Pomatiopsidae

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Pomatiopsidae
Oncomelania hupensis

Oncomelania hupensis

Systematics
Class : Snails (gastropoda)
Subclass : Orthogastropoda
Superordinate : Caenogastropoda
Order : Hypsogastropoda
Superfamily : Rissooidea
Family : Pomatiopsidae
Scientific name
Pomatiopsidae
Stimpson , 1865

Pomatiopsidae is a family of mainly small freshwater snails from the superfamily Rissooidea . The family includes around 170 species. Some of these species are important as intermediate hosts of the pair leech , the causative agent of schistosomiasis .

features

The shells of the Pomatiopsidae are small, 2.5 to 9.5 mm long (e.g. with Delavaya ), thin or thick-skinned, often colorless, translucent or covered with a brown periostracum and little ornamented. The housings with arched passages vary in shape from ovoid-conical to planispiral. The housings are of no great diagnostic value. The species of the family have gills and an operculum and are separate sexes. The gills, an original feature, can also be severely regressed or almost absent. The animals breathe through the surface of their bodies. The reduction of the gills is not limited to terrestrial forms, but also occurs in purely aquatic species.

The sperm penetrates the female oviduct via the spermathecal canal, which is separated from the fallopian tube opening into the mantle cavity. The spermathecal canal is the extension of a protuberance of the bursa copulatrix . The males have a simple penis, i. H. a simple ladder with no attachments.

The egg capsules are round and contain a single zygote . The surface of the egg capsules is sticky; therefore they are covered with mud and detritus .

Geographical distribution and habitat

Distribution of the Pomatiopsidae

Pomatiopsidae are distributed worldwide in the tropics and subtropics . The greatest variety of taxa can be found in Southeast and East Asia ( Thailand to Japan ). There are also representatives in Africa , Australia , South America and North America .

Way of life

After copulation and internal fertilization, the eggs are laid individually in the water. The eggs develop into a Trochophora larva and later into a Veliger larva in the egg shell . This leaves the egg shell, so that the Veliger larva is the only larva form living in the wild. The Veliger larvae live for a relatively long time in the plankton , on which they also feed. The larval housing develops already during the planktonic life phase and before the onset of metamorphosis and the transition to soil life. The adult representatives of the Pomatiopsidae live in fresh water, amphibiously or on land. They feed on algae and detritus that they graze on the surface of rocks, sediment, or other solid ground.

Systematics

The taxon was established by William Stimpson in 1865 . In the past it was mostly placed as a subfamily in the family Hydrobiidae. In the meantime, the position as an independent family has prevailed. The family is currently divided into two subfamilies, the Pomatiopsinae and the Triculinae:

  • Subfamily Pomatiopsinae Stimpson, 1865 (synonyms: Hemibiinae Heude, 1890; Tomichiinae Wenz, 1938; W Coxiellidae Iredale, 1943; Oncomelaniidae Salisbury & Edwards, 1961; Cecininae Starobogatov, 1983)

Taxon with unknown subfamily and tribe assignment:

Web links

Commons : Pomatiopsidae  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

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  1. ↑ Ellen E. Strong, Olivier Gargominy, Winston F. Ponder, Philippe Bouchet: Global diversity of gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in freshwater . In: Hydrobiologia . 595, No. 1, December 2007, pp. 149-166. ISSN 0018-8158 . doi : 10.1007 / s10750-007-9012-6 .  
  2. ↑ a b c d Kameda Y. & Kato M. (2011): Terrestrial invasion of pomatiopsid gastropods in the heavy-snow region of the Japanese Archipelago. BMC Evolutionary Biology 11: p. 118. doi: 10.1186 / 1471-2148-11-118
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Bouchet, P. and JP Rocroi (2005): Classification and Nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47: pp. 1-397
  4. ^ Brown DS (1994): Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5 .
  5. ↑ a b c Davis GM (1979): The origin and evolution of the gastropod family Pomatiopsidae, with emphasis on the Mekong river Triculinae. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia , Monograph 20 : 1-120. Online at GoogleBooks .
  6. ^ Robert T. Dillon: The ecology of freshwater molluscs. 509 pp., Cambridge & New York, Cambridge University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-521-35210-X
  7. ^ William Stimpson (1865). "Researches upon the Hydrobiinae and allied forms chiefly made upon materials in the museum of the Smithsonian Institution". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 7 (201) : 1-59. page 4 .
  8. ^ Wilhelm August Wenz (1938): Handbuch der Paläozoologie 6 (1): 51, 63.
  9. ^ Tom Iredale (1943) The Australian Zoologist 10 (2): 209.
  10. ^ WoRMS (2010). Cecina A. Adams, 1861. Accessed by: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=397033 on April 4, 2011
  11. ↑ Rosenberg, G. (2010). Tomichia Benson, 1851. Accessed by: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=405098 on April 4, 2011
  12. ↑ Nelson Annandale (1924): Studies on Schistosomiasis japonica. Appendix A. The molluscan hosts of the human blood fluke in China and Japan, and species liable to be confused with them. American Journal of Hygiene, Monographic Series 3 : pp. 269-294, plate 26. page 276.
  13. ↑ Nelson Annandale (1924). Journal and Proceedings, Asiatic Society of Bengal new series 19 (9): 403.
  14. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Davis GM & Kang Z.-B. (1990): The genus Wuconchona of China (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae: Triculinae): anatomy, systematics, cladistics, and transmission of Schistosoma. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 142 : 119-142.
  15. ↑ Wilke T., Davis GM, Gong X. & Liu HX (2000): Erhaia (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): phylogenetic relationships and the question of Paragonimus coevolution in Asia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 62 (4): 453-459. PDF ( Memento of the original from July 15, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ajtmh.org