Poetism

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Poetism is an art movement that emerged in Czechoslovakia in the 1920s and was confined to this country.

definition

Poetism shouldn't just be an art program. The founders wanted to see life as a poem. The aim of poetism was an apolitical, optimistic view of the world. This resulted in a style of developing lyricism and playfulness.

He focused only on the present and happy events. The main themes and important components were feelings of happiness and emotions. The basic idea behind the creation was the problem of alienation and self-alienation of people and thus also of interpersonal relationships. The representatives of this style made society responsible for this deformation, which because of the complexity of its order was no longer interested in the happiness and unhappiness of an individual, but only concerned itself with itself. The aim of poetism was to bring about a positive change here and to counteract alienation. Vítězslav Nezval,
co-founder of poetism, offers a somewhat different definition : poetism is an adaptation of French surrealism for the Czech language. Nezval believes that the French surrealists rightly renounced the form in their language, since French had a long literary tradition and was therefore exhausted. Czech, on the other hand, was not revived until the 19th century. That is why it was the poetists' duty to combine the achievements of modern poetry with all formal means and also to look for new meters, sounds, rhymes, etc. Poetism was therefore not necessarily apolitical or even over-optimistic. The poetry collection Potopa (Flood) by František Halas from the Second World War may serve as a prime example .

history

Poetism has its roots in workers 'poetry and was created in 1923 in the vicinity of the avant-garde group of the Devětsil artists ' association .

In 1924 Karel Teige published the first manifesto of poetism in the Brno magazine Host . In 1928 an edition (No. 9) appeared in its own Postillion Revue Devětsilu (RED) under the heading manifesty POETISMU (Manifestos of Poetism). The output consists of the following parts:

  1. A drop of ink (Kapka inkoustu) by Vítězslav Nezval
  2. Ultraviolet Images or Artificialism (Ultrafialové obrazy čili Artificielismus) by Karel Teige
  3. Manifest des Poetismus (Manifest Poetismu) by Karel Teige

Poetism persisted in Czech literature until World War II. After 1950, the famous singer duo Jiří Suchý and Jiří Šlitr still used ideas of poetism.

Representative of poetism

literature

Visual arts

theatre

literature

  • Karel Teige : Poetism - a manifesto. In: Květoslav Chvatík: Prague Modernism. Stories, poems, manifestos . With an introduction by Milan Kundera . With an afterword by Květoslav Chvatík. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1991, ISBN 3-518-40397-4 , pp. 139-148.
  • Ludvík Kundera , Eduard Schreiber: Goodbye muses. Anthology of poetism. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-421-05257-3 ( Czech library ).
  • Irina Wutsdorff: Bakhtin and Prague structuralism: models of poetic openness using the example of the Czech avant-garde . Munich: Fink 2006. Part. zugl .: Potsdam, Univ., Diss., 2002
  • Frank Illing: Jan Mukařovský and the avant-garde: structuralist aesthetics in the context of poetism and surrealism . Bielefeld: Aisthesis-Verl. 2001. Zugl .: Freiburg (Breisgau), Univ., Diss., 2000
  • Rostislav Švácha : Devětsil: Czech avant-garde art, architecture and design of the 1920s and 30s . Design Museum, London; Museum of Modern Art, Oxford 1990
  • Walter Schamschula : The Czech literature: Aufbruch des Internationalismus , in: New manual of literary studies. Volume 20: Between the World Wars . Wiesbaden: Akad. Verl.-Ges. Athenaion 1983, pp. 540-547
  • Peter Drews: The Slavic Avant-Garde and the West: the Programs of the Russian, Polish and Czech Literary Avant-Garde and their European Context . Munich: Fink 1983. Zugl .: Freiburg, Breisgau, Univ., Habil.-Schr., 1980