Flat bone

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As flat bones ( bones plana , singular Os planum ) is referred to in the anatomy sheet-like bone having a small thickness. You come z. B. on the skull as well as ribs ( costae ), shoulder blade ( scapula ), breastbone ( sternum ) and pelvic bones ( ossa coxae ). They are used to mechanically protect internal organs and, thanks to their flat shape, also offer sufficient space for the origin and insertion of skeletal muscles .

Plate bones consist of compact bone substance ( substantia compacta ) on the outside and spongy bone substance ( cancellous bone ) on the inside , with bone marrow located in the interstices . In the skull bones, the cancellous bone is also known as Diploë . In some skull bones, the diploë is greatly reduced and the cavity that is thus freed is lined with nasal mucosa . Such bones are called "air-filled bones" ( Ossa pneumatica ), the cavities of the paranasal sinuses .

See also

literature

  • Franz-Viktor Salomon: Bony skeleton . In the S. ua (Hrsg.): Anatomie für die Tiermedizin. 2nd ext. Ed. Enke-Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, pp. 37–110. ISBN 978-3-8304-1075-1 .