Polyquaternium
Polyquaternium is a group of chemical compounds . Representatives of this group named according to INCI are a. Contained in many personal care products because of their film-forming and antistatic properties, e.g. B. in shampoos .
chemistry
As quaternary ammonium compounds , polyquaternium derivatives have quaternary nitrogen atoms, i. H. all four hydrogen atoms of the ammonium ion are replaced by organic residues. The compounds are therefore cationic, i.e. they have a positive charge. Mostly they are polymeric molecules .
classification
According to the INCI nomenclature, rule 23, polyquaternium and quaternium are names for complex quaternary ammonium compounds. The various representatives of this group are distinguished by numbers. For example Polyquaternium-1 , Polyquaternium-42, etc. The hyphen can also be omitted.
| Polyquaternium | Chemical Identity |
|---|---|
| Polyquaternium-1 | Ethanol, 2,2 ', 2'-nitrilotris-, polymer with 1,4-dichloro-2-butene and N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-2-butene-1,4-diamine |
| Polyquaternium-2 | Poly {bis (2-chloroethyl) ether-alt-1,3-bis [3- (dimethylamino) propyl] urea} |
| Polyquaternium-4 | Hydroxyethyl cellulose dimethyl diallylammonium chloride copolymer; Diallyldimethylammonium chloride-hydroxyethyl cellulose copolymer |
| Polyquaternium-5 | Copolymer of acrylamide and quaternized dimethylammoniumethyl methacrylate |
| Polyquaternium-6 | Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) |
| Polyquaternium-7 | Copolymer of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride |
| Polyquaternium-8 | Copolymer of methyl and stearyl dimethylaminoethyl ester of methacrylic acid, quaternized with dimethylsulphate |
| Polyquaternium-9 | Homopolymer of N, N- (dimethylamino) ethyl ester of methacrylic acid, quaternized with bromomethane |
| Polyquaternium-10 | Quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose |
| Polyquaternium-11 | Copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate |
| Polyquaternium-12 | Ethyl methacrylate / abietyl methacrylate / diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer quaternized with dimethyl sulfate |
| Polyquaternium-13 | Ethyl methacrylate / oleyl methacrylate / diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer quaternized with dimethyl sulfate |
| Polyquaternium-14 | Trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate homopolymer |
| Polyquaternium-15 | Acrylamide-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride copolymer |
| Polyquaternium-16 | Copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternized vinylimidazole |
| Polyquaternium-17 | Adipic acid, dimethylaminopropylamine and dichloroethylether copolymer |
| Polyquaternium-18 | Azelanic acid, dimethylaminopropylamine and dichloroethylether copolymer |
| Polyquaternium-19 | Copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol and 2,3-epoxypropylamine |
| Polyquaternium-20 | Copolymer of polyvinyl octadecyl ether and 2,3-epoxypropylamine |
| Polyquaternium-22 | Copolymer of acrylic acid and diallyldimethylammonium chloride |
| Polyquaternium-24 | Quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryl dimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide |
| Polyquaternium-27 | Block copolymer of Polyquaternium-2 and Polyquaternium-17 |
| Polyquaternium-28 | Copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium |
| Polyquaternium-29 | Chitosan modified with propylene oxide and quaternized with epichlorohydrin |
| Polyquaternium-30 | Ethanaminium, N- (carboxymethyl) -N, N-dimethyl-2 - [(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl) oxy] -, inner salt, polymer with methyl 2-methyl-2- propenoate |
| Polyquaternium-31 | N, N-dimethylaminopropyl-N-acrylamidine quatemized with diethyl sulfate bound to a block of polyacrylonitrile |
| Polyquaternium-32 | Poly (acrylamide 2-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride) |
| Polyquaternium-33 | Copolymer of trimethylaminoethyl acrylate salt and acrylamide |
| Polyquaternium-34 | Copolymer of 1,3-dibromopropane and N, N-diethyl-N ′, N′-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine |
| Polyquaternium-35 | Methosulphate of the copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium and of methacryloyloxyethyldimethylacetylammonium |
| Polyquaternium-36 | Copolymer of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and buthyl methacrylate, quaternized with dimethylsulphate |
| Polyquaternium-37 | Poly (2-methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) |
| Polyquaternium-39 | Terpolymer of acrylic acid, acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride |
| Polyquaternium-42 | Poly [oxyethylene (dimethylimino) ethylene (dimethylimino) ethylene dichloride] |
| Polyquaternium-43 | Copolymer of acrylamide, acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride, 2-amidopropylacrylamide sulfonate and dimethylaminopropylamine |
| Polyquaternium-44 | 3-Methyl-1-vinylimidazolium methyl sulfate-N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer |
| Polyquaternium-45 | Copolymer of (N-methyl-N-ethoxyglycine) methacrylate and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, quaternized with dimethyl sulphate |
| Polyquaternium-46 | Terpolymer of vinylcaprolactam, vinylpyrrolidone, and quaternized vinylimidazole |
| Polyquaternium-47 | Terpolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride, and methyl acrylate |
function
- Film former: Many polyquaternium representatives form on surfaces such as B. hair or fingernails, a cohesive film. The film should u. a. have a protective and stabilizing effect.
- Antistatic agents : They reduce the electrostatic charge caused by friction effects, e.g. B. by combing the hair.
- Combability aids.
Some representatives of the Polyquaternium group have additional functions. So z. B. Polyquaternium-2 make the skin supple, Polyquaternium-45, -46 and -47 as hair fixatives facilitate the shaping of hairstyles.
Risks
- Discoloration of laundry that has come into contact with Polyquaternium. Polyquaternium is not only deposited on skin and hair, but also on laundry fibers. Due to the cationic properties of polyquaternium, the surface of laundry items is positively charged. In the washing liquor - which is negatively charged - this leads to the color or dirt pigments dissolved in the washing liquor being attracted to the items of laundry and being firmly deposited on them.
- Polyquaternium-7 contains - albeit only small amounts - acrylamide .
- In the long term, microplastics are said to have negative effects on marine organisms and, if they are consumed with food, also on humans.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Inventory of Ingredients - Nomenclature Conventions (see page 8, rule 23; PDF; 59 kB), a publication of the EU
- ↑ Hiroshi Iwata, Kunio Shimada: Formulas, Ingredients and Production of Cosmetics: Technology of Skin- and Hair-Care Products in Japan ( en ). Springer Science & Business Media, October 2, 2012, ISBN 9784431540618 .
- ↑ Randy Schueller, Perry Romanowski: Conditioning Agents for Hair and Skin ( en ). CRC Press, February 2, 1999, ISBN 9780824719210 .
- ↑ NDR.de: Caution: stains from shower gel? ( Memento from September 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), broadcast on July 2, 2012 at 8:15 p.m.
- ↑ BfR: Sources for acrylamide in cosmetics (PDF; 8 kB)
- ↑ Microplastics Study 2016 - Codecheck study on microplastics in cosmetics