Jindřich Štyrský

Štyrský, 1930

Jindřich Štyrský (born August 11, 1899 in Dolní Čermná , Austria-Hungary , † March 21, 1942 in Prague ) was a Czech painter , photographer , graphic artist , poet , representative of surrealism and art theorist .

Life

Jindřich Štyrský studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague under Jakub Obrovský, among others . After graduating, he took an active part in artistic life, joining the Devětsil Association of Modern Culture in 1923 and the Mánes Association of Visual Artists in 1933 . In 1922 he met Toyen , with whom he worked closely as an artist and with whom he and Josef Šíma went to Paris in 1925, where Štyrský lived with Toyen until 1928. After his return he became head of the stage set in the Osvobozené divadlo . In 1934 he founded the Surrealists group in Prague together with Toyen, Jindřich Heisler and Karel Teige . In 1935 he fell seriously ill.

Works

In the early 1920s he created lyrically charged Cubist images. In the mid-1920s he presented his first works in Paris in the exhibition L'Art d'aujourd'hui . In 1926 he and Toyen organized an exhibition in their studio in Montrouge in which they presented their new artistic style of artificialism , a style based on associative and abstract color structures. In the 1930s, his style became more concrete and approached surrealism . In 1932 Štyrský exhibited together with Toyen and Josef Šima in Prague in a large joint exhibition Poezie, which was to become a milestone in European surrealism. He dealt with photographs, created collages , pictures, graphics and book illustrations, wrote poems and designed stage sets.

German-language publications

• Emilie comes to me in a dream and other erotic prose . Frankfurt am Main, New Criticism Publishing House, 1994
• On the needles these days . Berlin, Edition Sirene , 1984
• Rudolf Kober, Gerd Lindner Hgg .: The second ark. Surrealism and Czech art 1925 - 1945. Jindrich Styrský, Karel Teige , Josef Šíma . Exhibition catalog. Foreword Jiří Vykoukal . Panorama Museum Bad Frankenhausen , 2001

photos

Štyrský began as a cubist painter with a lyrical touch, but soon switched to the imaginary direction. Since his stay in Paris, his pictures have shown elements of surrealism and artificialism. He was also one of the first artists in Europe to work with colored collages.

Photographic works

His cycles from Prague and Paris are also of particular historical value. His painting, Cirkus Simonette , achieved the highest auction price for a Czech work of art in an auction on April 23, 2006.

• Žabí muž, (The Frogman), 1934
• Muž s klapkami na očích, (The man with clubs over his eyes), 1934
• Pařížské odpoledne, (Afternoon in Paris), 1935
• Na jehlách těchto dní, (On the needles of these days), a selection of his photographic works with poems by Jindřich Heisler
• Fotografické dílo 1934–1935 (1982, Jazzová sekce, Praha)

Literary works

Editions

• Edice 69, founded in 1931
• Erotická revue (Erotic Revue), 1933
• Edice Surrealismu (Edition des Surrealism), from 1934
• Literární kurýr Odeonu (Literary Courier Odeon)

prose

He illustrated his pictures himself.

• Sny (dreams)
• Emilie přichází ke mně ve snu (Emilie comes to me and other erotic prose in a dream) 1933, ISBN 80-7215-146-0
• Poetry - Jindřich Štyrský (1992, Československý spisovatel, Praha - Bohemia: Edice krásných tisků)
• Karel Srp (2001, Torst, Praha) ISBN 80-7215-138-X

literature

• L. Bydžovská - T. Starl:  Štyrský Jindřich. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 14, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2012–, ISBN 978-3-7001-7312-0 , p. 20 f. (Direct links on p. 20 , p. 21 ).
• Anja Tippner: The permanent avant-garde? : Surrealism in Prague . Cologne: Böhlau 2009
• Czech avant-garde 1922–1940. Reflections on European art and photography in book design, (exhibition catalog), Kunstverein in Hamburg 1990 and Museum Bochum 1991
• Exhibition catalog 1982: Styrsky, Toyen, Heisler, Paris 1982
• František Šmejkal: Sny: zrození díla ze zdrojů psychických modelů polospánku, prostřednictvím věrných ilustrací snových objektů a autentických záznamů snů: 1925–1940 - Jindřich Štyrský (1970, Odeon, Prague)
• Štyrský, Toyen artificialism: 1926–1931, (1992, Středočeská galerie, Praha)
• Lenka Bydžovská: Každý z nás stopuje svoji ropuchu: Texty 1923–1940 - Jindřich Štyrský, Karel Srp (1996, Thyrsus, Praha)

Web links

Commons : Jindřich Štyrský  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Jindřich Štyrský in the catalog of the German National Library
• Jindrich Styrsky at artfacts.net
• Exhibition Jindrich Styrsky: "On the Needles of These Days". Photographs, 1934–1935 from September 21 to October 22, 1994 in the ubu gallery, New York (engl.)
• Exhibition of Jindrich Styrsky (1899-1942) photographs from March 3 to May 29, 2004 in the Berinson Gallery, Berlin
• Styrsky en Toyen photomontage book covers from the thirties and forties. Collection catalog. Vloemans Verlag, The Hague 2005 (English, PDF file; 1.3 MB)