Polyneuritis
In medicine, polyneuritis is a collective term for inflammatory diseases of several nerves with anatomically demonstrable changes in the nerve tissue . They are mostly caused by infections with viruses . Less often they are bacterially- infectious, toxic - allergic or immunologically caused. Also Thalidomide (thalidomide) is suspected to be the cause of this nerve damage.
More well-known examples of polyneuritides are idiopathic polyradiculoneuropathy ( Guillain-Barré syndrome ), an often life-threatening polyneuritis, and shingles ( herpes zoster caused by varicella zoster ), when this affects several nerves.
In infectious polyneuritides, the pathogen u. a. among the viruses the varicella zoster virus , the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the cytomegalovirus (CMV), the HIV virus and the herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) in question, among the bacteria the Mycobacterium leprae , the Corynebacterium diphtheriae , Brucella and mycoplasma . A vitamin B 1 deficiency can also lead to polyneuritis (e.g. due to inhibition of pyruvate decarboxylase )
Web links
- Commission guidelines of the German Society for Neurology (ed.): Therapy of acute and chronic immune-mediated neuropathies and neuritis guidelines for diagnosis and therapy in neurology, as of September 2012