Practical computer science
The practical computer science ( PI ) is one of the main areas of computer science . It is located between theoretical and applied computer science and develops fundamental concepts and methods for solving specific computer science problems, for example the development of data structures or programming languages. In doing so, she draws on the knowledge and methods of theoretical computer science. Software technology is an important part of practical computer science .
Sub-disciplines of practical computer science
In the following descriptions, individual areas of the PI are briefly outlined.
Algorithms
The algorithm describes a precisely defined procedure for solving a problem. One example is the Euclidean algorithm for finding the greatest common divisor of two natural numbers. In computer science, algorithms are always deterministic; In other words, they always deliver the same result for the same inputs.
Data structures
Data structures describe a certain way of managing data and linking it with one another in order to be able to access and manipulate them in a suitable manner. Data structures are always linked to certain operations in order to enable this access and manipulation. An example of a data structure is the stack ( stack ). You can insert elements into a stack with the push operation and remove them with pop , whereby the principle last in - first out applies. You can visualize a stack like a stack of books in which you can only ever put one book on top or remove the top book. Trees or graphs are more complex data structures .
Operating systems
An operating system is the software that enables a computer to be used (operated) . It manages resources such as memory , input and output devices and controls the execution of programs.
Databases
A database is the electronic form of a card index. It is a collection of data that belongs together from the user's point of view, e.g. B. a personnel database or a warehouse inventory database.
Databases guarantee that large amounts of data can be accessed quickly and reliably. Largely standardized interfaces make it easier for application programs to process this data. The database also offers a high level of data protection against unauthorized access and data loss due to technical failure.
There are hierarchical, relational , multidimensional and object-oriented databases . The database is usually managed by a database management system (DBMS). The relational databases are currently the most widespread, many of them already having object-relational extensions, e.g. B. the products Oracle of the company of the same name or the DB2 of the company IBM .
Programming languages
A programming language is a formal language for the representation (notation) of computer programs. It provides the computer system with precise information on a chain of internal processing steps, the data involved and their structure depending on internal or external events, using text written by a person.
Software engineering
As a software engineering is called the creation of software from the initial idea to the finished software to its delivery, and the expansion and maintenance possibly already existing software.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Definition of computer science. (PDF; 52 kB) (No longer available online.) Informatikjahr.de, archived from the original on October 19, 2014 ; Retrieved November 18, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Definition of practical computer science. wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de, accessed on November 17, 2012 .
- ↑ What is computer science? (PDF; 518 kB) de.quivira-font.com, accessed on November 18, 2012 .
- ↑ databases. wikis.gm.fh-koeln.de, accessed on November 18, 2012 .
- ↑ Database management system. (No longer available online.) Wikis.gm.fh-koeln.de, archived from the original on January 4, 2013 ; Retrieved November 18, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
