rudder went to worship at Notre-Dame de Lourdes and, after leaving the sanctuary, declared himself healed. He shows a scar which, if one believes a late (and, intentionally, favorable to the supernatural thesis) testimony, had an old appearance immediately after the healing.

The attending doctors refused to issue a certificate to the clergy in the parish. In 1875 this was content with two neighbors and friends (father and son) of De Rudder as eyewitnesses. These two witnesses signed an identical certificate drawn up by the Vicar of Jabbeke, according to which, on the eve of the pilgrimage, they had seen the protruding bone ends in the wound. The certificate mentions a resident of the village who did not sign and saw the same thing two days before the pilgrimage.

The Bishop of Bruges , Johan Joseph Faict, wrote to Van Hoestenberghe for information, a doctor who was never one of De Rudder's doctors, but only examined the leg out of curiosity. Van Hoestenberghe replied in April and May 1875. His two letters were declared lost by the diocese before the canonical investigation (1907-1908) and the recognition of the miracle by Bishop Gustavus Josephus Waffelaert in 1908 and were not found again until 1956. For his part, Bishop Faict did not conduct any canonical inquiry.

The last known surviving attending physician, Verriest, died in Bruges on August 3, 1891. About a year later, on the occasion of the annual Belgian pilgrimage to Lourdes in August 1892, Van Hoestenberghe made his first public statement. He wrote two letters to Boissarie, President of the Lourdes Medical Detection Office, referring to the Von Rudder case. In it he confirmed at the time that he had checked the still sick leg and that he could only conclude that there was a miracle. These letters sparked a series of inquiries on behalf of various Catholic authorities. After there were only two eyewitnesses in 1875, there have been more and more over time. This also applies to the examinations of the sick leg that Van Hoestenberghe claims to have done. In 1907, before the episcopal commission, whose report was supposed to lead to the recognition of the miracle, the latter claimed to have examined the sick leg ten or twelve times, the last time three or four months before the pilgrimage.

The question of when the leg was last examined is important because, in the opinion of several Catholic doctors, the only argument to regard De Rudder's healing as a miracle is evidence of its suddenness.

Van Hoestenberghe's letters to Bishop Faict from 1875 were found in 1956 and published in 1957. In the second letter, Van Hoestenberghe (who had declared before the commission from 1907 to 1908 that he had examined the sick leg ten or twelve times, the last time three or four months before the pilgrimage) wrote that he had only seen the leg once, and that more than three years before De Rudder's pilgrimage to Notre-Dame.

Canon De Meester, the promoter causae during the investigation from 1907 to 1908, still believed, despite the letters from 1875, that Van Hoestenberghe had made several investigations of the sick leg and that the last of these investigations was about four months before the pilgrimage of De Rudder took place. In order to support this opinion, he had conversations with this in mind, which Van Hoestenberghe expressed that he had taken soon after the pilgrimage. These are comments that Van Hoestenberghe spoke about for the first time in 1899 in response to two Jesuits who made him observe that he had provided the late Verriest in 1875, which, compared to other sources, seems too late be. The comments triumph over this objection: "Verriest 75". These comments still have the peculiarity of contradicting the letters of 1875 to Bishop Faict not only in terms of the number and timing of the examinations, but also according to the timing of the examination of the leg that he made after the pilgrimage: this examination took place according to the comments on April 9, 1875, but Van Hoestenberghe wrote to Bishop Faict on April 15, 1875 that he had not yet had time to see the healed leg. These notes, which were found in an exceptional place in the Vans Hoestenberghes booklet: the interior ceiling, and not its chronological position under the pages, can now only be read on a photo because they seem to have disappeared in the diocese with the rest of the booklet be.

See also

literature

  • Canon A. De Meester: De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek . Basiliek van O.-L.-Vrouw van Lourdes, Oostakker 1957.
  • A. Delcour: Un grand miracle de Lourdes, la guérison de Pierre De Rudder, ou, Que vaut le témoignage? . Self-published, Brussels 1987 (This brochure was used for the present article after checking the references).
  • Suzanne K. Kaufman: Consuming Visions; Mass Culture and the Lourdes Shrine . Cornell University Press, Ithaca NY 2005, ISBN 0-8014-4248-6 , pp. 182-191 (On the polemics raised by the case; limited preview in the Google book search).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Canon A. Meester: De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek. Oostakker 1957, pp. 138-139.
  2. ↑ Paul Miest, Les 54 miracles of Lourdes au droit du jugement canon , Paris, 1958, p 100th
  3. ↑ Canon A. De Meester, "De wonderbare genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek", Oostakker, 1957, pp. 79 and 139.
  4. ^ See for example Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 17-18.
  5. ↑ Canon A. De Meester, "De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek", Oostakker, 1957, pp. 18, 36, 57, 142.
  6. ↑ For an example of discussing this question, see Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 58.
  7. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 80
  8. ^ Story from 1875 by the chaplain Rommelaere, reproduced in Canon A. De Meester, "De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek", Oostakker, 1957, p. 80, which gives the date June 24, 1874; Corrected by vicomtesse du Bus, letter to Le Bien Public (Gent) newspaper , February 3, 1913.
  9. ↑ Kaplan Rommelaere von Jabbeke, story of April 11, 1875, reproduced by Canon A. De Meester, "De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek", Oostakker, 1957, p. 80; Pastor E. Scheerlinck, Lourdes en Flandre , Gent, 1876: "Unfortunately! The relentless death came to hit the generous benefactor on June 21, 1874. Pieter found himself plunged once more into misery."; Removal of Augustus De Wulf: "This little pension stopped as soon as the vicomte died because nothing had been written" (Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 122 ); Testimony of the widow and the girl by De Rudder 1899 (Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 143-144).
  10. ↑ Letter of Van Hoestenberghe of 25 February 1907 in A.De canons Meester, De wonderbare Genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 183.
  11. ^ See for example Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 156–157. The advocates of the miracle explain this refusal by the "liberalism", the "disbelief" of the attending physicians, but these words seem to be taken with caution. Van Hoestenberghe (Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 51) describes the deceased attending physician Affenaer as "unbeliever", whom a story by the father Jesuit Van Tricht ( Collection de Précis historiques… , Vol. 25 - Vol. 5 of the 2 series -, p. 659) expressly presents as believing.
  12. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 21-22.
  13. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 31, copy based on which Maria Wittezaele would have signed. The photo of the certificate, reproduced in the same book, does not include the signature of Maria Wittezaele (or Wittesaele) who, by the way, according to his marriage certificate (Jabbeke, April 2, 1845), could neither write nor sign.
  14. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 49, 156-157, 245-249.
  15. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 156–157.
  16. ↑ Boissarie, in Annales de N.-D. de Lourdes , October 1892, t. 25, p. 60.
  17. ↑ In 1898 the Van Hoestenberghe declared his long silence by the wish not to go against the apparent coldness of Bishop Faict with regard to this matter. (Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 52.) Nevertheless, in contrast to Verriest, Bishop Faict was still alive when Van Hoestenberghe died in 1892 broke. (Bishop Faict died in 1894. Biographie Nationale de Belgique , vol. 30, supplement, vol. 2, Brussels, 1958, column 372.)
  18. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 44-45.
  19. ↑ See the various investigations in Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957.
  20. ^ Fact recognized by canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 219-220.
  21. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 35 and 37
  22. ↑ Anicet Guarner, De l'instantanéité des guérisons de Lourdes , Alger, 1939, p. 66, contradicts Pr Reverchon, who believed he found evidence of the supernatural nature of the process in the anatomical pieces; H. Lamiroy, in Palfijn , September 1945, p. 229; Leon Elaut, in Universitas Schriften , 1, Antwerp, 1951–1952, p. 98.
  23. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 246.
  24. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 248-250.
  25. ↑ For the appearance of the notes, see Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 58. For the time of the Verriest supplies, pp. 27, 58 and 80.
  26. ↑ This is exactly how Van Hoestenberghe copied his comments in a letter from 1899. (Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 58.) In the photo of the notes, which is also reproduced in the book by Canon De Meester, the number 5 is heavy to read.
  27. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 245
  28. ^ Canon A. De Meester, De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, pp. 58 and 248.
  29. ↑ Canon A. Se Meester De wondbaren genezing van Pieter De Rudder; het kanoniek onderzoek , Oostakker, 1957, p. 249, note 2.
personal data
SURNAME De Rudder, Pieter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES De Rudder, Pierre
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Belgian farm worker
DATE OF BIRTH July 2, 1822
PLACE OF BIRTH Jabbeke
DATE OF DEATH March 22, 1898